Introduction of Jinan characteristic buildings?

Speaking of characteristic buildings in Jinan, the most famous ones are Ziya Site in Longshan Cultural City, Lingyan Temple, Fu Xue Confucian Temple in Jinan, Honglou Church and other landmark buildings in Jinan. Jinan, also known as "Spring City", is one of the five sub-provincial cities in China/KLOC-0, the capital of Shandong Province, the political, cultural and educational center of Shandong Province, the seat of jinan military area command Command, one of the seven military regions of China People's Liberation Army, and the residence of its leading institutions. Jinan is known as the "Spring City" in China because of its numerous springs, and is known as "Lotus on four sides and willow on three sides, a city with mountains and a half city with lakes". It is a national historical and cultural city, the first batch of excellent tourist cities in China, and one of the birthplaces of prehistoric Longshan culture. The following are the related building materials of Jinan compiled by Zhong Da Architectural Consulting Company for architects. The details are as follows:

Characteristic Architecture of Jinan —— Confucian Temple in Fu Xue, Jinan

Brief Introduction of Confucian Temple in Fu Xue, Jinan;

The Confucian Temple in Fu Xue, Jinan is located at No.248, Hu Ming Road, Lixia District, Jinan City. It faces Daming Lake in the north, and there are streets and lanes in the old city such as Furong Street. The Confucian Temple in Fu Xue, Ji 'nan was built in Song Xining (A.D. 1068- 1077), collapsed at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and was rebuilt in Hongwu of Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1369). The Confucian Temple was repaired many times in Qing Dynasty, but the scale and architectural layout of the Confucian Temple in Ming Dynasty were basically maintained.

It is connected to Furong Street in the south and Daming Lake in the north. The architectural layout is reasonable and large-scale, which is an important historical and cultural relic of Jinan. Since its trial operation on 20 10, the Confucian Temple has successfully held public welfare cultural activities such as "Spring Festival Blessing Meeting", "Harmonious China-Reading Meeting of Chinese Classical Culture across the Taiwan Strait", "Confucian Temple Lecture Hall", "Exhibition of Korean Oil Paintings", "Adult Ceremony" and "Opening Ceremony", and established practical teaching in cooperation with many universities, primary schools and middle schools. The Confucian Temple in Fu Xue, Ji 'nan has gradually become a position to carry forward Chinese excellent traditional culture and a Confucian cultural communication center widely recognized by society.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Confucius Temple was occupied by primary schools and factories, and many buildings were destroyed. 1992 became a cultural relic protection unit in Shandong province. In 2005, a major overhaul was carried out to repair the remaining ancient buildings and rebuild the demolished parts. The restored Confucian Temple will restore the function of offering sacrifices to Confucius and become the core part of Jinan historical and cultural protection area.

Characteristic Architecture of Jinan —— Confucian Temple in Fu Xue, Jinan

Architectural History of Confucian Temple in Jinan, Fu Xue;

The Confucian Temple in Fu Xue, Ji 'nan was built in the Song Xining period (A.D. 1068- 1077), which is located on the Daming Lake. It has been destroyed and rebuilt several times in history. During the Jin Dynasty, the Confucian Temple in Fu Xue was severely damaged by the war and collapsed at the end of Yuan Dynasty. It was rebuilt in the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1369) and expanded in the nineteenth year of Chenghua (A.D. 1483). It has undergone several generations of reconstruction. By the end of the Ming Dynasty, the architectural layout had been perfected. In the Qing Dynasty, the Confucian Temple was continuously repaired, but the scale and architectural layout of the Confucian Temple in the Ming Dynasty were basically maintained, so that the area of Fu Xuewen Temple reached Hu Ming Road in the north, Gongyuan Qianggen Street in the west, South Gate in the south and Qushuiting Street in the east.

Fu Xue Confucian Temple in Jinan was the cultural and educational center of Jinan in past dynasties, but after the abolition of the imperial examination in the Republic of China, the Confucian Temple in Fu Xue gradually declined. Due to years of war, the Confucian Temple in Fu Xue was destroyed before liberation. After liberation, Dacheng Hall was converted into an auditorium, and later Fu Xue Confucian Temple became a primary school building on Daming Lake Road.

According to textual research, among the known Confucian temples in China, except Qufu Confucius Temple in Shandong, Pingxiang Confucius Temple in Jiangxi, Liuhe Confucius Temple in Nanjing and Suzhou Confucius Temple, they were all built later than Jinan Confucius Temple. Combined with its huge scale and influence, we can see the important position of Jinan Confucian Temple in the whole country. Construction started on September 2005 10. After five years' careful maintenance, Fu Xuewen Temple in Jinan was fully completed on September 28th, 20 10. Fu Xue Confucian Temple in Jinan is located at No.214 Daminghu Road, Jinan, and it is an important existing government-level Confucian temple in China. Its main building, Dacheng Hall, is located in the north and south, and it is the largest single ancient building in Jinan. According to historical records, Fu Xuewen Temple in Jinan was originally a huge building complex, with a total length of 247 meters and a width of 64 ~ 66 meters. The whole building complex is symmetrically distributed on a central axis. From the four buildings (structures) such as Yingbi, Nanmen, Chi Pan and Dacheng Hall, we can still vaguely distinguish the momentum of that year.

Characteristic Architecture of Jinan —— Confucian Temple in Fu Xue, Jinan

Architectural Pattern of Confucian Temple in Jinan, Fu Xue;

From south to north, the pattern of Confucian temples is the main buildings, such as South Gate, Regular Pavilion, Xingxingmen, Panchi, Pingmen, Jiymen (commonly known as Dacheng Gate), Dacheng Hall, East-West Corridor, Minglun Hall and Zunjing Pavilion. On the inner side of the South Gate, there are two "well-behaved pavilions", which are divided into two parts, the east and the west. They are circular, which means that "Fiona Fang must be irregular" and warns Confucian students to have a rigorous learning attitude. However, unlike other Confucian temples in other places, the Confucian Temple in Fu Xue, Ji 'nan is generally curved, which is rare among Confucian temples, and may be related to the geographical environment when the Confucian Temple was first built.

A major feature of Jinan Confucian Temple is its Chi Pan, which is not only big Chi Pan, but also small pool side, which is relatively rare in Confucian Temple. In addition, most of the Chi Pan in the Confucius Temple in other places are just symbols, and some can only put some stagnant water at most. The pool here is not only full of water, but also a flowing spring, which is extremely rare, if not unique, in China. This fully shows that Jinan has a developed water system in history, which embodies the characteristics of Quancheng.

The spring water in Chi Pan flows from Furong Street in the south, flows into Chi Pan and through the open channel, flows into Qushui Pavilion through Dai Yu, and then flows into Daming Lake. This time, they cooperated with the maintenance project to dig and restore the previous waterway. In this way, visitors to the Confucian Temple can not only be influenced by Confucian culture, but also appreciate the characteristics of Jinan spring water culture.

Characteristic Architecture of Jinan —— Confucian Temple in Fu Xue, Jinan

Architectural form of Confucian Temple in Jinan, Fu Xue;

The main hall of the Confucian temple

Dacheng Hall, with nine bays, is the largest single-eaves roof building in the province. Dacheng Hall of Confucian Temple in Jinan Fu Xue Dacheng Hall is the largest single ancient building in Jinan, and one of the largest existing single-eaved ancient buildings in Shandong, ranking third in the national Dacheng Hall of Confucian Temple. The main hall is nine rooms wide and 34.5 meters wide from east to west. Four-room depth, north-south depth 13.9 meters; Height13.86m, covering an area of about 480m2. The yellow glazed tile on the roof of the single-eave palace, the wooden frame is a beam-lifting structure, and the columns are divided, angled and tilted, which retains the characteristics of the Song Dynasty architecture. There is a bucket under the eaves, two from the Ming Dynasty, one in the other. There are colorful pictures on the doors and cushions. The hall adopts the method of reducing columns, and the ceiling is set at the top, with different elevations, in which the ceiling between the bay and the second room is lower and the ceiling between the tip and the end is higher. The Zhou Dong, west and north sides of the temple are surrounded by cornices. All rooms in the middle of the south front eaves are separated by six plastered diamond doors, but the rooms at both ends are diamond windows. In the 1950 s, Dacheng Hall and Yubei Hall dedicated Confucius and four statues, and several plaques inscribed by the Qing emperor hung on the top, which were destroyed during the Cultural Revolution. In 2005, I stumbled across a remnant tablet of the imperial pen of Qing Sejong, which was "without livelihood". In September 2009, a brand-new plastic statue of Confucius with a height of 2.72 meters was officially completed. After that, the statues of Si Pei and Twelve Philosophers will be moved, and the statues of Confucius disciples will be placed in the East-West Corridor on the south side of Dacheng Hall.

Dacheng Hall was originally located on a broad platform. With the change of time, the building has been damaged, the spine beast was smashed during the Cultural Revolution, and the foundation of the hall was flush with the ground. During the reconstruction, engineers adopted the method of "lifting from the frame", that is, all the main halls were demolished, the components were carefully marked, the foundation was raised, and then the original materials were used as much as possible for reconstruction. After the reconstruction, the overall height of Dacheng Hall rose by 1.5 meters, reappearing the lofty height of that year.

There are two original royal stone pavilions in front of Dacheng Hall, one on the left and the other on the right, with hexagonal and yellow glazed tile roofs, which were built during the reign of Kangxi. Ruins and monuments still exist and have been restored. When Dacheng Hall was built, two stone tablets were unearthed in front of the hall.

screen wall

The screen wall is located outside the Confucian Temple, facing the gate in the north. It is 9.85 meters long, about 5 meters high and 0.95 meters thick. It is made of bricks, in the shape of "I", with glazed tile roof. There is a circular brick carving pattern in the middle of the north, which is a relic of the Qing Dynasty. For decades, it has been used as a fence to avoid demolition.

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