How to identify various different kinds of ginseng?

There are many different kinds of ginseng on the market nowadays with different quality. How to identify the quality of various commercial ginseng is a learning process, which can be learned. Simple and concise grasp of some ginseng identification common sense, help us choose ginseng to avoid being cheated. Generally speaking, selecting ginseng should be identified from several aspects such as color, length, texture and smell.

I. How to identify ginseng?

1. Goryeo ginseng

Goryeo red ginseng, morphological traits for the ginseng body is quite full, about 5?10 centimeters long, 1?2 centimeters in diameter, the top of the flat wide, above the connection between the two forked double horseshoe reeds or a single reeds, a single reeds, known as the "bowl of reeds". The ginseng body is pressed into square shape due to the processing and packing, and the connection with the reed head is not concave, the lower end is flattened with several obvious longitudinal ribs, the surface is brownish-red or yellowish-brown, the texture is solid, the section is smooth and bright, the smell is strong and fragrant, the taste is slightly bitter and sweet. Koryo white ginseng has yellowish-white or light brown surface, the texture is softer than that of Koryo red ginseng, the cross-section has a rounded center, the aroma is slightly light, and the taste is slightly sour.

2. Domestic ginseng

The main root is cylindrical in shape with yellowish surface and intermittent transverse lines in the upper part. The rhizome is 2?6 centimeters long, 0.5?1.5 centimeters in diameter, with sparse bowl-shaped stem scars and one to several adventitious roots. There are 2-6 branch roots, the ends of which are divergent, and there are many slender whisker-like roots with tiny wart-like projections, commonly known as pearl points. Ginseng is processed and concocted before it can be used in clinical practice. Commonly used domestic commercial ginseng, the specific identification methods are as follows:

(1) red ginseng: the main root is fusiform or cylindrical, length of 5?20 cm or so, diameter 0.7?2 cm. The surface is brownish-red, translucent, occasionally with opaque dark brown patches, with longitudinal wrinkles, the ring is not very obvious, there are traces of branched roots, the tip of the rhizome (rete), 1?4 cm long, earthy yellow, with a bowl-shaped stem protruding marks 4?6. Hard and brittle, flat section, horny, brownish-red, with a light-colored center. Aroma, taste at first slightly bitter, then sweet

(2)Borderline ginseng: traits similar to red ginseng, generally characterized by long body diameter round, rhizome and branch roots longer.

(3)Sugar ginseng: the main root is 3.5?12 centimeters long and 0.6?2 centimeters in diameter. The surface is light yellow, with more intermittent rings at the upper end, and a bit of peeling epidermis and traces of fine roots all over the body. The section is flat, powdery, yellowish-white, sometimes with yellowish rings near the bast, often with radial fissures in the center. Gas slightly fragrant, taste taste sweet and slightly bitter. Recommended reading: teach you how to choose ginseng to identify the quality of ginseng

(4) white ginseng: traits similar to sugar ginseng, better shape, similar to wild ginseng, but more straight body, the rhizome is longer than the red ginseng, baleen root dispersion, short and brittle.

(5) raw sun ginseng: the main root is 3?10 centimeters long, 0.3?2 centimeters in diameter. Surface gray-yellow, with black-brown transverse and longitudinal lines, fine branch roots and fibrous roots have been removed, but only traces remain. The texture is brittle, light, the section is flat, white, with radial fissures. Aromatic, bitter and sweet. If there is a complete rhizome and fibrous roots, it is known as "Whole Shengtan Ginseng".

(6) white dried ginseng: the epidermis of the main root has been removed, the body surface is light yellow, or similar to white, the upper end of the horizontal lines are not obvious, but you can see the shallow longitudinal lines and traces of the branch roots. Other traits are similar to those of raw ginseng.

(7) pinch skin ginseng: the main root is 5?12 centimeters long, 1.2?2.5 centimeters in diameter, the surface is light yellow, the upper end of the ring pattern is not very obvious, but you can see a lot of processing caused by the concave point. The branched root is light brown, and the branched root and the fibrous root are tied with a fine thread in the shape of a cow's tail. The section is white. The odor is fragrant, and the taste is sweet and slightly bitter.

(8) Dali ginseng: the main root is 5?15 centimeters long, the surface is light yellow, translucent. There are obvious longitudinal lines, the upper end has brown transverse lines. The fine branch roots and fibrous roots are removed. The texture is hard and brittle, the section is flat and transparent and horny. Aromatic and bitter flavor.

3. Wild ginseng

Wild ginseng is also called mountain ginseng. Its main root is both thick and short, similar to the length of the rhizome, with two main branches, shaped like the human body, with fine and deep transverse ring lines. The rootstock is slender, generally 3?9 centimeters in length, twisted in the upper part, customarily called "wild goose neck reed", reed bowl is dense, the lower part is smooth without reed bowl, commonly known as "round reed". The fibrous roots are sparse, 1?2 times the length of the main root, flexible and not easy to break, with more obvious wart-like protrusions.

The processed wild ginseng commodities are raw sun ginseng, sugar ginseng and pinched skin ginseng. Its traits are similar to the corresponding ginseng commodities except for the whole shape. The best products are those with large branches, sufficient pulp, fine lines, long reeds, dense bowls, round reeds and pearl points.

4. Migratory ginseng

The beginning of the body is similar to that of wild ginseng, the main difference is that the lower part of the main root is often fatter, the texture is coarse and shallow, and it continues to the middle of the main root, and there are fewer pearl points in the fibrous roots. There are three kinds of processed ginsengs, namely, sun-dried ginseng, sugar ginseng and pinched skin ginseng.

All in all, in these names, different forms of commercial ginseng, no matter how the method of processing, always long body, large branch, reed long for the best, on the contrary, those who are thin, reed short or sugar overweight, the quality of the second.

Two, wild ginseng and garden ginseng characteristics of identification

1, reed: most of the ginseng are round reed, because the age of the longer, the upper reed bowl gradually disappeared, and the formation of cylindrical, and thus known as the round reed, reed body joints tight, the upper part of the four sides of the natural growth of the reed bowl (bead knot), the bowl of the overedge of the flute, shaped like a horse's teeth, because of the name of the horse's teeth reed, very few of them have to grow bamboo reed and reed line. Most of the artificially planted round ginsengs do not have round reed, and most of them have fewer bowls on one or both sides of the reed.

2, taro: ginseng taro is mostly date-pit shaped, hanging down, not upward, such as the birth of more than two branches of the intergrowth. The taro of round ginseng is thicker and thinner, like a ginseng leg, not drooping downward, but stretching upward or sideways. Recommended reading: ginseng pharmacological efficacy and types of ginseng how to identify ginseng good and bad

3, body: ginseng body more rhombic short horizontal body. The body of the ginseng is more rhombic and short horizontal body, that is, the long body is also more thick and thin spirit body. But there are very few stupid bodies. Garden ginseng more smooth long body, there are short horizontal body also show stupid.

4, lines: the lines of the ginseng is fine and deep, especially in the shoulder is more dense and tight, and more spiral. Garden ginseng lines are generally sparse and shallow, (many years old species of ginseng) is more coarse horizontal lines, but the lines are more broken and not continuous.

5, skin: mountain ginseng skin and knot, light and not coarse. The outer skin of ginseng is rough and tender, and the outer skin of ginseng at the bottom of the pool is even rougher.

6, legs: mountain ginseng legs only 1-2, three rarely, its legs on the thick and thin, relatively uniform. Round ginseng legs more or thick or thin, uneven thickness, two legs and a place, and big long legs or short thick legs.

7, the ginseng of the beard has obvious small bumps, commonly known as "pearl top", is one of the characteristics of ginseng. And because of the long years of growth, the fiber is tight and soft, not easy to break, chewing like hemp is not easy to break. The beard of ginseng is short and tender and brittle, more clumps like brush broom, old ginseng also has pimples, but not obvious. In short, the wild mountain ginseng, because of its natural growth in the mountains, each branch of different shapes and weights, and therefore difficult to identify the method of standardization, the root root of the above seven points of reference one by one, in order to be identified.

Wild mountain ginseng and garden ginseng identification song under fine reed round on the horse teeth, brocade pattern deep order is not mixed, the body is like a rhombus two legs, beard special pearl pimples, skin fine and firm light is not brown, the ginseng taro smooth life under the drooping tie, ginseng fiber is difficult to break, chewing is not broken messy as a hemp. Garden ginseng identification song garden ginseng reed bowl on both sides, pendant beard on the thick to the side, body shape long smooth show stupid, texture intermittent line is not deep, rough and loose outer skin and tender, short and brittle beard without pearl. Western ginseng texture solid heavy, section obvious chrysanthemum heart. North Korean ginseng reed two batch head, section solid color brown-red.

These knowledge can be collected, when you need to use, can help your favor!