How to raise fish?

Rotten gill disease is caused by myxococcus. After suffering from gill diseases, tropical fish move slowly, lose color, lose luster, lose appetite, turn black, and have a layer of mucus and dirt on their gills. With the development of the disease, the outer branchial silk changes from bright red to white, and gradually decays and falls off. With the decay of the outer gill filaments, the inner gill filaments also began to decay. The inner epidermis of branchial lid bone is congested, and the central bone is necrotic and falls off. In severe cases, the whole gill cover begins to rot and eventually leads to death.

Prevention and cure method

Fish that are sick and not sick are caught in another fish tank with 3 ppm nitrofurazone solution at the same time, and feeding is stopped for 1-2 days, then a small amount of fresh bait is fed, and normal feeding is gradually resumed. This method is more effective, and the sick fish can return to normal in a week or so. If a fish is too sick to recover, it should be thrown away. The original fish tank was soaked and disinfected with 3 ppm potassium permanganate solution.

2. erythroderma

Erythroderma is caused by Trichomonas fluorescens. After tropical fish suffer from erythroderma, their physique drops obviously, their appetite drops, their actions are slow, and they swim alone in the water. The surface of the fish is bleeding and inflamed, and the scales fall off, especially on the sides and abdomen of the fish. Fish gills are congested. Fin rot, severe cases of gill cover epidermis rot off, gill cover transparent, a week or so can die.

Prevention and cure method

Soaking fish and fish tanks with 20 ppm potassium permanganate solution or 3 ppm bleaching powder solution can play a role in disinfection and sterilization.

3. Vertical scale disease

Vertical scale disease is caused by trichomonas. Vertical scale disease is a highly contagious fish disease, but if tropical fish is strong and its skin is not damaged, it will not be contagious. After tropical fish suffer from this disease, the skin of the whole body is rough, and the scales of the whole body stand up and open outward. Fish suffering from this disease will also be accompanied by complications such as rotten gills and bleeding at the root of fins. Sick fish have difficulty breathing, slow movement and loss of appetite. If not treated in time, it will cause a large number of deaths.

4. White spot disease

Symptoms: The diseased fish is dull in appearance, often washed in water or scratched on rocks, and the body surface is covered with white or light gray spots. The diseased fish has cross infection and secondary infection. There are two common pathogens: one is similar to the small melon worm in fresh water, and the surface of the sick fish is white; One is Trichinella elliptica, and the surface of the sick fish is light gray spots, which is not easy to cure.

Prevention and control methods:

(1) When the water temperature rises to 30℃, the parasite will burst out and separate from the fish automatically. This method has a good therapeutic effect on the sick fish infected with white spot disease for the first time, but it has no obvious effect on the sick fish infected with white spot disease for the second time, so it must be soaked and washed with drugs at the same time.

(2) Soak the new brick in urine for 24 hours, dry it and put it in an aquarium. After 10 hour, the white spots on the fish expanded, and after 10 hour, the white spots on the body surface could be seen to fall off one after another, with good results.

(3) Soak the sick fish in fresh water, which is composed of 9 parts of fresh water and 1 part of seawater. The soaking time is 0.5 seconds to 2 minutes. Pay attention to the adaptability of fish, and when the fish is under pressure, move into the sea immediately.

(4) put 10kg seawater into a glass jar, add 0.05 g copper sulfate, ventilate and soak the sick fish for 5-8 minutes. After 24 hours, the body expression points will fall off. This method has a good effect on the fish with the first disease, but it has no obvious effect on the fish with the second infection.

5. Rotten fins and skin diseases

Symptoms: the diseased fish has incomplete fins, scales falling off the body surface, skin rot and superficial ulcers. The cause of the disease may be that ornamental fish in seawater compete for territory, fight with each other, or do not adapt to new water, resulting in skin damage of fins and cross-infection of bacteria, especially after putting new fish into the aquarium of existing fish.

Prevention and control methods:

① Put 2 pieces of cephalosporin or 4-5 pieces of furazolidone into 10 kg seawater to soak the sick fish 10- 15 minutes.

② In 10 kg seawater, release 0.2 g potassium permanganate and soak the sick fish for 5 5- 10/0min.

6. Oral filariasis

Oral filariasis is parasitic on skin and gills, and there are 1 layer of milky white mucus on gills and body surfaces. Cloudy, so it is also called Baiyun disease. The cheeks are red and the skin is red, swollen and dull. Sick fish have difficulty breathing, swim slowly, lose weight gradually and often die in large numbers. The suitable breeding water temperature for oral filariasis is 65438 02-20℃, which mostly occurs in February-May.

2 common diseases ~

Copper sulfate, potassium permanganate, mercurous nitrate and salt can be used for treatment.

7. Papaya disease

Many small white spots can be seen on the body surface, fins and gills of sick fish; So it is also called white spot disease. Fish are densely parasitized by a large number of small melon worms to form white spot vesicles, which can cover the whole body in severe cases. In the later stage, the body surface is covered with a white film, with increased mucus and dull body color. Sick fish are thin, floating on the water or in the corner of the cluster, and rarely move. Cucurbitaceae plants have obvious seasonality, and the water temperature of 15-2Q℃ is the most suitable for cucurbitaceae plants to reproduce. When the water temperature rises to 26-28℃ or falls below 10℃, the development stops and a large number of larvae die above 28℃. It is very popular in Beijing from March to May.

therapeutic method

A, raise the water temperature to 28 degrees Celsius, and after a few days, the small melon worms will break and fall off. At this time, replace fresh water and keep the water temperature, and the sick fish will basically recover.

B, choose 0.05%~0.07% mercuric chloride solution to treat diseased fish for 5 ~ 65438 05 minutes for 2~3 days, and the effect is good.

C, "urine brick", the new brick is soaked in urine for 24 hours, dried and put into the aquarium stage of sick fish, and it will take effect in a few days.

8. Trichinellosis

Trichinella spiralis parasitizes on the skin and gills of fish, which increases local secretions and gradually forms a white fog film, which can spread to the whole body in severe cases. The diseased fish is emaciated, and fin atrophy cannot be completely relieved. Diffusion, dyspnea, floating head.

Potassium permanganate and salt can be used for treatment.

9. Wheel disease

Rotifers are mainly parasitic on gills and also on fins or heads; Sick fish are thin, dull, have difficulty breathing and swim slowly, and often float on the water.

Methylene blue, salt and formalin can be used for treatment.

10. Bubble disease

Bubbles appear on the skin and fins of fish, which will fester in severe cases and lose ornamental value. Due to the supersaturation of dissolved oxygen in water, a large amount of oxygen forms microbubbles. Bubbles attached to fish will get sick. There are too many phytoplankton in the water, the tap water is directly exposed to the sun, and the aquarium is placed on the radiator in the south window. We should eliminate the causes and prevent the occurrence of diseases.

Bubble disease appeared on the fish, so the sick fish should be fished out in time and put into bubble-free water to make the tiny bubbles disappear. If it is not fished out in time, the tiny bubbles on the diseased fish can be connected in series to form large bubbles, which is difficult to treat.

1 1. Cold

The water temperature changed suddenly, and the fish was suddenly stimulated by unbearable cold. Fish don't move at the bottom of the water, but float on the surface in severe cases. The skin and donor lose their original luster, the color is dim, and the fins stick together and cannot be stretched. Tropical fish are prone to this disease, so we must pay attention to prevention.

12. Eye diseases

Exophthalmos and bleeding of fish; Sick fish can be soaked in 1% salt water. The fish eye lens is turbid, blind or detached, and it is invaded by parasites, which is difficult to treat.

Be careful not to bring fish, insects, aquatic plants and snails from freshwater fish ponds into fish tanks.

13. Poisoning by mistake

Most of them are pesticide poisoning. For example, in order to beautify the environment, put the fish tank, aquarium and flowerpot together, and when spraying pesticides on the flowerpot to kill insects, I didn't think of fish, and the fish tank didn't move or cover; Spray pesticides into the fish tank to poison the fish. When cleaning the filter cotton, rinse it with clear water and never soak it in washing powder or soap.

14. bacterial decay

Local or most of the diseased fish body surface is red, swollen and congested; Descaling; The base of fin is congested, the tip of fin is corroded, and the tissue between fins is destroyed; Erythema often appears on the upper and lower jaws, and the epidermis of the fin cover sometimes rots, exposing the fin cover bone. The disease is prevalent in late spring and early summer, and sick fish swim slowly. Often alone in the water, he died soon.

Furacillin, bleaching powder and antibiotics can be used for treatment.

15. Cotton mouth disease is also called rotten mouth disease. White cotton-wool hyphae grow around the mouth of sick fish, which is also called white mouth disease. Fish that eat algae by touching the box wall with their mouths are prone to this disease and infection. Sick fish can't eat, swim slowly and feebly, and die.

Timely treatment is necessary. Soak the sick fish with penicillin or chlortetracycline solution, or with 10ppm oxytetracycline solution. Aquariums, fishing nets and tools are soaked in 0. 1% formaldehyde solution for disinfection.

16. Water mold is also called white disease; Water mold invaded from the wound of fish, began to parasitize on the epidermis, gradually penetrated into the muscle, absorbed the nutrition of fish, and multiplied in large numbers, producing gray or bluish-white hyphae (cotton silk visible to the naked eye). Inflammation, congestion, necrosis and ulceration of the wound in the parasitic part; Sick fish often rub the affected area with cylinder wall, gravel or aquatic plants, and finally die of exhaustion. The disease can occur all year round, and it is most popular in early spring and late autumn. Young fish that are scratched and frostbitten are susceptible; Fish eggs that are not fertilized and have poor embryo vitality are also easy to parasitize.

Treatment method:

A, sprinkle the mixed solution of 250g salt and 250g baking soda on the fish tank of 100cm x 55cm x 45cm several times, and the effect is remarkable.

B, dissolve 0.3g malachite green or methylene blue in 100kg water, soak and clean the fish body 10 ~ 20min, and the mycelium can fall off after a few days.

C, 2%-3% salt water immersion, once a day, 5- 10 minutes each time.

D. Mix two parts per million (2ppm) of potassium permanganate with 1% salt water and soak the sick fish for 20-30 minutes.

E, improve the water temperature, inhibit the growth of water mold. Moreover, a 15W ultraviolet lamp can be used for several hours every day, which can effectively inhibit and eliminate water mold.

17. This disease is also called echinococcosis; The head of the iron anchor worm drills into the skin and muscles of the fish, and the worm hangs on the fish like a short needle. When the worm is pulled out, an iron anchor-like head can be seen. The affected part is red and swollen with erythema and necrosis, which is easy to be invaded by germs. Sick fish are impatient, lose appetite and lose weight. Anchorage fleas can breed at the water temperature of 15-33℃, and the epidemic period is very long, which is easy to parasitize larger fish. Trichlorfon and potassium permanganate can be used for treatment.