The school appearance of Jinling University

The campus of Huiwen Academy was originally built on the dry river in Nanjing. The first building, named "Bell Tower", was designed by John Calvin Ferguson, the first president. At that time, it was called "three-story foreign firm" by Nanjing people. Chapel, youth hall, etc. It was built one after another, and later served as the middle school department. Now it is the campus of Jinling Middle School.

19 10 After the merger and renaming of Jinling University, the American church raised funds to purchase 2,340 mu of land on the southwest slope of the Drum Tower for new school buildings. At the same time, China government donated 100 mu of land to Professor Joseph Bailie of Tianjin University. 19 13 new york architect C.X.C completed the campus planning, and then American architect. Moore, the surveyor of Hamilton) architectural firm, is responsible for the construction. 192 1 is the undergraduate department after completion. 1952 Jinling University and Nanjing University merged, and Jinlingyuan became the campus of Nanjing University.

Jinling Garden adopts the traditional architectural style of China. It was planned by John Calvin Ferguson, the principal at that time, and implemented by Walter Lin, the dean of academic affairs and an American missionary. Its shape and decoration are all with China characteristics. Taking the tower as the center, it forms an incomplete symmetrical layout, Chinese modeling and decoration, and western materials and frames. Many building materials are imported from the United States, with excellent materials. The first batch of China ethnic architecture with western style was built by combining ethnic style with advanced western architectural technology. During the period of 19 10- 1937, Jinling University planned and built a large number of magnificent buildings combining Chinese and western styles. These buildings reflect the collision and blending of Chinese and western cultures, and have great characteristics of the times. The representative buildings of Jinling University include Peking University Building, East Building, West Building, Northeast Building, Chapel, Small Auditorium, Library and Student Dormitory. These buildings are all blue brick walls, resting on the top of the mountain, covered with grey tiles, with rigorous and symmetrical architectural modeling, large depth, small windows and closed stability, which embodies the characteristics of official buildings in northern China. The Peking University Building and the Drum Tower at the top are flat, from north to south, and descend along the slope, making full use of the ups and downs of the terrain for layout and planning. The idea is not only integrated, but also patchwork, cleverly integrated into the surrounding environment, with the beauty of natural integration. The whole building complex is hidden among the dense trees and beaded flowers in the four seasons. Spring and summer are different, and the scenery is different, and the old buildings that have remained unchanged for a hundred years are even more calm and elegant.

Peking University Building (tower, now the administrative building of Nanjing University Gulou Campus), the landmark building of Nanjing University, is also a symbol of Nantah. The North Building was built in 19 17 and completed in 19 19. Designed by American architect A. G. Small, it has a brick-wood structure with two floors above ground and one floor underground/kloc-0, with a building area of 3,473 square meters. The roof is commonly used in China's architecture, with thick walls and small windows of grey tiles and blue bricks. The main building has two floors and the tower has five floors, towering and abrupt. The tower rests on the top of the mountain on all sides, and there are small animals on the top ridge. This is the most complicated roof style in traditional buildings in China. The door faces south, and there is a wide walkway with drums on both sides. The lobby is painted with flying cranes and hung with crystal palace lanterns. This building has a unique shape and combines the architectural styles of the East and the West. Although not high, it is dignified and official. It is surrounded by green trees. The lawn in front of the door is flat and open, and the back of the building is pure blue sky. The wall is covered with vines, like a green windbreaker, with a solemn and elegant posture, which has become a major landscape of the campus. After Nantah moved the administrative building to Xianlin Campus, Peking University Building was converted into a museum. As a landmark building of Nanjing University, Peking University Building was selected in the list of "48 Scenes of New Jinling" in 2005, and was selected again in 20 12.

The chapel (now the auditorium of Nanjing University) was designed by Perkins School of Architecture in Chicago, USA on March 28th 19 17, undertaken by Chen BenQ Architectural Factory, and completed on June 8th, 5438+09 18. 1958, a hall was built at the entrance of the gate. It is the earliest existing building in Jinling University. This building is modeled after an ancient temple. Two floors above ground, brick and wood structure. The main building rests on the top of the mountain, with a hard roof attached. The roof decoration is made of blue bricks, covered with butterfly tiles and carved with clear water bricks. There are brick carved mountain flowers on the gable on one side of the roof, which are auspicious patterns with round swastikas. The eaves are decorated with exquisite flowers. The outer wall is made of Ming Dynasty wall bricks, and there are still inscriptions on the city bricks, which are heavy and have a sense of history. The main entrance is highlighted by four small buildings, with two sides separated in pairs and adjacent to the front three doors. The whole auditorium adopts the architectural style of basilica-style church, with a single floor and large space. The eaves on the north and south sides of the auditorium each have a birthday pattern, and the pattern group is in the center, but it is different when you look closely. There is a brick-carved bat in the middle of Ruyi tattoo, which means happiness. On the hard gable, there are still red Xiao Mu walls and gray tiles arranged in lace shape, and their external colors and architectural styles echo the three buildings in the east, west and north in the distance. The red-crowned crane with painted ceiling and the red crown on the top of the audience, with long legs, light steps and elegant manners, is honored as a crane in China, which is a symbol of good luck, nobility and longevity. As the lecture hall of Nanjing University, in the new cultural time and space, French President Mitterrand, Australian Prime Minister Hawke and former American President George H.W. Bush all gave speeches here.

The church (now the church or auditorium of Nanjing University) was built in 1923, and was jointly designed by China architect Qi, American scholars and Hamilton Architects. The roof is a rest peak, a single-family building and an arched door. The top three sides of the door are surrounded by bricks, which can not only support the wall, but also play a decorative role. The lintel and window frame are decorated with stone carvings and western patterns. There is a pair of drum-hugging stones in front of the door, with Dan-shaped stones inlaid between the steps, which are engraved with patterns. The small auditorium is exquisite and exquisite, with the flavor of southern China architecture. There is an archway in front of the small auditorium, with a bronze bell hanging on it. When Jinling University is in class, the bell will ring every day. Now there are stone chairs, tables and a half round garden in front of the door.

East Building, located in the southeast of Peking University Building, formerly known as Science Museum, was built in 19 13. It was designed by Qi and built by a construction factory. The building area is 3905 square meters. The plane is rectangular and has an internal corridor layout. The building has three floors above ground and one underground, and is made of brick and wood structure. The architectural design adopts the architectural form of northern China, with the top of the mountain, tile roof, middle ridge of the roof and towering middle part. The outer wall is made of blue bricks with ordinary gray joints. There is a protruding door cover at the entrance of the building. Entering the hall, the bronze sculptures of twelve constellations printed on the floor of the hall can best reflect the western style of this building. The roof of a building was destroyed by a fire in the 1950s. 1958 Repair.

Northeast building, south of East building. Built in 1935, undertaken by Chen BenQ Construction Factory. The building area is 1726.4 m2. Mixed structure, four stories high, rolled shed roof, tile roof. The outer wall is made of smoked clay bricks. The entrance of the building leads directly to the second floor. Now it is the office building of the Department of Geology, and beautiful strange stones are displayed in the corridor on the first floor.

West Building, formerly named Peiyili Building, is located in the southwest of Peking University Building. It was named "Peiyililou" to commemorate Joseph Bailie, the founder of agricultural science and an American. The building was built in 1925, designed by Perkins Institute of Architecture in Chicago, USA, and built by Chen BenQ Architecture Factory. The building area is 3604 square meters, the plane is rectangular and the layout is corridor-style. The building has two floors above ground and one underground, with brick and wood structure. Inclined mountain and tile roof. The bottom of the building is the wall brick of Ming Dynasty, and the upper part is the smoke clay brick. Crushed bluestone for footstool and lintel of doors and windows, white marble main entrance, carved door with red paint, door head paved with grey tiles, dragon and ridged beast with teeth.

The library (now the old library and school history museum of Nanjing University) is located on the south side of Peking University Building, which together with Peking University Building constitutes the central axis of Jinling University campus, and other buildings are basically located on both sides of this central axis. Built in 1936, it was designed by Yang Tingbao, the architect of Ji Tai Engineering Office, and built by Chen BenQ Construction Factory. The building area is 2626 square meters. Two floors above ground, one underground, reinforced concrete structure, rest peak, blue tile roof, blue brick wall. The building plane is cross-shaped. The middle of the first floor is the main entrance, facing north, and there are book editing office buildings and small reading rooms on both sides. In the middle of the second floor is the borrowing room, and on both sides are large reading rooms. The external treatment of the library is similar to that of several other buildings. In memory of Dr. William who was killed by the Northern Expeditionary Army, some people once called it the "Literature Library".

There are four student dormitories (now the office building and teaching building of Foreign Languages Institute), which are called Ding Bing Building, Wuji Geng Building and Ren Xin Building respectively. Built in 1925. Chen BenQ Construction Factory undertook the construction. Brick-wood structure, rolling roof, tile roof and external wall are built with smoked clay bricks. Buildings A and B have the same area as buildings C and D, with a construction area of 755 square meters. Wuji Geng Building has the same scale as Renxin Building, with a construction area of 65,438+0,685 square meters. (Image source) The former site of Jinling University (including the Bell Tower of Huiwen College) was selected as the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units in 2006. 2065438+2003 65438+2003 became one of the 65438+206 historical blocks in the old city of Nanjing. The planning name is Jinling University Historic District. See.

The former site of Jinling University is located in the Gulou Campus of Nanjing University, No.22, hankou road, Gulou District, Nanjing, with a long and profound history. The former Jinling University complex, which was built from 19 16 to 1937, was designed and built by American architects and China architects who returned from studying in the United States and Europe, respectively. It was characterized by the palace-style architecture in the Qing Dynasty and centered on the tower (north tower). There are North Building, East Building, West Building, Auditorium and Small Auditorium. There are more than ten old libraries and dormitory buildings. These buildings extend from north to south. Go down the slope and blend in with the surrounding environment. This kind of building, which makes full use of the ups and downs of natural terrain, has a unique style, patchwork and simple beauty. Buildings are generally thick walls with grey tiles and blue bricks. Except for the red side of the roof and the carved brick walls in details, there are no carved beams and painted buildings, which are simple, natural and unpretentious. Although the architectural form is a tradition in China, the disharmony between the regular and wide lawns, abrupt towers and the whole building of the group reflects the aesthetic taste of westerners. These buildings are not between dense trees and beaded flowers. The four seasons are different and the scenery is different. The only constant is the elegant style of the old building.

The architecture of the Republic of China in Nanjing University is dignified and vigorous in the north and smart and delicate in the south. It has both western style and Chinese appearance. Therefore, the architecture of the Republic of China in Nantah is a typical combination of Chinese and Western culture, and it is the epitome of China's architectural art in this specific historical period.