What flowers are there in Japan?

Category: arbor

Alias: Edo Sakura Tokyo Sakura

Family name: Rosaceae

Latin scientific name: mountain peach

Ecological habit

Hi, Guangming. I like fertile, deep, slightly acidic soil with good drainage, and neutral soil can adapt to it, and it is not tolerant of salt and alkali. Cold-resistant, like the environment with high air humidity. Shallow root system, avoid water accumulation and low humidity. Poor resistance to smoke and harmful gases.

morphological character

Deciduous tree with dark brown and smooth bark every year; Branchlets are hairy when they are young. The leaves are ovoid to obovate, 5- 12cm long, sharp, the base of the leaves is round to broad wedge, the tip is thin, the leaf margin has double serrations, and the back and petiole of the leaves have pilose veins. Flowers white to pale pink, 2-3 cm in diameter, often single, slightly fragrant; Calyx tube tubular and hairy; Pedicel ca. 2 cm long, pubescent; 3-6 flowers are arranged in short racemes. Drupe, subglobose, black. Flowers bloom in April, before or at the same time as leaves.

Breeding and cultivation

inapplicable

Garden use

When this variety blooms in spring, all the trees are beautiful, but the flowering period is very short, which can only last 1 week and then wither. Suitable for planting on hillsides, courtyards, in front of buildings and beside gardens.

Distribution of origin

Native to Japan, it is widely cultivated in China, especially in cities in North China and the Yangtze River valley.

Cold cherry blossom

The name was chosen because of its strong color. More like cherry blossoms than cherry blossoms. When flowering, the petals are bell-shaped downward. In addition, nectar will be secreted when flowering, attracting many butterflies to spread pollen. This kind of cherry blossom is distributed in southern China and Taiwan Province Province besides Japan. There are many plants in the warm zone of Japan, but some people say that this cherry blossom in Okinawa is wild. The flowering period is165438+ from late October to early February (Okinawa) and middle March (Tokyo).

Ishigaki cherry

Because this cherry blossom is widely distributed in Izu Oshima, it is named. Strong sea breeze resistance and early growth period. There are no fine hairs on flowers and leaves, and there is an elegant fragrance when they bloom. Petals are about 2cm long and leaves are 8- 13cm long. The white flowers are very beautiful against the green leaves. The leaves of this cherry blossom are also used to wrap "cherry cake" snacks. The flowering period is in late March (Izu Oshima, South Izu) and early April (Tokyo).

Yamazakura

Cherry blossoms are white and purple, while leaf buds are purple, brown and yellowish green. The color contrasts with the hue of leaves and buds, which has a very elegant temperament. This kind of cherry tree has a long life, so many of them are designated as natural monuments by various places. Mainly distributed in the southern half of Japan, mostly in mountainous areas. The flowering period is from mid-March to late March (Kagoshima), early to mid-April (Kyoto and Tokyo) and late April (Matsushima).

Dashanying

Distributed in the Japanese archipelago except Kyushu and Okinawa. Suitable for cold regions, so there are many places in Hokkaido and Northeast China, and there are many places in kanto region, such as sunshine. Like cherry blossoms, there are white spots on the back of leaves, which are thicker than cherry blossoms. These flowers are big and look beautiful. This flower is also called "Riccardo Chailly Mountain Sakura" and "Hongshan Sakura". The flowering period is from late April to early May (sunlight).

Ying Xia

Xia Ying and Shan Ying are very similar, but there are no white spots behind the leaves. In addition, there are many fine hairs on flower stalks, flower stalks and leaves. Petals are usually white, and only when the mountain cherry and the mountain cherry spread out do they begin to bloom. Cherry blossoms are widely distributed in Japan, and are also planted in Hokkaido, Honshu and Shikoku. The flowering period is from early April to mid-April (Mishima City), mid-April to late April (Tokyo), late April (Fukushima), mid-May (Zhongguang) and late May (Hokkaido).

Edo coast

The shape of calyx tube is very distinctive, the lower part is round and protrudes into a pot. Early flowering, named after staged flowering in spring. Petals are about 1cm long, and the colors are pure white and reddish purple, but red is more common. This kind of cherry tree is very robust and very old, and many of them are as tall as 15-20 meters. The flowering period is from late March (Tokyo), mid-April (Sendai and Kanazawa) and from late April to early May (Morioka).

Sakura branch

Because of its beautiful patterns and high appreciation value, it is also famous abroad. The stem is about 2.5cm, the color is pale pink, and it looks like white when it is in full bloom. Almost all cherry blossoms have drooping varieties, but generally speaking, drooping cherry blossoms refer to this kind of cherry blossoms. Except for the drooping cherry branches, it is no different from Sakura on the other side of Edo. In addition, there are drooping varieties such as "orange" and "cherry blossom". The flowering period is in late March (Tokyo).

Xiaopei' an

The petiole is short, the lower part of calyx tube is slightly raised, and the flowers open downwards. This kind of cherry blossom is a hybrid of Sakura Edo and Sakura Bean. With thin branches, it is more suitable for planting in a small garden than the cherry trees on the other side of Edo. Just like its name, it produces lovely reddish flowers in early spring, and these flowers are often cut off as decorative plum blossoms. The flowering period is in late March (Miyagi), early April (Tokyo, Kanazawa), middle April (Morioka) and early May (Songyuan).

Morii Yoshiki

This kind of cherry blossom is a hybrid of Dashan Sakura and Edo Sakura. There are many fine hairs on the petiole, calyx tube and sepals. The upper part of calyx tube is thin and the buds are pink. Red and white flowers bloom before the leaves grow out, giving people a very gorgeous impression. It is widely planted in parks and schools and is now the most popular cherry blossom all over Japan. The flowering period is early April (Kyoto, Tokyo) and late April to mid-May (Morioka, Hokkaido).

Bean cherry

Most of them grow on the mountains centered on Mount Fuji and Hakone-machi, so they are also called "Fuji Sakura" and "Hakone-machi Sakura". The distribution ranges from August in the north, Izu Peninsula in the south and Fangzong Peninsula in the east. The color is white and reddish, and the stem is about 2.5CM. People often cut off cherry branches and plant them as bonsai. The flowering period is from early March to early May (local) and from late March to early April (Tokyo).

Drug name: Japanese cherry blossom

Source: Japanese cherry bark, dicotyledonous plant medicine.

Efficacy: dispersing lung and relieving cough.

Indications: Used for cough and fever.

Nature and taste return to meridian: pungent and flat. Lung meridian

Administration and dosage: Oral: decocted, 3-9g.

Distribution of animal and plant resources: native to Japan, now cultivated in various parts of China.

Latin name: Japanese cherry blossoms.

Textual research: It was first published in Illustration of Higher Plants in China.

Chemical components of traditional Chinese medicine: bark and wood contain 5- glucoside and 5- rhamnoside of gentisic acid, cherry glycoside and wood contain d- catechin; The stems and leaves contain quercetin 3- galactoside; The young leaves contain coumarin, trans -o- hydroxycinnamic acid glucoside and cyanoside; The seed kernel contains 32% fatty oil, mainly α -aleuritic acid and sitosterol.

Why is Japan called "the country of cherry blossoms"?

There are hundreds of cherry blossoms in Japan, which are generally divided into Yoshino (red and white), Yamanaka (red and white), Oshima (white), Sakura on the other side of Edo (white or red and purple) and Sakura (red). Under the influence of temperature, cherry blossoms open from the southern tip of the warm Japanese archipelago to the north in turn along the latitude, thus forming a "cherry blossom front" that advances from south to north. There is a saying in Japan that "cherry blossoms bloom in seven days", which means that it takes about seven days for a cherry blossom to bloom and half a month for the whole cherry tree to bloom and wither completely.

In Japan, cherry blossoms are regarded as auspicious things. In traditional wedding and other festive occasions, it is often necessary to drink a kind of cherry soup soaked in salted cherry petals, which is the auspicious meaning of cherry blossoms. April, when cherry blossoms are in full bloom, is also the season of enrollment and inauguration. This is a major turning point in life, so cherry blossoms represent a bright and hopeful future image. In addition, streets, stations, towns, trademarks, meals, refreshments and soup drinks named after cherry blossoms can be seen everywhere in Japan. Writers write poems about cherry blossoms, painters draw pictures of cherry blossoms, musicians compose songs praising cherry blossoms, banks print banknotes printed with cherry blossoms, workshops make cherry blossom handicrafts, TV stations produce programs with cherry blossoms as the background, and columns are also set up to report the opening dynamics of cherry blossoms ... The charm and influence of cherry blossoms have penetrated into all fields of Japanese social life. Therefore, Japan is also called "the country of cherry blossoms".