What are the beautiful scenery in the imperial garden?

The stones piled up in the imperial garden are mountains, which are divided into two areas. There are four groups of rockfill mountain scenery in the southwest of the park, all with natural mountains as the background. According to the location and environment in the park, there are combinations of true west, southwest bend and northwest oblique.

The stacked stones are uneven. Through the combination of line and surface, height and low, curve and straight, cleverness and clumsiness, complexity and simplicity, the piled stones are varied. They have a unique and beautiful unified and harmonious form, forming many small garden spaces full of artistic flavor.

Rock foil and garden building bend, stacked stones and flowers and trees combine to form a courtyard garden, which is small and exquisite, simple and unique. The South Taihu Stone and the North Taihu Stone, which are the "fractured stones" produced in Fangshan, Beijing, are mainly cleverly matched, porous and undulating, and the mountains overlap, becoming "the land of bows, deep streams and valleys, and the potential is natural".

In the Ming Dynasty, Zeng Mianzhi mentioned in Wu Lu Feng:

Today, the richest people in Wuzhong build grotesque peaks and hidden caves with lake stones, while the nobles occupy famous islands by chiseling and embedding them in the air, which is very wonderful. Rare flowers and trees are reflected in the wrong way, although the house is decorated with small pots and islands for fun.

The beauty of stacked mountains is the soul of garden landscape.

Various stones in the royal garden are also a major feature. The main stone species are Taihu stone, Yingde stone, Lingbi stone, Yuhua stone, pumice stone, stalactite, painted pottery stone, wood fossil, crystal stone, tiger skin stone, quartzite and sedimentary metamorphic rocks, including four famous ancient stones.

On the west side of Yong Road in front of Tianyi Gate, there is a strange stone, which is famous for its naturally formed textured surface. The surface of this strange stone presents the image of a bowing old man. His hands are arched, his long sleeves are drooping, and he worships the stars in the sky devoutly, so he is called "Yue Bai Stone".

There is also a legend that the old man in the design is Zhuge Liang, with his hands arched and absorbed in the Big Dipper in the sky, so he called this stone "Zhuge worships the Big Dipper".

Sea cucumber stone is located on the east side of Tianyimen in the Imperial Garden, and is composed of many small stones in the shape of sea cucumber. The stone is 0.76 meters high and 0.25 meters high. The whole stone body is like countless sea cucumbers end to end. The stone is yellowish brown and slightly translucent, which is really a rare boutique.

There is no way to prove why this strange stone appeared, but according to relevant historical records, it was placed during the construction of the imperial garden in Jingtai, Ming Dynasty. Its stone is a timely crystal string, which is indeed a rare treasure in the world.

The coral stone stands on the east side of Tianyimen in the Royal Garden, paired with another coral stone on the west side. Coral stone is the calcareous skeleton of ancient corals, and it is a fossil. The surface of this coral stone looks like velvet antler, which looks very plump, as if the coral is still thriving.

Yunpen Stone, also known as Stone Fish Pond, is located in the middle of the imperial garden. Length 1.9 m, bluish gray, loose texture. The whole stone looks like a long lying basin with a low depression in the middle, such as a long lake and a cloud basin. This is a strange stone that grows in limestone caves.

When water continuously erodes and flows on the rock wall, calcium carbonate dissolves in the water, and the water containing calcium carbonate slowly evaporates, and calcium carbonate is deposited. Due to the continuous flow of water, cloud-like concave corrugated grooves are formed during the deposition process, which is the formation process of cloud basin. In the Ming Dynasty, each trough of the cloud basin was filled with water to raise fish, so it was also called "stone fish pond".

On the stone platform in front of Jiang Xuexuan, the royal garden, stands a wooden board with a height of 1.3 meters. It looks like a rotten wood that has been exposed to the sun for a long time, and there are countless moth-eaten holes on the back, but when you touch it with your hand, it is really a stone, an ancient wood fossil.

The front of this wood fossil is engraved with a poem written by Qianlong:

If you don't remember the day when you threw yourself into the river, it will be a year of change.

Knock and knock, but the joints are still there.

The lateral branches are completely withered, and they grow straight and strengthen themselves.

Although 30-year-old Kanggan is a tribute, he has lost this peak.

This poem was written in the first month of Qianlong Xu Bing, and it has been more than 200 years since then.

There is also a dragon-shaped stone in front of the imperial garden, which is 0.8 meters high, blue-gray, rich in wrinkles, smooth in lines and vivid in image. It looks like a galloping dragon, looking up at the sky with its head held high. According to textual research, it is a treasure in stone and can be heard.

On the west side of Qin 'an Hall in the Imperial Garden, there stands a stone, which is about1.48m high,1.4m wide and less than 0.3m thick. The stone body is varied and unpredictable, like a dragon and a lion. The upper part of the stone surface is rough, the lower part is smooth, and the gullies are scattered. Azurite gray, tight stone, clear sound of hitting.

Outside the Dongbianmen on the east side of Qin 'an Temple, there stands a Lingbi stone with a height of1.97m.. The whole body is rectangular, the back is flattened, the front is criss-crossed and uneven, all of which are caused by water erosion, which makes people feel natural. The rectangular base of white marble is a square platform in Yuan Dynasty.

There is a Taihu stone in the southeast of the Royal Garden, which is about 4 meters high, showing a big and a small trend. The holes are scattered, the vortex holes are shallow, the stones are even and the color is warm. This stone is placed on a brick base.

The brick altar adopts hexagonal Sumitomo structure, and the upper part of the brick altar is surrounded by a brick hook fence with hexagonal twelve columns. According to the literature, this Taihu stone was moved in from different places, but the Taihu stone itself is very beautiful and quite antique.

On the west side of Tianyimen in the Imperial Garden, there is a huge bamboo shoot-shaped stone, which is only 0.8 meters high and is green and brown. In Chinese classical gardens, bamboo shoots are usually thin and tall, but blocky ones are rare. The stone core on the front of this stone has all fallen off, which is a sign of the maturity of bamboo shoots. This stone may come from Yunnan Shilin, which stands upright on the square octagonal white marble Sumi Mountain.

Ben Rabbit Stone is located outside Cheng Ruiting, the Imperial Garden. It is 0.42 meters high, dark gray in color, moist in surface, dense in texture and thumping. The stone body contains white veins and looks like a rabbit parked on the side. It is quiet and energetic, and it is very interesting. Put it in a carved stone basin of white marble, and there are white rabbits playing among the embossed forest stones around the basin, which is very beautiful. There are high-waisted lotus flowers under the basin to distinguish the stone carving Xumi Mountain.

The cobblestone road in the imperial garden passage is inlaid with pebbles of various colors, most of which are quartz stones of various colors. Each design has its own content, including flowers, birds, insects and fish, people's stories, trees and jungles, towers and so on. , are all wonderful. The total number is about 900 pieces, which can be said to be a masterpiece of the wisdom of ancient working people.

Entering the elegant and leisurely imperial garden from Gan Qing Palace, at the entrance of the west gate of Qiongyuan, a Taihu stone stands beside the red wall, gray and white, about 1.63 meters high, containing heavy red and white dikes and crystals. The holes in the stone body are connected and varied, and the overall shape is towering and uplifting. Taihu Stone stands on a stone platform carved with lotus branches.

There is a lake stone at the south entrance of the Royal Garden, which is 1.8m high, with a small top and a large bottom. The bottom is covered with bumps, forked into an arched frame, and stands on the table of Xumi Mountain. The stones are spirally overlapped, and the holes are hooked and exquisite. Under the stone of Taihu Lake is a hexagonal pedestal in the middle of Ming Dynasty. The stone and the base are not original. This Taihu stone may have moved here later.

There are many ancient trees in the imperial garden. According to rough statistics, there are more than 160 trees, most of which are over 300 years old. Pine and cypress stand out from the crowd.

In front of Qin 'an Temple, a cypress tree towering into the sky. The two roots of the tree are located on both sides of the central axis of the Forbidden City, and they are combined at a height of more than one meter, just above the central axis, forming a tree.

According to legend, the two trees go hand in hand automatically, with the same thoughts and unyielding determination, thus touching God and making them integrate. People call it the Lotus Tree, which symbolizes pure love, thus attracting many infatuated men and women in the world to embrace it.

On the east side of Xiushan, there is an ancient cypress named "Yin Hou". It is the most famous in the garden. This tree is 7.8 meters high and 0.9 meters in circumference. Although it is not outstanding in appearance and position, how can it win this honor?

According to legend, one year, Qianlong went down to the south of the Yangtze River, and the weather was very hot. All the ministers accompanying him were sweating, and only Qianlong was comfortable. After Emperor Qianlong returned to Korea, he came to this tree while playing in the garden. An eunuch was flattered: this tree withered when the emperor went down to the south of the Yangtze River. As soon as the emperor came back, the tree flourished again. It seems that this tree went to Jiangnan with the emperor.

When Qianlong thought about it, others were sweating on the way to Jiangnan, but he was very cool. After listening to the eunuch's words, I thought this tree was shading me in the dark, and I couldn't help but be overjoyed, so I named this Cooper "Shading Hou". Later, the "cypress trip" carved on the stone tablet was engraved on the west wall of the algae hall next to the tree.

There are many precious ancient trees in the garden, such as Wolong pine and Sophora japonica. Although these ancient trees are aging, they are still flourishing, and many people are welcome to watch and stop every day.

The royal garden is the oldest preserved palace garden, and its landscape characteristics are quite different from those of the general royal gardens with mountains and rivers as the theme, which can be summarized as four points.

First, the layout is symmetrical and rigorous. There is a clear axis in the middle of the imperial garden, and the main buildings and garden sketches are arranged relatively. For example, the buildings in the northwest of the garden, from Wei Yuzhai to Qian Qiu Pavilion, and from Li Zaotang to Wan Chunting in the northeast of the garden, are all symmetrical in form and layout, including the naming of buildings, and also adopt objectification methods, such as Jin Xiangyu, Floating Garden and Clear Water, and Wan ChunQian Qiu.

This neat layout and strict symmetry are rare in general garden buildings. The royal garden boldly adopts this form according to local conditions, mainly to coordinate with the layout of the whole Forbidden City.

However, although the architectural form and pattern are so symmetrical, people feel different because of the different treatment of rockeries, trees and environmental landscapes. It shows the superb level of ancient garden art in China.

Second, there are many ancient and famous trees. This garden has been built for a long time, so there are many coopers in Gu Song. Its picturesque posture and green color add a lot of antique beauty to this special garden.

Third, the building density is high. Generally, gardens have natural scenery such as mountains and rivers, but under the influence of patriarchal clan system, the imperial garden living in the deep palace is still an extension of the Forbidden City architecture. Therefore, there are many buildings, pavilions, halls, museums and offices in the park, showing a special garden style.

The fourth kind is colored stone pavement, which is simple and unique. The Yong Road in the park is carefully paved with pebbles of different colors, forming more than 900 different patterns, including figures, flowers, landscapes, plays, allusions and so on. It's interesting to look along this road.