Ten classic ancient texts that must be read.

Wang Jinxi

Yonghe nine years, aged in Guichou, will gather in Lanting to repair things in late spring and early spring. A group of smart people never miss, but some of them are long and salty. There are mountains here, and there are bamboo cultivation in Maolin; There is also a clear stream, which reflects left and right, thinking it is a stream, followed by a row. Although it is not as prosperous as the string of silk and bamboo, it is enough to love.

It's sunny, sunny and breezy. Looking up at the size of the universe and overlooking the variety, it's enough to enjoy watching and listening. I believe in coke.

The phase of a lady, pitching for a lifetime, or taking a bosom, realizing a room; Let the waves go because of the entrustment. Although the fun is different, the calmness is different. When they are happy with what they encounter, they will gain something from themselves temporarily, they will be self-sufficient (the same as "fast"), and they will not know the arrival of old age. What he is tired of is that his feelings are advancing with the times and his feelings are sentimental. I'm happy about it. It's a thing of the past between pitches, so I still have to be happy about it. The situation is short-lived, and it will end in the end. The ancients said, "Life and death are great." It hurts!

Every time I look at the reasons why the ancients were excited, if I unite, I will lament the article, which can't be compared to the things in my chest. Knowing that a dead life is a false birthday and the destruction of Peng Qi is a mistake. Look at the present in the future or look at the past today. Sad husband! Therefore, as soon as people go public, they record what they say. Although the world is different, they are happy and they are one. Later visitors will also be impressed by Sven.

Background On April 22nd, 353 (the third day of March 9th, Jin Yonghe), Wang Xizhi, who was then the civil history of Huiji, and 4 1 friends such as Xie An and Sun Chuo were drinking and writing poems in Ji Ya, Yinshan Lanting, Huiji.

Participants copied the poems into a collection, and everyone recommended that the convener of this gathering, the respected Wang Xizhi, write a preface to record this exquisite collection, namely "Preface to Lanting Collection".

The evaluation of Preface to Lanting Collection shows its lofty literary sentiment and unique brushwork. It reads like attending a grand event in person.

Famous experts commented on Jin Shengtan's "All Talented People in the World Must Read": This article means that life and death are very important, and today there is a ritual to read, and it is not allowed to say that there is a punch line. It is the first kind of love in ancient and modern times.

the Peach Garden

Tao Jin Yuanming

During the Jin-Tai-Yuan period, Wu Lingren took fishing as his occupation. Walk along the stream and forget the distance. Suddenly I met the peach blossom forest and grabbed the shore for hundreds of steps. There are no miscellaneous trees in it, and the grass is delicious and colorful. Fishermen are very different, so they move on and want to become poor.

If there is no water in the forest, make a mountain. The mountain has a small mouth and seems to have light. Leave the ship and enter through the mouth. Only by being narrow at first can we understand people. Take a few steps and you will be suddenly enlightened. The land is flat and spacious, so is the house. There are fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees and bamboo. The traffic in the building is so busy that chickens and dogs hear each other. Some men and women dressed like strangers. The yellow hair hangs low and enjoys itself.

Seeing the fisherman, he was shocked and asked him what he had not done. Answer it. You have to go home and set up wine to kill chickens for dinner. When the village heard about this man, Xian came to inquire. Since Master Yunzu escaped from the Qin Dynasty, he led his wife to this desperate situation and did not return, so he was separated from outsiders. You ask what this world is, and I don't know if there are any Han Chinese, regardless of Wei and Jin Dynasties. This man speaks every word with a sigh. The others went home, eating and drinking. Stop for a few days and resign. There is a saying in China: "The humanity of outsiders is not satisfactory."

Help the road when you get off the boat, and you are determined everywhere. And the county, Yi Taishou, said so. The satrap means to send someone with him to find what he wants, get lost, get lost.

Liu Ziji, a noble family, heard about it and gladly did it. If you fail, you find the disease, and then you lose interest.

Evaluation Tao Yuanming created a spiritual eternal hometown for China, where life is peaceful, there is no struggle, there is no worry, work at sunrise and rest at sunset, which is a place that everyone yearns for.

The language in the article is vivid, concise and meaningful, seemingly understated, and the peaceful and meticulous life scenes are vivid and fascinating. "lush grass and colorful England" is the entrance to romantic life.

Looking back and coming to Xi Ci (in parallel order)

Tao Jin Yuanming

My family is poor and I am not self-sufficient in farming. Naive and full of room, no millet in the bottle, born and endowed, not seen its skills. Some relatives and friends even advised Yu to be an officer, but he was pregnant and asked for the Tao. There will be things in all directions. The princes take love as their virtue, and my uncle is poor, so I use it in a small town. At that time, the wind and rain were not calm, and he was afraid to go far. Pengze went home for a hundred miles, and the benefits of the commons were full of wine. So I asked for it. And after a few days, there is a feeling of returning to China as soon as possible. What is this? Nature is nature, not obtained through revision. Although hunger and cold cut, but it is against their own diseases. Everyone who tastes from personnel is selfish. So I was disappointed, generous and deeply ashamed of my lifelong ambition. I still look forward to a glimpse, when I put away my clothes and die overnight. Sung Hoon's sister died in Wuchang, and she was relieved of her post. Mid-autumn festival to winter, more than 80 days in the official. Because things are going well, Life is called "Back to Xi". B I'm four in November.

Back in Xi, will the countryside destroy Hu Bugui? Since the heart is the form of service, isn't it sad? Without remonstrating with the past, you can pursue what you know. Not far from being lost, I feel that today is not yesterday. The ship is far away and the wind is blowing. Asking for directions, ex-husband, hate dawn.

It looks forward to Yu Heng and runs with joy. Servants are welcome and children are waiting for the door. The three paths are barren, and the pine chrysanthemum still exists. Bring children into the room, there will be wine bottles. Lead the pot to think for yourself and make the court happy. Leaning against the south window to send lofty sentiments, judge your knees to be comfortable. Garden Day includes fun, although the door is fixed and often closed. Help the old man to rest, and correct his head if he goes far. Clouds come out of holes unintentionally, and birds don't know when to fly. The scenery is coming, lonely and lingering.

Come back, please rest assured that you will never travel again. The world is against me, what can I ask for? Please love words from relatives, play music and read books to eliminate worries. The farmer told Yu Yichun that he wanted to do something with Xichou. Or a towel cart, or a boat This is not only a gentle and elegant road to find ravines, but also a rugged road through hills. Wood is thriving and spring is blooming. When everything is fine, I feel that my journey of life is over.

I don't hold grudges anymore! How long does it take to get back into space? Do you want to stay? What does Hu Wei want? Wealth is not my wish, and the emperor's hometown cannot be expected. When you are pregnant, you can go alone or plant a stick. Deng and He Lin wrote poems together. Chatting until the end, Loew's fate is ridiculous!

This is the declaration of Tao Yuanming's resignation and return to his hometown. The article has sincere feelings, simple language, harmonious syllables and natural beauty. Tao Yuanming speaks frankly, without fake paintings, and is naturally pure and amiable.

Through the description of specific scenery and activities, the author creates a quiet, comfortable, cheerful and natural artistic conception, with simple language, smooth expression, ingenious and refined, sincere feelings, far-reaching artistic conception and strong appeal.

Ouyang Xiu: Jin has no articles, but Tao Yuanming's Gui Ci is just one.

Preface to Wang Teng Pavilion

Don

Zhang Yu old county, Hongdu new home. The stars are divided into wings, and the ground is connected with Lu Heng. Three rivers and five lakes in Jin, controlling barbarians and attracting Ouyue. Wuhua Tianbao, the dragon lamp shoots the bull fighting market; Outstanding people, Xu Ru got off Chen Fan's couch. Xing Chi Cai Jun Xiongzhou fog column. At the turn of summer, the host and guest are all in the southeast. The commander-in-chief Gong Yanyi is elegant, and the halberd is in the distance; Fan Yi of Yuwen Xinzhou is temporarily stationed. Ten days holiday, win friends like a cloud; Welcome to the wedding. Teng Jiao, a poet of Meng; Purple electric paste is General Wang's armory. Home is slaughter, Tao is name; What does a boy know? Bowing is always the winner.

When Wei is in September, the sequence belongs to Sanqiu. The water is cold and the pool is clear, and the smoke is purple. Yan Yan is on the road, visiting the scenery, and worshipping; Close to Emperor Cheung Chau, you will see the old pavilion where heaven and man are integrated. Mountains and clouds are heavy; Feige is full of blood, and there is no land under it. Heting ancient bamboo, the haunt of poor islands; Gui Dian Lan Gong is the posture of hills.

Embroidered and carved, Yamahara is full of vision, and Kawasawa is bold and unrestrained. Yan Lu, the hometown of Zhong Mingding's delicious food; Gechuan maze, bluebird Huanglong. Clouds selling rain Ji, colorful. Sunset and lonely Qi Fei, autumn waters and sky are the same color. Fishing boats sing late and resound all over the coast of Peng Li; Yan Zhen was stunned by the cold, and his voice broke Hengyang's pu.

The distance is smooth and it is easy to fly. Cool breeze blowing gently, singing white clouds. There are bamboos in Suiyuan, which makes Peng Ze angry. Shui Ye Zhu Hua, a pen shining in Linchuan. Four beautiful things, two are difficult to combine. Poor in the sky, leisure is very entertaining. The sky is vast and the universe is infinite; Joy begets sorrow and knowledge is empty. Looking at Chang 'an in the sun, the martial arts will meet in the clouds. The terrain is deep in the South Pole, high in Tianzhu and far from Beichen. It's difficult to climb mountains and mountains. Who feels sorry for the lost people? Meet by chance, full of foreign guests. When I miss the emperor, what year was I in the mysterious room?

Ha ha! Bad luck, bad luck. Feng Tang is easy to get old, but Li Guang is hard to seal. Qu Jiayi is in Changsha, not without a master; Is there no time to escape from Hongliang to Haiqu? A gentleman plays it by ear and knows the world. When you are old and strong, would you rather be moved? Poverty is strong, not falling into the sky. I feel that Chanquan is very cool, but I am still very happy after doing it. Although Beihai is on credit, it can be accepted; The cold corner has gone, and the mulberry is not late. Meng has noble taste and is free to serve the country; Ruan Ji is crazy, how can he cry to the end of the road!

Bob, who is three feet short, is a scholar. There is no way to ask for it, and the final army will be weak; With a pen and a bosom, Mu Zong is Changfeng. Give up hair for a hundred years, and Wan Li will faint in the morning. It is not a treasure tree in Xie Jia, but a neighbor of Montessori. He is becoming more and more palace, and he is accompanying carp; Today, I hold my hand and hope to hold the Longmen. Yang Yi doesn't pick up, caresses Lingyun and cherishes himself; What's shameful about playing with running water at the clock meeting?

Ho ho! There are not many resorts, so it is difficult to have a grand feast; Lanting is gone, Zize Xu Qiu. Farewell words, thanks to Wei Wei; Climbing high to make a contribution is to hope the public. Dare to exhaust feelings, be respectful and short-quoted; All the words were given, and all four rhymes were done. Please sprinkle Pan Jiang, and each side will pour their own water into the sea.

Because of this preface to Wang Teng-ting, Wang Bo's name was rated as immortal.

The full text is written in parallel style with scattered sentences and clear rhythm; Beautiful seaweed ornaments and colorful words; Use allusions, concise and implicit. It is amazing that the full text pays so much attention to melody without affecting the expression of meaning, and achieves the unity of content beauty and formal beauty.

From the magnificent scenery of Wang Teng Pavilion to the feeling of floating life, the article is full of memories.

Preface to the Spring Banquet of Brothers Peach Blossom Garden

Tang Libai

The husband of heaven and earth, the inverse of everything; Time flies, and a hundred generations fly by. And floating like a dream, for joy geometry? The ancients walked by candlelight at night, not bad. Kuang Yangchun told me to smoke, and I made a big fake article. It will be a peach blossom garden and a happy family. Qun Ji Jun Xiu, all for Huilian; We sing, and we are ashamed of our happiness. You didn't get a reward, you can tell me. Give a banquet, sit on flowers, fly feathers and get drunk on the moon. Without a good hymn, why open your arms? If the poem fails, it will be punished according to the number of wines in Jingu.

Background In the fifteenth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (727), in Anlu, Li Bai and his cousins drank poems at a spring banquet and wrote this preface. The full text vividly describes the scene where the author and his brothers get together to drink and write poems on a spring night.

Li Bai lamented in the article that the world is vast, time flies, the article is natural, the tone is sonorous, and the wonderful parallel prose dialogue makes the article more colorful.

The famous expert commented on Li Fujiu's Hundred Pieces of China Ancient Calligraphy, Volume 14: One sentence turns, one meaning turns, and the scale has an avalanche. There is nothing more wonderful than this article.

Inscription in humble room

Don Liu Yuxi

The mountain is not high, and the fairy is famous. The water is not deep, and the dragon is the spirit. I am a humble room, but I am virtuous. The moss on the stage is green, and the curtain grass is green. There is no Ding Bai who laughs and has a university. You can tune the pipa and read Jin Dian. There is no confusion, and there is no complicated form. Zhuge Lu in Nanyang, Yun Pavilion in Xishu, and Kong Ziyun: What's the matter?

Background This essay is written by the author to express his ambition to be lofty, to care for the poor, to enjoy the road, and not to go along with the common customs.

In language expression, four or five sentences are used for evaluation, including antithesis and parallelism. Only the last sentence is prose, neat and changeable, concise and beautiful, with harmonious tone and sonorous syllables.

On the Ah Fang Palace

Don Dumu

When the six kings finish, the four seas are one; Shushan is upright, and Fang is not here. Overpressure exceeds 300 miles, isolated from the sun. Mount Li is built in the north and folded in the west, leading directly to Xianyang. Erchuan dissolves and flows into the palace wall. Five steps to the first floor, ten steps to a pavilion; Corridor waist back, eaves high; Hold the terrain, intrigue. So many plates, so many plates, so many beehives, I don't know how many tens of millions have fallen! What is a cloudless dragon lying on a long bridge? After the road is empty, don't blame Eric? High and low, I don't know the west and the east. Singing warm, spring is harmonious; Ballroom cold sleeves, wind and rain sad. Within a day, the climate is uneven between palaces.

Concubine, Wang Sun, resigned from the temple downstairs and came to Qin to sing in the evening. They are from Qin Gong. The stars are shining and the cosmetic mirror is on; Lv Yun came forward and combed Xiao Huan; Nutrient flow is greasy, and fat water is abandoned; The smoke is foggy and the pepper orchids are also burning. The thunder shook and the palace car passed; I don't know what I was doing when I was listening in the distance. A muscle, a capacity, extremely beautiful, standing overlooking, a face of good luck; A shady man, 36 years.

The collection of Yan and Zhao, the management of Han and Wei, the elites of Qi and Chu, and the plunder of several generations. Once you can't get it, you lose it. Tinkling jade, gold nuggets and pebbles are thrown away and smashed, and Qin people regard them as the standard and do not cherish them.

Ha ha! One person's heart, ten thousand people's heart. Qin loves luxury, and people also miss home; How can we use it like sand? Make the columns of negative buildings more than the farmers of nanmu; There are more rafters on the beam than working women on the plane; The phosphorus in onion is more than that in millet. The joints of ceramic tiles are uneven, more than the whole body silk; There are more vertical columns and cross sills than nine battlements; The orchestra's strings are hoarse, and they talk more than the city people. Make the world dare not speak and dare to anger; The single husband's heart is getting more and more arrogant. Shout, shout, letter valley pass; The Chu people are on fire, poor scorched earth.

Oh! Those who destroy the six countries are also six countries, not Qin. Qin clan, Qin also, not the world also. Ha ha! Make the six countries love each other, enough to refuse Qin; Let the state of Qin love the six countries again, and give it to three generations to be king forever. Who wins and who dies? Qin people feel sorry for themselves, and later people mourn for them; Later generations grieved, failed to learn from it, and let future generations mourn for future generations.

Background Du Mu wrote this essay, summing up the historical lessons of the rulers of Qin Dynasty who were arrogant and extravagant and ruined the country and people, aiming to warn the rulers of Tang Dynasty and show the feelings of an upright scholar who cares about the country and the people and saves the world and the people.

The evaluation uses imagination, metaphor and exaggeration, as well as description, arrangement and discussion, which is a combination of parallelism and dispersion. The language of the article is concise, neat and not piled up, rich and flashy, vigorous and bold.

The famous expert commented on Jin Shengtan's "All Talented People Must Read": Fang Qi is beautiful and the clearest writing. At this point in the article, the heart is dry and the dragon blood is gone. Read it word for word.

Yueyang Tower

Song Fan Zhongyan

In the spring of the fourth year, Li Qing stayed in Baling County. In the second year, the government was harmonious and everything went smoothly. Is to rebuild Yueyang Tower, add its old system, and engrave Tang Xian's poems on it. It belongs to the composition to remember.

Guanfu Baling wins in Dongting Lake. Take a distant mountain, swallow the Yangtze River, and make a vast soup, boundless; It's sunny in the morning and cloudy at night. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower, which was prepared by predecessors. But the northern martial arts, the Antarctic Xiaoxiang and the poets who moved abroad will all be here, and they will look at things very well.

If it rains heavily, the moon will not open, the evil wind will howl, and the turbid waves will be empty; The sun, moon and stars are hidden, and the mountains are hidden; Business travel is bad and ruined; Twilight is boundless, tigers roar and apes crow. When you go to the temple building, you are homesick, sad, sad and sad.

If it is spring, it is calm and the sky is high and the clouds are light; Sha Ou Ji Xiang, swimming in the brocade scale; The coast is blue and green. Or the long smoke is exhausted, the bright moon is thousands of miles away, the light is shining, the static shadow is sinking, and the fishing songs are answered. How happy I am! When you arrive at Dunsi Building, you will feel relaxed and happy, forget the humiliation, and leave the wine in the wind, which will make you feel happy.

Hey, honey! Is it to taste the heart of the ancient benevolent, or to do something different? Don't be happy with things, don't be sad with yourself; If you live high in a temple, you will worry about your people; If you stay away from the Jianghu, you will worry about your husband. It's worrying about going in and going out. But when will you be happy? It must be said that "worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world." Hey! Wes, who are we going home with?

September 15th, six years.

Background The Story of Yueyang Tower is an essay written by Fan Zhongyan, a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, on September 15th (1046 65438+ 10/7), at the request of his good friend and Ling Teng of Baling County, to rebuild Yueyang Tower.

Full-text narration, scenery description, lyricism and discussion are integrated, with dynamic and static combination, contrast between light and shade, concise words and harmonious syllables.

"Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later" has become a famous sentence handed down from generation to generation.

Record of the Old Tippler's Pavalion

Song Ouyang xiu

The Chu River is surrounded by mountains. Its southwest peak is You Mei Forest Valley. Seeing the deep beauty is also beautiful. After six or seven miles on the mountain, I gradually heard the sound of water gurgling between the two peaks and became a spring. When the peak turns, there are pavilion wings on the spring, and the pavilion is also drunk. Who is the pavilion? Monks in the mountains are also wise and immortal. Who's the name? The satrap calls himself. The satrap and his guests come here to drink, and when they drink less and get drunk, they call themselves drunkards at the highest age. The meaning of drunkenness is not wine, but also between mountains and rivers. The joy of mountains and rivers, the place where the heart belongs, the place where the wine belongs.

If the husband is in the forest at sunrise, the clouds will return to the cave, and the changes will be bright, and sooner or later in the mountains. The wild fragrance is rich, the wood is beautiful and the shade is beautiful, the wind and frost are noble and clean, and the water is clear, and it is also in the mountains at four o'clock. Returning home in the morning and evening, the scenery at four o'clock is different and the joy is endless.

As for the loser who sings on the way, the walker rests in the tree, the former calls and the latter should help, and those who keep going back and forth swim. Fishing by the stream is rich in fish. Brewing spring wine, spring fragrance and wine bottles; The pheasant is just a predecessor and a satrap feast. The joy of a feast is not silk or bamboo. Among the shooters, the player wins, and everyone who sits up is happy. Those pale, white-haired and self-effacing people are too defensive and drunk.

Sunset in the mountains, people scattered, the satrap returned, and the guests followed. The Woods are overcast, singing and singing, tourists go and birds are happy. However, birds know the joy of mountains, but they don't know the joy of people; People know that swimming from Taishou is fun, but they don't know that Taishou is fun. Being drunk can be fun, and people who wake up and can tell stories in words are too defensive. Who is the satrap? Lu Xiu also.

Zuiwengting's language evaluation is very distinctive, with beautiful style, concise words, sonorous syllables, beautiful pictures and music.

Famous experts commented on Mao Kun's "Eight Great Banknotes in Tang and Song Dynasties": the painting in the text. People used to read this article and said it was like swimming in a deep spring and understanding a stone. When you enter a layer, you will see a layer. The road is neither poor nor poor. It is refreshing to read it. This is a loophole in the article.

Qianchibi Fu

Song sushi

In autumn, on July 16th and 16th, Su Shi and his friends went boating in Chibi. The breeze blows gently and the water can't reach the surface. Raise a glass to propose a toast to one's companions, recite articles related to the moon, and sing praises to chapters. Not long after, the moon rose from Dongshan, hovering between the Big Dipper and the cow. Milky white fog across the river, clear water. Let the boat float on the boundless river and cross the boundless river. Vast as the wind in Feng Xu, I don't know where it ends; Floating like an independent world, feathering into a fairy.

At this time, he was very happy to drink, slapping the ship's rail with his hand and singing. The song says: "Gui Gui is like a blue paddle, striking the sky and tracing the streamer. I am pregnant, and I hope that beauty is on one side. " Guests have oral sex and rely on songs to make peace. Its voice is full of resentment, longing, crying and complaining, and the lingering sound is endless. It can make the dragon dance in the deep valley and make the widow in the lonely boat cry.

Perilla was very sad and sat in danger and asked the guest, "What is it?" The guest said, "The moon stars are rare, and blackbirds fly south. Isn't this a poem by Cao Mengde? Looking at Xiakou in the west and Wuchang in the east, the mountains and rivers are misty and gloomy. Isn't this because Meng Zhizhi was trapped in Zhou Lang? Fang Qi broke Jingzhou and went down to Jiangling, downstream to the east. He was thousands of miles long, wearing a flag, drinking wine and singing poems across the river, and became a hero in the world. Now, where is he? My son and I are fishing on the river, making friends with fish, shrimp and elk, keeping a boat and keeping bottles for each other. It's a drop in the ocean to send a mayfly into the earth. Mourn a moment in my life and admire the infinity of the Yangtze River. Fly with the flying fairy, hold the bright moon, and grow up. I know that it is impossible to get it suddenly, but I hate Taiwan. "

Perilla said, "Do you know my husband's water and the moon? The deceased is like this, but he has never been there; If you are full of emptiness, the dead will not ebb and flow. Gai must view it from its changers, then heaven and earth can't be in an instant; If you look at it from its unchangeable point of view, then things are infinite to me, so why envy them! Besides, between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner, not mine, so I will take it for nothing. However, the breeze on the river and the bright moon in the mountains are empty to the ear and beautiful when they meet. They are inexhaustible and inexhaustible treasures of the creator. My son and I are suitable. "

So the companion smiled happily, wiped the cup clean again and poured it again. All the vegetables and fruits have been eaten, leaving only the cups on the table in a mess. Sleeping on the boat, hugging each other, I know the horizon has turned white.

Background In the fifth year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi visited Chibi twice on July 16 and 10/5, and wrote two poems about Chibi. Later generations called the first poem "Red Cliff Fu" and the second poem "Back Red Cliff Fu".

Evaluation of this article is based on "prose as fu", full of loose sentences, and there are reasons for sorting out. Most of them rhyme, which makes this article particularly suitable for reading, full of the beauty of rhyme and embodies the advantages of rhyme.

Famous experts in Ming Dynasty commented on Mao Kun: Taste Dongpo's immortal articles and read these two poems. It makes people want to leave this world.