Geographical problems: What are the natural and social factors that affect the formation of settlements? Thank you ~ ~ (both natural factors and social factors should be listed)

1. The location factors that affect the city are not only natural factors, but also social factors such as economy, transportation and religious belief.

First, natural factors.

1 terrain

Most big cities in the world are on the plains, which is an ideal place for urban development.

The plain is flat, which is beneficial to farming, transportation and urban construction.

2 climate

Cities are mostly distributed in low latitudes, coastal areas, tropical cool plateaus and mountain valley basins.

Moderate temperature, moderate precipitation.

3 R.

There are many intersections, estuaries and cities on both sides of the river, and the downstream cities are more dense.

Rivers have the functions of water supply, military defense and transportation, which have a far-reaching impact on urban site selection.

4 Natural resources

Distributed in or near places rich in mineral resources.

After the industrial revolution, it is convenient to develop mining industry and mineral processing industry in mining areas, thus forming an industrial city.

Second, socio-economic factors.

1 flow

The city is close to expressway, the main railway lines, or the sea and seaport.

It is the only place where people and goods flow, and it is also a convenient zone for external contact. It has superior commercial and economic development conditions, and transportation is the first choice for modern cities.

Political, military and religious affairs

Religious centers, military fortresses, border crossings and political centers

A developed city is built to hold religious activities, complete military tasks or disperse the functions of big cities, and promote the construction and development of inland areas.

3 science and technology,

4 travel

University distribution areas, science and technology centers and tourist attractions

The development of science and technology tourism is a new factor.

2. Classification of urban functions

(1) Administrative center cities (political, economic and cultural centers)-such as capitals of various countries, provincial capitals of China, capitals of autonomous regions, etc.

(2) industrial center cities-mining cities such as Datong, Pittsburgh, Daqing, Karamay, Aberdeen and Johannesburg, the capital of gold mines; Steel cities Anshan, Panzhihua and Baotou; Specialized industrial cities such as Detroit and Shiyan, and textile center cities such as Tianjin, Qingdao and Shanghai.

(3) Transportation cities-such as Zhuzhou and Shijiazhuang, cities along the Canal, Rotterdam, new york, Singapore and Guangzhou, and airports such as Tehran, San Francisco and Karachi.

(4) Science and technology centers or education centers-such as Silicon Valley in the United States, Tsukuba in Japan, Zhongguancun in China, etc.

⑤ Tourist cities-such as Venice and Rome, Chengde, Huangshan and Guilin in China.

⑥ Religious cities-such as Vatican, Mecca, Medina, Lhasa and Tibet in China.