Brief introduction of bullet pepper

The name 1. Capsicum frutescens var is the general name of this group of peppers whose fruits grow upward (upward or obliquely upward). According to the fruit growth status, it includes four varieties of five pepper varieties in plant taxonomy: cluster pepper, cone pepper (small fruit type), long pepper (short finger type) and cherry pepper. Pepper is also called pepper because its fruit is very small. Chaotian pepper is characterized by small pepper fruit, high spicy degree and easy drying. Mainly used as dry pepper varieties, together with horn pepper and line pepper, it forms three series of dry pepper varieties in China. In China, the planting area of dry pepper, Chaotian pepper has jumped to the first place.

Secondly, pepper is cultivated in most parts of China. Henan and Hebei have large planting areas, followed by Guizhou, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Tianjin, Anhui, Shandong, Inner Mongolia, and Sichuan, Hunan and other provinces and cities. The main producing areas in Henan Province are Shangqiu, Nanyang, Puyang and Sanmenxia. The main producing areas in Hebei Province are Hengshui City, Baoding City and Xingtai City. The main producing areas in Tianjin are Baodi District and Jinghai County. The main producing areas in Anhui Province are Bozhou City. The main producing areas in Shanxi Province are Yuncheng, etc. The main producing area of Guizhou Province is Zunyi City.

3. China is rich in pepper variety resources. 1976, Tianjin and Henan introduced Sanying pepper (Sanying pepper and Tianying pepper) from Japan for the first time, and then China introduced several pepper varieties from Japan, South Korea and the United States. In recent 30 years, the planting area of pepper in China has gradually expanded, and it has developed into a major cash crop in some areas. At present, the pepper varieties planted in large areas in China are mainly imported varieties, mainly Japanese three cherry peppers (clustered peppers) and scattered "bullet" (long peppers); Guizhou pepper (cone pepper) is the main variety with large local planting area. Small peppers (cone peppers) in Guizhou are cultivated only in Guizhou province, and the main varieties cultivated in other provinces and cities are Japanese three cherry peppers (cluster peppers) and scattered "bombs" (long peppers).

1. Bundle variety Bailey-type pepper variety: divided into two series according to the shape of pepper fruit: Sanying pepper and bullet. Sanyinjiao series varieties mainly include Japanese Sanyinjiao (introduced from Japan), Yuxuan Sanyinjiao, Dajiao Sanyinjiao, a new generation of Sanyinjiao, Qixingjiao (local variety in Zigong City, Sichuan Province), Shaoyang Chaotianjiao (local variety in Shaoyang City, Hunan Province), Tianyu No.3 (introduced from South Korea), Tianyu No.5 (introduced from South Korea), Lubao Tianxian (introduced from the United States) and Shengnichao. Bullet series mainly includes high cluster bullets and short cluster bullets. Japanese three-cherry pepper is a farm variety in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan, and it is called "three-eagle pepper" or "Tochigi three-eagle" in Japan. Tianjin was introduced from Japan on 1976 and named "Tianying pepper", which was recognized by Tianjin Crop Variety Approval Committee on 1987. Henan Province was introduced from Japan in 1976 and named Sanyingjiao. 1988, Henan Science and Technology Publishing House published the book "Cultivation Techniques of Japanese Three Sakura Peppers", so it is often called Three Sakura Peppers in Henan Province. It is called Shan Ying pepper in Jiangsu province. Farmers in Henan are also called Chaotian Pepper, Chaotian Red Pepper and Small Pepper. Japanese three-cherry pepper plant is short and compact, with a plant height of 50-65 cm and a spreading degree of 40-50 cm, which belongs to limited branching type. Pepper fruits are clustered all over the sky, with slender fingers, smooth and shiny skin and no shrinkage. The fruit is about 5 cm long and its diameter (fruit shoulder transverse diameter) is about 1 cm. The top of the fruit bends like an eagle's mouth. It belongs to a small fruit type dry pepper variety. The dry weight of a single fruit is about 0.4 g, the taste is extremely spicy, and the capsaicin content is about 0.8%. Bright red, the content of capsanthin (red pigment) is about 3%. The flavor of pepper is lower than that of claw-type dry pepper varieties.

Gaoke Beaded Pepper is a new type of beaded pepper strain selected from the natural variation of three kinds of cherry peppers. High-cluster bullets belong to the typical finite branch type. There are lateral branches, but the number of lateral branches is large, the branches are thin, the results are few, and the red ripening is few. The main part of yield is the lateral branch ear. Generally, each plant has 4-5 lateral branches, more than 10, and each lateral branch is 8- 16. The main stem fruit cluster generally bears 10~20 fruits. Plant height is 60-80 cm, main stem is 40-50 cm, main stem base is 1.2- 1.5 cm, lateral branches are 30-50 cm (length), and secondary lateral branches are 15-30 cm (length). Pepper fruit is slightly shorter than shotgun, shoulder is slightly thicker, the top is blunt and round, and its shape is similar to shotgun, with a length of 4 ~ 5cm, a shoulder diameter of 1 ~ 1.4cm and a stem length of 3.5 ~ 4cm. The fruit is deep red in color, spicy and rich in seeds. Fruit longitudinal cracking is light or basically does not occur. Disease resistance is equivalent to shotgun, and it is more resistant to viral diseases, anthrax and epidemic diseases. Growing vigorously, obviously higher than the three cherry pepper. More resistant to lodging. Wide adaptability and great potential for increasing production. Suitable for interplanting spring pepper and wheat pepper. Spring pepper generally produces about 350 kilograms of dried pepper per mu.