Introduction to the main idea of the creation of classical Chinese gardens?

Chinese garden system, if compared with other gardens in the world, it has many different personalities, and between its various types, there are many of the same **** nature. But this is in nature, above nature is the main theme of the creation of classical Chinese gardens.

Garden creation in China should be said to be an ancient discipline, said it is old, because our history of gardening can be traced back thousands of years ago, there are a number of the world's best traditional garden examples and theories.

One of the natural elements in the creation of classical gardens

Natural landscape with mountains, water as the basis for the landscape, with vegetation for decoration. Mountains, water, plants are the basic elements of the natural landscape, of course, is also the landscape garden elements. But the Chinese classical gardens, whether royal gardens, or private gardens to reflect the natural elements of the natural world of comprehensive aesthetic connotation to complete the creation of works. In the garden space, the emphasis on a variety of forms to reflect the characteristics of natural beauty, between intentionally and unintentionally to form a "meaning" and "realm" of unity. Therefore, the classical Chinese garden is by no means a general use or simple imitation of these elements of the original state of the landscape. Rather, it is consciously transformed, adjusted, processed, cut, so as to express a refined, generalized nature, typical nature. Only in this way, such as the Summer Palace as a large natural landscape garden can have a typical character of the Jiangnan lakes and mountains in the northern part of the landscape reproduced. This is one of the main features of the Chinese classical garden - in nature and above nature, this feature in the artificial landscape garden mountain, water, plant configuration is particularly prominent. In the full use of natural elements in the layout of the landscape, the formation of static and dynamic spatial layout. Small bridges and flowing water, stacked rocks and waterfalls, three-sided lotus, four-sided willow, half a pool of autumn water, etc., to create a tangible or intangible spatial character. Shadows of flowers, trees, clouds, water, wind, water, birds, flowers, insects and so on. These are all highly summarized and sublimated in the vast natural scrolls, forming a good situation of "high mountains and flowing water, birds' voices and flowers". These natural landscape of the concentration and creation, precisely "humanized nature", which blends the personal interest of the creator, forming the essence of the Chinese classical garden "literati landscape garden". The essence of these components is the natural elements of the landscape as the main body.

Classical garden creation focuses on the creation of artistic mood, feelings in the landscape, touching the scene, the scene is the traditional gardening features, it is religious longing for the immortal mountain, the poet's eulogy of the idyllic life, as well as the landscape paintings through the generations of famous artists, the influence of the mood is very deep. Poetry can be reflected in the creation of many garden art mood. Garden Metallurgy" in the "garden," "phase of the ground," "borrowed scenery" of the articles emphasized are involved in the creation of artistic mood. For example, in the "Garden, there is a high pillar and a window, a thousand hectares of ocean, and the romance of the four seasons." "Xiao Temple can be divining neighbors, the sound of Sanskrit to the ear, the distant peaks are suitable for borrowing a mirror, the color can be eaten, purple and green haze, the sound of cranes sent to the pillow." "Dissolving moonlight, the sound of the wind, quietly gathered a couch of qin books, movement connotes half a round of autumn water, clear air to a few seats, the dust of the world far away from the mind" and other sentences. In these descriptions, the distant mountains, Xiao Temple, clean water, flowers, clouds, moonlight, wind, cranes, Brahmi, qin and other kinds of shape, sound, color, taste, group landscape factors are pointed out, its purpose is very clear, is to strengthen the garden landscape effect rich in artistic mood. Classical garden landscape, scenic area named mostly belongs to some kind of generalization of the mood, the Royal Court and private gardens are not so. Classical garden creation intention to emphasize the effect of landscape, highlighting the creation of artistic mood, there is a most important and most basic elements, is that it must be combined into, otherwise the landscape or artistic environment will be the wood of the trees, the source of the water. In the natural scenery of the region group scenery (such as the Summer Palace), it is easier to achieve good landscape effect, in general areas due to the lack of good natural conditions, the creation of group scenery will be more difficult to create the intention, but as long as the design process, do not let go of any natural conditions of the favorable factors, or can be done to achieve the intention of novelty, which fully embodies the creation of the classical garden of the main idea - - in nature, above nature. This fully reflects the main theme of classical garden creation--because of nature, above nature.

(A) mountain

Garden using natural stone stacked rockery techniques called "stacked mountain", the master craftsmen widely used in a variety of shapes, textures, colors of stone, with different stacking styles and the formation of many genres. Gardening is almost inseparable from the stone, the stone itself has gradually become the object of appreciation and play, and the stone and created for the art of bonsai, desktop offerings. North and south of the existing many excellent stacked works, generally the highest but eight, nine meters, whether simulating the whole of the real mountain or intercept a corner of the real mountain, are able to create a small scale and peaks, mountains, mountains, caves, valleys, rocky outcrops, crags and other images of the portrayal. From their stacked chapters and composition management, you can see the natural mountain composition law generalization, refinement. Garden rockery is the abstraction of the real mountain, typical of the reduction of the displacement of facsimile, can be in a very small lot to show the situation of the mountains and forests at hand, the illusion of thousands of rocks and gullies of the momentum. The reason why the garden can reflect the characteristics of the higher than natural, the main that is to get the rest of the stacked mountains of this high-level artistic creation.

(2) water

garden excavation of a variety of water bodies are natural rivers, lakes, streams, streams, springs, waterfalls and other artistic generalization, artificial water must do "although made by people, just like the sky from the open", even if the smallest of the water surface must also be zigzagging folds and the use of rocks embellish the banks, iso, and some also intentionally make a bend! Harbor, wells to show the source of flow, hydrophobic as endless. Slightly larger water surface, it is necessary to pile up islands, dikes, bridges. In the limited space as far as possible to write imitation of natural water features in full, this is "a spoonful of rivers and lakes," the intention.

(C) plants

And garden plant configuration, despite the beautiful flowers and red, but all to the trees as the main theme, because cataracts of forests and trees can be most reminiscent of the ecology of the natural world Fahua luxuriant. Like the western flower-based garden, is less planted trees do not speak into rows and columns, but also not randomly. Often with three or five gnarled trunks and give people a sense of luxuriant vegetation, the use of a small number of trees in the art of generalization, but the expression of the natural vegetation of the weather. Second, the creative differences between Chinese and Western gardens, the British and Chinese gardens, the same as the landscape garden, both of which take nature as the source of creation. But the former is a rational objective reality, focusing on the specific reality and reproduction of the natural scenery, aesthetic feelings are embedded in the reproduced objects in general, the latter for the sensibility of the subjective writing, focusing on the performance of the main body of the aesthetic feeling of the object, and because of the aesthetic feelings caused by it. The creation of British gardens originally combines the elements of nature's landscape artistically and presents them in front of people's eyes according to the size of the land. The creation of Chinese gardens is through the typicalization of nature and its landscape elements, abstraction, and convey to the people to the natural ecological information, it is not subject to the limitations of the lot, can be seen in a small in the big, but also in the big in the small.

In short, the nature, above nature is the main theme of the creation of classical Chinese gardens, the purpose is to seek a generalized, refined, typical and without losing its natural ecological landscape environment. The creation of such a need to be in line with the natural reasoning, in order to obtain the interest of heaven. Otherwise, it is inevitable in the artifice, as if the buyer's box, figure with an abstract shell and lost the soul of the landscape garden.

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