International cases of urban color

Paris was once praised by Napoleon as "the most beautiful city in the world". The beauty of Paris lies not only in the Louvre, Notre Dame de Paris, the magnificent Arc de Triomphe and the luxurious shops on the Champs Elysé es, but also in the fact that these buildings have been baptized for countless years, bearing the French cultural heritage and other urban elements, and the colors attached to the walls.

This ancient city is mainly composed of old buildings with a history of thousands of years. In terms of color planning and construction, under the unified guidance of urban color planning departments, regardless of historical sites or ordinary houses, except for a few modern buildings, such as Eiffel Tower and Pompidou Center, the walls of buildings are basically painted with bright and elegant cheese color, while the roofs and Eiffel Tower of buildings are mainly dark gray. Therefore, cheese color and dark gray have become the symbolic colors of Paris. This makes people know that they are in Paris whenever they see these two colors wherever they go in the city. Simple and unified colors also make Paris stand out in the color construction of many cities in Europe, making it unique.

In the choice of city colors in Paris, the "romantic" Parisians are so unpretentious. Just as the French writer Gide commented on ancient Greek art: "Pure nobility, quiet greatness".

Geographically, because Paris is influenced by the temperate maritime climate, it rains all the year round and rarely sees sunshine, so I don't know which imaginative literati nicknamed Paris "the woman who loves tears", and choosing the cheese color full of light can also see the "uniqueness" of the color planner. A composite color dominated by gray tones.

In 2000, Beijing set the tone of "the facade is mainly gray", which not only reflected the unique temperament of the imperial city, but also reflected the magnificent momentum of the political and cultural center. When you mention Beijing, do you think of blue-gray quadrangles and old hutongs? At the same time, Beijing will be affected by sandstorms from time to time, and the exposed bright colors will become obsolete and lose their original brightness after five or six years. The main color of Xuzhou city is "yellow, gray and elegant", and the two colors of "Longteng Yellow" and "Jade Green" are the representative colors of the city.

"Longtenghuang" is the characteristic of Xuzhou as the hometown of emperors. Longteng and yellow represent emperors. "Jade Green", taken from the color of unearthed Han jade, represents Xuzhou's long history and culture, and can cover Xuzhou's green mountains and clear waters at the same time. Taking "Dragon Yellow" and "Jade Green" as the representative colors of the city can give people the impression of simplicity without losing stability, confidence and maturity.

Xuzhou, known as Pengcheng in ancient times, has a history of civilization of more than 5,000 years and a history of building a city of more than 2,600 years. It is the earliest city in Jiangsu. Yu Xia divided the whole country into Kyushu, and Xuzhou is a famous historical and cultural city in China. It is located in the northwest of Jiangsu Province, bordering Shandong Province in the north, Anhui Province and Henan Province in the west, Lianyungang City in the east and Suqian City in the south. Located in the transitional zone between north and south, it is the key to the north and the gateway to the south. It has always been a battleground for military strategists and a gathering place for merchants. With a long culture, it is a famous hometown of emperors, and there is a saying that "nine emperors leave Xuzhou". It is an important transportation and railway hub, energy base and industrial base in China.

Xuzhou has a unique geographical environment, which not only has the beauty of the water town in the south of the Yangtze River, but also has unique natural resources with four distinct seasons in the northern cities, and at the same time has valuable historical assets. Therefore, when planning urban colors for Xuzhou, the main planning and design ideas of Seaman CLIMAT are to respect and continue the excellent local historical culture and landscape advantages as the leading direction, to "enjoy ancient and modern scenery" as the leading direction, and to take the overall planning of Xuzhou as the goal. Through in-depth field investigation, analysis and color refinement, it is concluded that "yellow, gray and elegant tone" is the main color of Xuzhou, which highlights Xuzhou's regional characteristics and beautiful mountains and rivers, and can better reflect the elegant and high-grade modern city appearance.

Beige, yellow and white are the representative colors.

Influenced by western architectural culture, most historical buildings in Harbin are beige, yellow, white and warm. Urban color planning inherits the historical context. The overall color of the city is mainly warm, and beige and yellow and white are the representative colors of urban buildings (historical protection blocks and historical business districts are strictly controlled). On this basis, the color, lightness and saturation are adjusted to form a colorful, unified and harmonious tone of Harbin urban architecture.

Harbin has also designated "color key control area" and "color macro control area". The key control areas include 9 historical blocks and their influence areas, urban characteristic blocks, surrounding areas of landmark buildings and important functional areas of the city. In key color control areas, there is generally a clear urban color positioning; Color macro control area refers to the area outside the key control area in the urban area. The overall tone is a fresh and elegant light tone.

Wuxi is a water town in the south of the Yangtze River, so the overall tone of the city is determined to be fresh and elegant light tones. On this premise, the colors of existing houses and old houses will be unified into white walls and tiles to show the ancient charm of Jiangnan. The buildings in the downtown business district are all light and warm colors, which set off the business atmosphere; Lihu New Town is dominated by white and light green, giving people a fresh sense of Taihu Lake. In addition, the primary color looks good and does not affect the appearance of the city, and its color remains unchanged in principle. For buildings that seriously damage the city appearance and whose colors are not in harmony with the overall tone, their colors should be adjusted. Billboards, light boxes and other objects along the road are allowed to have rich colors, but they must also obey the main color. Choosing compound ash considering local climate

Composite gray is the main color of urban buildings, and the overall color is light gray, which is equivalent to "light makeup". This kind of color collocation can reflect the leisure and eclectic urban character of Chengdu, and also accord with the taste of a famous historical city. The color of the folk houses in western Sichuan is gray-black. This color is also related to the local climate. Chengdu is located in a rainy and windless basin, which is easy to accumulate dust and rain. Chengdu began to dye the facade of buildings in 2002. Most of them were light-colored, but they were not dirty. Problems soon appeared, especially in summer and winter. There was a lot of rain and drizzle in Chengdu, and the painted walls were dirty, which could not be managed for months. There are many "flower houses" in the city. Medium brightness and medium purity tones

Guangzhou's special geographical environment, natural landscape, cultural connotation and the present situation of artificial environment determine the complexity and diversity of Guangzhou's urban colors, and also determine that Guangzhou's main color tone is not suitable for high-purity and low-brightness colors, so it is appropriate to adopt medium-brightness and medium-purity color tone types. According to the primary evaluation of Guangzhou's urban color, the old city is mostly composed of warm gray main colors of achromatic color series, red gray, yellow red gray and yellow gray, while the new city is mostly composed of yellow gray, blue green gray, blue purple gray and cold gray main colors of achromatic color series. Among them, the yellow-gray color is the most widely distributed, the main and secondary color layers in the old city are warmer, and the main and secondary color layers in the new city are colder. Yellow-gray can not only adapt to Guangzhou's sunny climate with long summer and short winter, but also complement the colorful natural environment and become the background color of energetic and dynamic humanistic activities; In addition, yellow-gray has a pleasant, relaxed and cheerful color character, which is humble, peaceful and not exaggerated; More importantly, yellow-gray as the main color of the building is suitable for both low-rise buildings in the old city and high-rise buildings in the new city. Considering the gray theme of the ancient city as a whole

In order to coordinate with the color of the whole natural environment of the ancient city and highlight the distinctive regional characteristics, Xi 'an planning department has designated the main color system of Xi 'an urban buildings as gray, khaki and ochre, which will become the main colors of Xi 'an's future urban construction. Color system of gray series: Xi 'an, as the ancient capital of China in the 13th Dynasty, has many historical buildings, among which gray accounts for a large proportion, such as bell tower, drum tower, traditional houses in Ming and Qing Dynasties, Xi 'an city wall and so on. Gray reflects a strong cultural atmosphere and conforms to the characteristics of Xi 'an ancient capital. In the future, in the urban construction of Xi 'an, gray will be the main color of historical areas.

Khaki color system: Xi 'an is located on the yellow land in the center of Yellow River civilization. The khaki is consistent with the terrain, which makes people feel peaceful and stable. It is a typical local color in Guanzhong, and the walls of Big Wild Goose Pagoda and Small Wild Goose Pagoda are khaki. The main color of urban buildings is khaki, which can expand the hue series and make the colors from dark to light. Ochre color system: Ochre color is the main color of wood in Han and Tang Dynasties, which formed a solemn, elegant and distinctive architectural color in Han and Tang Dynasties. The urban buildings in Xi 'an are dominated by ochre, which reflects the respect for traditional ancient buildings and the rich historical and cultural atmosphere of Xi 'an, the ancient capital. A roll of Jiangnan ink painting

In 2005-2006, entrusted by Hangzhou Planning Bureau, Professor Song Jianming, vice president of China Academy of Fine Arts, director of color research institute and doctoral supervisor, led his professional color team to travel all over Hang Cheng, taking nearly 30,000 photos of architectural colors, and made a special study on the architectural colors of Hangzhou within 80 square kilometers around the West Lake, and found the ideal vision of "ink and wash light color" belonging to Hangzhou City, which was praised and recognized by experts and the general public. From 2008 to 20 10, under the continuous promotion and organization of Hangzhou Planning Bureau, Ni Liang, director of the color research office of Hangzhou Urban Planning and Design Institute and senior planner, led the color expert of the institute to complete the Special Planning of Architectural Colors in the Main City of Hangzhou and the Regulations on the Management of Architectural Colors in Hangzhou in two years. Finally, the color of Hangzhou is fixed as "a roll of Jiangnan ink painting". Among them, the gray combined with the color context of Hangzhou has become the color that can best reflect the heavy feeling of Hangzhou.

"Harmonious color" is composed of cyan, grayish green and green. And it has the Jiangnan sentiment of ink painting, and has just been commissioned by Hangzhou Planning Bureau to complete the "Study on Hangzhou Urban Color Planning", which has become the main color of Hangzhou after color planning. It is reported that through the comparative analysis of more than 8000 photos of architectural tone in the main city/KLOC-0, this harmonious tone choice suitable for Hangzhou urban architecture is finally provided.

The roof is blue gray and reddish brown; The walls are grayish blue, grayish green, achromatic color, reddish brown and yellowish brown; Other decorative parts of the building are green, blue, achromatic, reddish brown and warm yellow. Experts believe that this color tone has a strong overall sense, and at the same time it can live in harmony, and the overall visual impression is one. At the same time, you can also use two colors to reflect the sense of history of the ancient capital.

[Huang CuO] adopts warm gray and low chroma red.

According to the plan, the overall tone of Huangcuo area aims at shaping the waterfront mountain space with harmonious colors, with warm gray and low-color red as the main tones.

In terms of architectural color, it is suggested that the roof should be brick red with low color, the main color of the wall should be white and warm gray, and the decorative colors should be white, wood, brick red and stone. Glass is non-reflective or low-reflective, colorless or light-colored (key buildings, large public buildings, landmark buildings and other buildings with special requirements need to break through the above-mentioned roof form restrictions, which can be handled according to specific conditions and submitted for approval according to specific procedures). However, it is forbidden to use any color other than low-chroma brick red on the roof, and avoid using large areas of high-chroma and low-lightness colors on the wall, such as large areas of bright solid colors, strong dark colors and cold gray tones.

In the form of roof, the recommended roof forms are double slope top, four slope top, multi-fold double slope, multi-fold four slope and combined slope top; Avoid building roofs with typical characteristics, single slope and poor slope shape (key buildings, large public buildings, landmark buildings and other buildings with special requirements need to break through the above roof form restrictions, which can be handled according to specific conditions and submitted for approval according to special procedures).

【 Wuyuan Bay 】 is divided into gray harmonious area and southern Fujian color area.

The overall tone of Wuyuanwan area aims at creating a harmonious new urban space with a light gray harmonious background and highlighting the theme. According to the plan, the whole territory of Wuyuan Bay is divided into two types of color control areas: gray harmonious area and southern Fujian color area.

In terms of architectural color, it is suggested that the facade color of low-rise buildings in residential buildings should be mainly light gray (neutral gray and warm gray), with lightness and low color as decorative colors, and the main wall surface should not reflect light; It is suggested that the multi-layer main color should be light gray (neutral gray and warm gray), and the ornament color should be medium brightness and low chroma. The main wall is not reflective, the glass is not reflective or low reflective, and the sloping roof is colorless or light, gray or brick red; It is suggested that high-rise buildings should be mainly light gray (high brightness, low chroma and neutral color), and the decorative colors should be mainly medium gray and cold gray, and the main walls should not reflect light. Glass is not reflective or low reflective, colorless or light gray. However, residential buildings should avoid using large areas of high-color and low-brightness colors, such as bright solid colors and strong dark colors, and avoid using large areas of reflective glass and dark glass (key buildings, large public buildings, landmark buildings and other buildings with special requirements need to break through the above-mentioned roof form restrictions, which can be handled according to specific circumstances and submitted for approval according to specific procedures).

In the form of roof, it is suggested that residential buildings adopt gray or brick red sloping roofs, high-rise buildings adopt simple roofs, and southern Fujian color areas adopt brick red sloping roofs; It is suggested that other buildings adopt sloping roofs, simple flat roofs and simple composite roofs. However, it is forbidden to use complex composite roofs, poorly shaped roofs, heavy frame roofs and typical style roofs in low-rise buildings; Multi-storey buildings are prohibited from using single slope tops, and representative roofs and false slope tops are copied in other areas; High-rise buildings are prohibited from using unique roofs such as thick frame roofs, domes and spires, and large floating board roofs.