What are the similarities and differences between Japanese kimono and China Tang Dynasty clothing?

Kimono is a traditional national costume in Japan. Because more than 90% of Japan's population belongs to the "Yamato" nationality, it is named after this. It is also called "dressing" in Japanese. Besides keeping warm and protecting the body, kimono has high artistic value. In particular, women's kimonos are brightly colored, beautiful in style and equipped with beautiful wide belts at the waist, which is simply a work of art.

According to Wei Zhi, the origin of kimono can be traced back to the 3rd century? There is a record in the biography of the Japanese: "Use a piece of cloth, make a hole in it and stick your head in it, so you don't need a tailor." This is the prototype of kimono. In the Daiwa era, the Japanese king sent envoys to China three times, bringing back a large number of Han weavers, Wu weavers and craftsmen who were good at textile and sewing techniques. Most of the immigrants from China who went to Fusang were literati and craftsmen, who introduced China's clothing style to Japan.

In Nara era (AD 7 18), the Japanese sent a delegation of envoys from the Tang Dynasty to China, which was received by the King of the Tang Dynasty and given a large number of royal robes. These clothes are dazzling and very popular in Japan. At that time, all Japanese civil and military officials were envious. The next year, the emperor ordered all Japanese to wear clothes that imitated the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

By the Muromachi era of14th century, Ruili women had gradually evolved and finalized according to Japanese traditional habits and aesthetic tastes, and there was no big change in the following 600 years. As for wallets, Japanese women were influenced by Christian missionaries wearing robes and belts. At first, the wallet was in the front, and later it was moved to the back. 1868, before the Meiji Restoration, the Japanese all wore kimonos, but after the Meiji Restoration, men in the upper class began to wear suits, also known as "foreign clothes".

During the Great Kanto Earthquake in Japan 1923, women were still wearing kimonos, so they suffered misfortune or physical injury due to mobility difficulties. Since then, Japanese women have gradually changed to dresses or other clothes. However, kimono is still the Japanese favorite. People wearing traditional kimonos can be seen everywhere in festivals, graduation ceremonies, weddings, funerals and other important occasions to celebrate children's "July 3rd".

Twelve orders

When it comes to kimono, the first thing to say is the origin (historical inheritance).

Since the Shinto era, Japan's clothing culture has always had a distinct "foreign" imprint. This is not only reflected in the form of clothing, but also in the knitting technology of clothing materials.

Since Shen Ying's time, Japan has close ties with South Korea and China, which has brought favorable conditions for the spread of culture. Emperor Tuigu even imitated the costumes of the Sui Dynasty, and formulated the crown clothes and court clothes. In the Nara era, it became fashionable to imitate the clothes and styles of the Tang Dynasty. However, the extremes meet, and with the passage of time, the era of clothing with more personality and charm has arrived. This is a time of peace.

Heian period is also Japan's "national wind era". After fully digesting the culture of the Tang Dynasty, she stepped onto the historical stage as a college graduate. At this time, the clothing gradually got rid of the influence of the outside world and developed its unique luxury and exquisite characteristics. For example, people familiar with Japanese history must have heard of Tang Yi and Twelve Commandments. Tang suit is a kind of clothing, with purple as the most expensive and resplendent. Twelve orders are actually a way to wear. She is not wearing a twelve-layer single coat, but a twelve-layer dress called Gui is folded on the single coat. The Gui is light and transparent, and you can still vaguely see the color of a single item of clothing or watch when it is layered, adding a hazy aesthetic feeling and Ruili clothing. From here, we can also get a glimpse of Japanese aesthetics, which not only likes abstract beauty, but also likes to truly and meticulously reflect the beauty of the natural world.

Due to excessive corruption and extravagance, the rule of officials finally declined, and clothing. During the period of Kamakura and Muromachi shogunate, a relatively lean and simple martial arts culture appeared, and the characteristics of this era were also reflected in costumes. Zhichuan and Shi Boshi are fashionable men's wear and are very popular. Women's clothing has become simple. Small sleeve was very popular among women in the Anshi and Taoshan periods of Nobuyoda. Although it looks good, it is still shabby compared with Tang suit. During this period, "Nenglie" with distinctive folk characteristics gradually took shape, and exquisite and luxurious "Nenglie" costumes appeared. At this time, the official costumes did not change much, and they were basically the continuation of the palace costumes in the Heian period, and the final integration of officials and martial artists was in the Meiji period, which is another story.

During the Edo shogunate period, although there were also changes in men's and women's clothing, for example, the small sleeve of women's clothing was deformed to be close to modern times, while the feather weaving of men's clothing was popular (with black stripes as formal clothes, followed by brown and yellow), and bow ties became popular. However, the basic pattern has been set. In the Meiji era, the kimono in the present sense was finalized, and there has not been much change since then.