Ancient Women's Hairstyles

Hair style is an important decoration of women's head, can increase the beauty of their appearance. Ancient women's hair styling changes, extremely rich and colorful, successive generations, constantly changing, from simple to complex, and from complex to simple, alternating back and forth, there are many relevant records, only on the "chignon of goods" recorded no less than more than a hundred kinds. These hair is named by the hair and jewelry allegory and named, although more nicknames, according to its braiding and hair can be summarized as a few basic types, briefly described as follows:

1. Knot maid

This type of hairstyles, are all the knot maid and become, some of the top of the head, some tend to the two sides, there are spreading, and there are hanging, the women's own hair is limited, and often coupled with the 'wigs', jewelry, and the hair of the women's own hair. ", jewelry, lofty and gorgeous. According to records: according to legend, when Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, Yaochi Wangmu to meet, the fairies of the hair bun are different from the earth, high ring lofty, the emperor ordered the official consort to follow suit, so the number of "high hair Wangxian bun" ①, and then decorated with a variety of jewels, gold hairpin wind hairpin or rocking, it is even more gorgeous and noble. This high ring hairstyle has one to nine hair, is the most noble hair style, more used to represent the myth of the fairy, the Queen Consort and the flow of noble women's hairstyle (from the 87 Immortals scrolls and the Yongle Palace murals of the Jade Lady and other hair can also be witnessed). Not out of the room girls can also be used, but the decoration should not be overly ornate, this hair style of the Qin and Han Dynasties and Qin before the generations quite popular, after the Han Dynasty, more revered for the fairy hairstyle, celebrities and ladies have also been used.

The form of high hair, hair, hair, hair, hair, in the top of the head, on both sides, the number of hair can also be tied at will, there are a lot of changes, can be used flexibly.

2. Twisted spin

This is the end of the Han Dynasty created a hair style, according to records for Zhen after the planes, and after each other to the popular. This hair style of braiding is divided into several strands of hair, like twisting twist like the hair coiled and twisted and wrapped around the disk on the head. It is recorded that when Queen Zhen entered the Wei Palace, there was a green snake in the palace, and when Queen Zhen combed her hair every day, the snake was coiled and shaped, and Queen Zhen followed suit and combed her hair into a bun, and every day, the snake changed its shape and the buns were different, and thus, it was called "Snake Bun" (①).

This kind of hairstyle is flexible, vivid and charming, and it was used by the goddesses and the famous women who did not go out of the house. There are many variations of this hairstyle, which can be twisted or coiled, and twisted on the top, side, and front of the head, with vivid and beautiful changes, and it is especially common in ancient paintings of ladies. Modeling can be used flexibly.

3. Plate stacked

This hair style in the Tang Dynasty paintings, sculptures and tomb murals can be seen, Tang Wu Zetian's granddaughter of Princess Yongtai Li Huixian's tomb mural, there are a lot of stacked buns. According to records; Tang Chang'an women are good at combing coiled buns (i.e., spiral buns). Back, the shape of its towering and not go down, the number for the spiral bun. In Chang'an was popular for a while, this "spiral bun" is mainly made in the form of disk stack, the method is the hair with silk thread stranded knot tie up, and then use the braid, disk, stacking and other techniques, the bun disk stacked into a spiral, placed on top of the head or on both sides or the forehead and the back of the head, but also randomly stacked in a variety of forms.

This hairstyle is beautiful and decorative, in Wang Yuyang's poem praised "green snail such as bun show can eat", according to the method of disk stacking, can be made of various kinds of screw謦. In the modeling can be used flexibly.

4. Anti-ò style

This kind of hair style according to the Duan Cheng style of "buns and maids" in the record of Wei Wudi's palace of the Palace of the Palace of the Palace Consort comb anti-ò buttocks, Sui and Tang Dynasty, this kind of hair style is also very popular ①, in the "makeup table record" in the record of the "Tang Wude in the comb half-turned buns, anti-ò buns, tufts of hair buttocks". Some combed and braided into a bird of prey with two wings wanting to show the appearance, known as the "police swan bun", also combed and braided into a single knife or double knife, known as the "turning knife bun", there are also many strands of hair turned into a flowery style, known as the "Hundred Flowers There are also those who turn many strands of hair into a flower style, which is called "Hundred Flowers". The form and technique is very much, all rely on the closing knot flip òà?ò or anti-òà?ò and become.

This kind of hairstyle is mostly used by palace concubines and famous women, and young girls who have not left the house often leave a hair tail under the bun of the reverse òà?òà?, so that it hangs down behind the shoulder, which is called òà?òà?à?, and it is also called òà?òà?à?à? bunó. Although the name of the bun is not the same throughout the ages, the basic hair style is similar and can be flexibly changed and referred to when styling.

5. Knot vertebrae

This type of hair style is the most common and widely used among women's hairstyles in ancient times, and it has been used for the longest period of time, from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the Qin and Han Dynasties, the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty, etc. It is only the high, flat, and low hairstyle that is used in the ancient times. Just hair high, flat, low, and knot vertebrae in the front, center, left and right, after the change is different. This hair comb braiding method, is the hair gathered in the top of the head or the side of the head, or forehead and the back of the head, in the bundle after pulling the knot into the vertebrae, with a hairpin or hairpin through, can be rolled into a vertebrae, two vertebrae to three vertebrae, so that it shrugs up on the top of the head or both sides. According to the record: Liang Yi's wife Sun Shou will be knotted vertebrae on the side of the head, and make it fall, known as the "Fallen Horse Bun", also known as 'Liang's new makeup', was popular for a while, Zhao Hed entered the palace will be rolled up high for the vertebrae, known as "emerging buns ". Meng Guang, the wife of Liang Hong, wore her hair in a "vertebral buttocks" style. These hair styles are all variations of the knotted chignon, and by mastering the combing and braiding method, one can change or create various kinds of chignons, which can be used flexibly in styling. The various types of chignons were mostly used by married young women.

6. Symmetrical style

This kind of hair style has been used since the Qin and Han Dynasties, and has been adopted in all the generations, and its typical hair style is "double bun" and "hair", "double bun" is mainly used by the court attendants. The typical hair style is "double chignon" and "hair", "double chignon" is mainly the hair style of the court ladies and maidservants, according to the legend, Qin Shi Huang made the court ladies wear double chignon, wear back and shirt, which has been used in successive generations, and has been used until the Qing Dynasty is still unchanged. This hair style is the hair from the top of the center of two large strands, to both sides of the comb, and tie knot on both sides, and then pulled into two big buns, so that it is symmetrically placed on both sides. Can also be symmetrical knot maid, so that it hangs down, for the folk girl is good to use.

"Underage hair"

This is a kind of children's hair, both men and women can be common, because of its shape like "underage", so it is called "underage hair", and its shape is divided into two big strands of hair, symmetrically tied into two vertebrae, placed on the top of the head on the left and right sides, and then pulled into two big buns, so that it is placed symmetrically. Left and right sides of the top of the head, and in the bun to lead out a small lock of tail hair so that it naturally hangs down, the longest can be up to the shoulder, the main hairstyles for children's hair throughout the ages.

Cicada sideburns, Bo sideburns, these two are not hairstyles, but a variety of hairstyles must be equipped with two sideburns.

Cicada sideburns, according to records is the Wei emperor Cao Pi's court Mo Qiongshu made ①, it is the two sideburns of the decoration, the two sideburns will be combed very thin and transparent, shaped like a cicada wing, so it is known as 'cicada sideburns', the ancient poems to describe the women often have "cloudy hair and misty sideburns" sentence, thin and transparent with the thick and transparent sideburns and thick hair. Thin and transparent cicada sideburns and thick and high solid hair style combination and contrast, so that women's hairstyles rich in change and chic.

Bo sideburns, all generations of secluded L Yi Code 0, "the clothing of the public opinion" are stipulated in the palace of the consort to Bo sideburns, the quality of the noble lady must Bo sideburns, Bo sideburns that is, to cover the ear with sideburns, or to the back of the ear to cover the half-ear, is a kind of etiquette sideburns.

Women's most common hairstyles, according to its combing law is divided into the above six categories, in the modeling, can be based on various types of combing law, using buns, maids, plate, ò, folding, twisting, knot and so on, combing and weaving more hair style, and according to the dynasty, identity, age, personality, such as the combination of the use of the good, you can create a better women's hair style.

Tang Dynasty women's hair in many forms. Tang Duan Cheng style in the "buns and maids" wrote: "Gaozu Palace has a half-turned bun, anti-bun, Leyou bun. In the palace of Emperor Ming, there are double-ringed buns, migratory bird buns, and buns of Guifei's sadness. In Zhengyuan, there was a bun of submission and a bun of sweeping makeup. In Chang'an City, there are hovering buns and swan buns, and there are also casting home buns and bonobo buns". In addition, in the "makeup table record", as well as the "New Tang Book", "Chinese ancient and modern note" and other books, there are also women's hair buns in the Tang Dynasty style description. Cultural relics archaeologists have been in the Tang Dynasty tombs unearthed terracotta figurines, as well as the stone coffin line carving, murals, see some of the ancient books such as the description of the hair bun style, but none of them are not as concentrated and varied as the terracotta figurines I found in Xi'an eastern suburb of the Tang Chang'an Pingkangfang, western suburb of the Liquan Square, three-color kiln unearthed terracotta figurines hair so concentrated and varied in kind. Now I found and collect the Tang Chang'an three-color kiln pottery figurines of ladies and their hair style are introduced, in order to peep from the side of the Tang women's colorful hair style of the Tang dynasty society's prosperity and openness.

In 1368 A.D., Zhu Yuanzhang, the famous ancestor, became the emperor in Yingtian and established the state name Ming. After the founding of the Ming Dynasty, a series of pragmatic measures were taken to facilitate the restoration of production. As a result of the increase in productivity, the market expanded further, new types of industries emerged, some industrial cities were formed, and the unified multi-ethnic state was further consolidated. After the Ming Dynasty seized power from the Mongol-ruled Yuan Dynasty, it emphasized the rectification of rituals that did not conform to Han customs, and mostly adopted and restored the systems and customs of the Tang and Song dynasties. From the collected data, the Ming women's hair style, although not as rich and diverse as in the Tang and Song dynasties, but also has some of the characteristics of its own era.

Basic inheritance of the early Ming Dynasty Song and Yuan hair style, to be after the Jiajing women's hair style has changed significantly, "peach bun" was the more fashionable hair style, women's hair buns combed into a flat circle, and then in the top of the bun decorated with flowers. Later, it evolved into a gold and silver wire knot, and the bun was combed high. The top of the bun was also decorated with jewels and jades. "Peach blossom bun" of the deformation of the hair style, a variety of patterns, such as "peach tip topknot", "goose gall bladder bun" and imitation of the Han Dynasty's "Fallen Horse Bun "

Double Buns

Double screw bun: Ming Dynasty double screw bun, its shape is similar to the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period of screw bun. Known as the "handle", it is a kind of simple and generous hair style favored by Jiangnan women, especially the maiden who combed this bun more, and its bun style is rich and varied, and popular among the folk women.

False bun: also known as bun, for the Ming Dynasty palace maids, women loved. At that time, there were "palace women more high bun, folk like low bun" said. Most of these fake bun form imitation of ancient times, the system for the first wire braided circle, and then coiled and woven on the hair to become a kind of makeup to be used. The end of the Ming and early Qing dynasties is particularly fashionable, in some jewelry stores, there are ready-made fake buns for sale.

Headband: also known as the "forehead". It was very popular in the Ming Dynasty with both old women and young women. A headband is said to have evolved from the original "head", initially to zongzi silk knitting and become a net to hold hair only, the first fashion wide and then line narrow, its practicality for hair with, and both decorative, take a narrow one tied in the forehead above the eyebrows. This ornament has been around since the Ming Dynasty.

Peony head: a kind of high bun, popular in Suzhou and gradually spread to the north. You Dong's poem: "It is said that Jiangnan is one foot high, and the six palaces compete to learn the peony head." People say it is so heavy that they can't lift their heads, describing its hair style as tall, about seven inches in actuality, with fluffy sideburns and moist buns, and double locks of hair at the end of the bun. This hair style, generally filled with wigs to pad.

Ming Dynasty courtesan bun hair style, wearing a lotus flower crown, hairpin

Qing Dynasty hairstyle analysis

The ancestors of the Qing Dynasty, for the original Manchus living in northeastern China. During the peasant revolts at the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Manchu aristocracy took advantage of the situation and established the Qing Dynasty in Beijing in 1644, which went through three phases during the 237 years between then and the end of the Qing Dynasty in 1911. The first stage was a unified multi-ethnic state and gained consolidation, the middle stage saw further socio-economic development and the beginning of the sprouting of capitalism, and the end stage stepped into the decline and disintegration of the feudal social system.

After the Qing rulers established their power in Guannai, they forced the Han Chinese to follow the customs of the Manchus, and shaving their hair and keeping it in a braid was one of them. Women's hair and makeup in the early Qing Dynasty also retained their own ethnic characteristics, and then gradually changed significantly. Bun on the decorations, do not use gold and silver, but more beads and emeralds, which is characterized by the Chongzhen years. The middle revered high bun, such as the imitation of Manchu courtesans hair style, is the hair are divided into two, called "fork head", in the back of the head hanging locks of hair, trimmed into two sharp corners, called "swallow tail". Since then, it has been popularized as "flat three sets" or "Suzhou pout". This bun is suitable for both young and old, changing the custom of high bun. Hair decoration is also characterized by the "crown" is an example of the elderly women more good. There is also "a word head" luxury, as high as the pagoda, the royal family favored the big pull the wings is one of the most famous one.

High bun: the high bun in the Qing Dynasty are to wig mixed and padded combing and become, such as Kangxi, Qianlong years popular peony head, lotus head, pot head is such. Its style is luxurious, towering up to more than seven inches high, like a blooming peony, lotus. The back of the head combed into a flat three-layer disk, and fixed with a hairpin or hairpin, after the bun for the swallow-tailed, pot head is shaped like an overflowing pellet, so the bun hair combing complicated, so to the end of the Qing Dynasty when the wind of hair-cutting is prevalent, and gradually tended to be phased out.

Dala wing: also known as the "flag bun", is the most characteristic of Manchu women in the Qing Dynasty, set hair styling and makeup in one of the famous hair style. Its combing method is particularly complex, is influenced by the Han Chinese women "Ruyi head" and evolved for the Qing court ladies loved.

Crown, codification: the Qing Dynasty elderly women in the bun with a cover of hard paper and black satin made of ornaments, embroidered with auspicious patterns, longevity, etc., with hairpin cuttings in the bun. Middle-aged women are wearing more braided with bristled hemp, and then framed with satin "compilation", and then decorated with flowers, etc., more show its beauty and gorgeous color. Codification of the shape of a shoe, only two walls, and later evolved into not directly with the codification, called the "real codification", the actual is on the head of the disk a Yuan bun only.