Folk prescription: the making method of TCM common sense and TCM syndrome differentiation of lung cancer

The symptoms of lung cancer are complex and usually vary according to the location, size, type, development stage, metastasis or complications of the cancer. Early symptoms may be asymptomatic or mild. Symptoms of central lung cancer appear earlier, while peripheral lung cancer appears later. It is generally believed that cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, fever and shortness of breath are more common in various syndromes of lung cancer. Syndrome characteristics are as follows:

1. Cough is the most common early symptom. Patients often have paroxysmal choking cough, or high obstructive cough, no sputum or only a small amount of white mucus sputum. If the expectoration is unfavorable, or the phlegm and blood stasis turn into heat, the cough will increase sharply, the phlegm will be yellow and sticky, the tongue will be red and yellow, and the pulse will be rapid. If it lasts for a long time, the lung yin and lung qi will be damaged. Symptoms such as dry cough, hemoptysis, low fever, night sweats and red tongue can be seen in lung yin injury; Symptoms such as low cough, shortness of breath, spontaneous sweating, fatigue and red tongue can be seen in lung qi injury. At the end of the disease, you will see evidence of the decline of qi, blood, yin and yang, such as low cough, sitting and lying asthma, hoarseness, swollen lips and swollen face.

2. In the early stage of hemoptysis, people close to the airway can hemoptysis first, the amount can be more or less, the color is bright red, or it is dark white foam, or the blood in sputum is not mixed, accompanied by carrion; Damage to collaterals or rupture of cancer nests and cavities can lead to bleeding, airway obstruction and asphyxia, or sudden death of qi due to blood loss. Hemoptysis due to deficiency syndrome cannot be stopped by itself, and phlegm and blood are mixed for a long time. But most of them are first real and then virtual, and the actual situation is mixed.

3. Patients with chest pain have different degrees of chest pain. In the early stage of lung cancer, chest pain is not enough, chest tightness is full, pain is not fixed, and most of them are qi stagnation; If the blood stasis is not good in the later stage, the pain will be severe at night, fixed like a cone thorn, or even all day, and the pain will be unbearable. What's more, it will hurt the muscles and bones, and the meat will be rotten, and the pain will not be rolled over.

4. In the early stage of shortness of breath, healthy qi did not drop significantly, and breathing was loud and thick, and chest tightness was more common in evidence. In the later stage, the evil toxin is entrenched day by day, and the qi and yin of the lungs are damaged, so the shortness of breath is low and timid, and the chest tightness is not very urgent, especially because the lack of qi can not get a rest, so the exercise is particularly serious, and it is as quiet as lying down and not working hard. This is an evil reality and deficiency.

5. Fever is a common syndrome of lung cancer, which is generally caused by internal heat due to yin deficiency. Therefore, fever often occurs in the afternoon or at night, or hands and feet are hot, accompanied by symptoms such as upset, night sweats, dry mouth and dry throat. Fever can also be caused by phlegm and blood stasis and heat toxin, which is strong and lasting.

In the advanced stage of lung cancer, cancer toxin can cause emaciation and fatigue. Distant metastasis of different parts often causes corresponding symptoms.

Etiology and pathogenesis

So far, the cause of lung cancer has not been fully understood. However, according to the pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of the patients, we can know that the occurrence of the disease is closely related to the damage of vital qi and the invasion of evil spirits.

1. Deficiency of healthy qi "Healthy qi exists inside, and evil cannot be done", "Where evil is combined, its qi will be insufficient". Deficiency of vital qi and imbalance of viscera and yin and yang are the main foundations of lung cancer. The so-called "accumulation of healthy qi, lack of healthy qi, the prevalence of evil." Old and weak, chronic lung disease. Lung qi deficiency; Or injured by seven emotions, qi is contrary to qi stagnation, and the lifting is unbalanced; Or overwork, loss of lung qi and lung yin, foreign pathogens taking advantage of it, lingering foreign pathogens, poor qi movement, and finally leading to lung blood stasis and mass.

2. The connotation of tobacco poison Gu Songyuan in Qing Dynasty thought: "Smoke is the most pungent and hot." Long-term smoking, hot burning of body fluid and internal consumption of vaginal fluid lead to deficiency of lung yin, deficiency of qi with yin, ignorance of lung and obstruction of airway, which leads to phlegm-dampness and blood stasis coagulation and formation of tumor.

3. Pathogens invade the lungs, and the lungs are delicate and vulnerable to pathogens, such as industrial waste gas, asbestos, ore dust, coal tar smoke and radioactive substances. , leading to lung qi stagnation, lung qi stagnation, and then poor blood stasis, toxic and blood stasis intertwined, long-term block.

4. Phlegm dampness gathers the lung and spleen as the source of phlegm, and the lung is the reservoir of phlegm. Spleen governs transport and transformation, spleen deficiency is unbalanced, and Shui Gu's subtle energy can be biochemical transport and transformation, which causes dampness to accumulate and produce phlegm and stay in the lungs; Or improper diet, wet water and turbid phlegm, phlegm accumulating in lung collaterals, abnormal lung qi spreading and descending, and stagnation of phlegm, which further leads to stagnation of qi and blood, accumulation of toxic substances in the chest, and gradually forms a lump.

In a word, lung cancer is caused by deficiency of vital qi, imbalance of yin and yang, pathogenic qi invading the lung due to deficiency, and stagnation of pathogenic qi in the lung, which leads to dysfunction of lung function, stagnation of lung qi, obstruction of blood circulation, loss of body fluid, accumulation of phlegm, stagnation of phlegm and qi, and obstruction of collaterals. Over time, blood stasis and toxic knot and lung mass are formed. So lung cancer is caused by deficiency, not deficiency. It is a kind of general weakness, and some of them are really sick. Deficiency syndrome of lung cancer is mostly caused by yin deficiency and deficiency of both qi and yin, but in fact it is nothing more than pathological changes of qi stagnation and blood stasis, phlegm coagulation and toxic accumulation.

diagnose

1. recent choking cough, persistent dry cough for several weeks, or repeated hemoptysis, or intractable chest pain, shortness of breath, fever, emaciation and fatigue with unknown reasons.

2. Men over 40 years old with a long history of smoking.

3. Sputum cytology is one of the important methods for objective diagnosis of lung cancer, and the positive rate is about 80%, which can be improved by repeated examination.

4. Chest X-ray, CT photography and bronchography are helpful for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

5. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is also an important method to find central early lung cancer.

In addition, for cases with high clinical suspicion of lung cancer, lung biopsy can be done or thoracotomy can be done in time if the above examination can not be diagnosed.

Key points of syndrome differentiation

1. The occurrence of lung cancer is mostly related to lung qi deficiency and phlegm-dampness and blood stasis. In the early stage of lung cancer, qi stagnation, blood stasis, phlegm-dampness and toxic accumulation are common, mainly evil and excess; In the late stage of lung cancer, deficiency of yin, toxic heat and deficiency of both qi and yin are more common, with deficiency of positive energy as the main factor. Many clinical cases are more complicated, and the mixture of excess and deficiency is more common.

2. Differentiating the rise and fall of evil lung cancer is a highly malignant tumor with rapid development and rapid changes. Distinguishing the rise and fall of yin and evil is the key to grasp the treatment principle of strengthening the body resistance and eliminating evil and to rationally send prescriptions and drugs. Generally speaking, lung cancer and symptoms are obvious, but the patient's body is still very abundant, his life, physical strength, activities, diet and so on. Not hindered. At this time, most of them are filled with evil spirits, healthy qi is still flourishing, and good and evil contend; For example, extensive lung invasion or multiple metastases, poor general condition, emaciation, fatigue, weakness, lack of food, difficulties in living activities, complex and changeable symptoms, mostly lack of positive energy and excess negative energy.

Principles of treatment

Strengthening the body resistance and eliminating pathogenic factors, treating both the symptoms and root causes are the basic principles for treating lung cancer. The whole disease belongs to deficiency, and the local disease is true, based on the deficiency of righteousness and marked by the fact of evil. Pathogen is the main factor in the early stage of lung cancer, and the treatment should be based on promoting qi and blood circulation, removing blood stasis and softening hard mass, clearing heat and resolving phlegm. Eliminating dampness and detoxifying; In the late stage of lung cancer, the deficiency of positive energy is the main factor, and the treatment should be based on strengthening the body resistance and eliminating pathogenic factors, and the methods of nourishing yin and clearing heat, detoxifying and resolving hard mass, benefiting qi and nourishing yin, resolving phlegm and clearing heat are adopted respectively. Clinically, according to the mutual understanding of excess and deficiency, as well as the specific situation of each patient, the specimens should be treated appropriately according to the priorities. Because lung cancer patients have insufficient vital energy, low anti-cancer ability and obvious asthenia, they should always maintain vital energy and protect stomach qi during treatment, and put the principle of strengthening vital energy and fighting cancer throughout the whole process of lung cancer treatment.

Diagnosis and treatment based on comprehensive analysis of diseases and patients' conditions

1. Qi and blood stasis

Symptoms: unsmooth cough, chest tightness, chest pain accompanied by a fixed place, such as a prickly cone, or dark red sputum and blood, dark purple lips, dark tongue or ecchymosis, thin fur, thin or astringent pulse.

Treatment: promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and qi stagnation.

Prescription: Taohong Siwu Decoction is flavored. This prescription uses Siwu decoction to regulate blood and remove blood stasis, and is compatible with peach kernel, safflower, peony bark, Rhizoma Cyperi and Rhizoma Corydalis. Dredging collaterals and promoting blood circulation, promoting qi circulation and relieving pain. When hemoptysis is repeated, Pollen Typhae, Nelumbo nucifera, Herba et Gemma Agrimoniae, Notoginseng Radix and Radix Rubiae are added to remove blood stasis and stop bleeding; Blood stasis blocks heat, impairs qi and body fluid, dry tongue, Gaza Ginseng, Trichosanthis Radix, Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Scrophulariae, Rhizoma Anemarrhenae, etc. Clearing heat and nourishing yin, promoting fluid production; Radix Astragali, Radix Codonopsis and Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae can be added for those who eat less, feel weak and have short breath.

2. Phlegm and dampness accumulate in the lungs

Symptoms: cough, expectoration, choking, thick and sticky sputum, white or yellowish white sputum, chest tightness and chest pain, poor defecation, mental fatigue, dark tongue, yellow or thick coating, and slippery pulse.

Treatment: promoting qi and resolving phlegm, invigorating spleen and drying dampness.

Prescription: Erchen decoction combined with Bulbus Allii Macrostemon and Pinellia decoction. Erchen decoction regulates qi, dries dampness and resolves phlegm, which is helpful to promote qi circulation and resolve phlegm, broaden chest and disperse stagnation when used together with Bulbus Allii Stellati and Banxia decoction. If you see chest tightness, severe asthma and cough, you can add Zanzibar Jujube Xie Fei Decoction to clear the lung and promote blood circulation. If phlegm and blood stasis turn into heat, clam shell, houttuynia cordata, buckwheat and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi are added to clear phlegm and clear heat. For patients with severe chest pain and obvious blood stasis, Radix Curcumae, Rhizoma Chuanxiong and Rhizoma Corydalis are added to remove blood stasis and relieve pain; For those who are tired and ignorant, Radix Codonopsis, Atractylodis Rhizoma and Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli are added to strengthen the spleen and help transport.

3. Yin deficiency and heat toxicity

Symptoms: cough with no or little phlegm, or blood in sputum, even persistent hemoptysis, chest pain, irritability and insomnia, low fever and night sweats, or high fever, persistent thirst, constipation, red tongue, thin yellow tongue coating, and thready or rapid pulse.

Treatment: nourishing yin and clearing away heat, detoxifying and resolving stagnation.

Prescription: Shashen Maidong Decoction combined with Wuwei Disinfection Drink. In the prescription, Radix Adenophorae, Rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, Radix Ophiopogonis, Radix Glycyrrhizae, Folium Mori, Trichosanthis Radix and raw lentils are used to nourish yin and clear heat. Flos Lonicerae, Flos Chrysanthemi Indici, Herba Taraxaci, Herba Violae, and Herba Gynostemmatis have the effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials. If hemoptysis persists, Radix Rehmanniae, Rhizoma Imperatae, Herba et Gemma Agrimoniae, Rhizoma Cynanchi Stauntonii and Radix Notoginseng can be added to cool blood and stop bleeding; Trichosanthes and peach kernels dry stool, moisten dryness and relax bowels; Low-grade night sweats are added with Cortex Lycii, Cynanchum atratum and Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis to nourish yin, clear heat and astringe sweat.

4. Deficiency of both Qi and Yin

Symptoms: cough with little sputum, or thin and sticky sputum, low and weak cough, shortness of breath and fatigue, pale face, thin and turbid wind, spontaneous sweating or night sweats, dry mouth and little drink, red or light tongue, and thready pulse.

Treatment: supplementing qi and nourishing yin.

Prescription: Shengmai Drink. In this prescription, Codonopsis pilosula is used to replenish lung qi, Ophiopogon japonicus is used to nourish yin and promote fluid production, and Schisandra chinensis is used to converge and replenish lung liquid. Together, the three herbs have the functions of benefiting qi and nourishing yin, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst.

Radix Astragali, Radix Pseudostellariae, Atractylodis Rhizoma, etc. It is added for patients with obvious symptoms of qi deficiency. Radix Glehniae, Radix Asparagi, Radix Scrophulariae and Bulbus Lilii are added for nourishing yin and promoting fluid production; Such as adverse expectoration, Fritillaria, Trichosanthes kirilowii, almonds, etc. If phlegm is less sticky, clearing lung and resolving phlegm can be added. If both lung and kidney suffer from diseases, yin impairs yang and yang deficiency, Rhizoma Curculiginis, Herba Epimedii, Radix Morindae Officinalis, Herba Cistanches and Fructus Psoraleae can be added to warm and tonify kidney yang. In the above-mentioned syndrome, if there are serious symptoms such as superior vena cava compression syndrome, such as cyanosis and edema of face and upper chest, hoarseness, headache and dizziness, dyspnea and even coma, severe cases can die in a short time. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment can relieve blood stasis and edema in some patients, promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis, and promote diuresis and detumescence. Commonly used prescriptions such as Tongqiao Huoxue decoction, Wuling powder, Wuling decoction, Zhenwu decoction, etc. If the symptoms of oppression are mild, Fang Yaozhong can be treated according to syndrome differentiation, and Lepidium, Polyporus, Herba Ephedrae and Herba Leonuri can be added. Clearing away lung-heat, dredging fu-organs, promoting blood circulation and inducing diuresis can be added. In the long-term clinical study of lung cancer, some commonly used anti-cancer traditional Chinese medicines, such as heat-clearing and detoxification drugs, such as Houttuynia cordata, Solanum nigrum and Solanum lyratum Thunb, have been screened out. , Hedyotis diffusa, Folium Isatidis, Rhizoma Paridis, Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis, Herba Taraxaci, Nongjili, Sabina vulgaris, Flos Chrysanthemi Indici, Fagopyrum Fagopyrum, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, etc. Drugs for resolving phlegm and resolving stagnation: Prunella Spica, Shā rotto Katakuri, Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, Rhizoma Dioscoreae, Fructus Trichosanthis, Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae, Rhizoma Arisaematis, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Semen Armeniacae Amarum, Radix Stemonae, Aristolochiae, Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae, Smilax China, Shougong and dried toad skin. Drugs for promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding: Olibanum, Myrrha, Peach Kernel, Sanguisorba officinalis, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Squama Manis, Rhizoma Sparganii, Rhizoma Curcumae, Herba Lycopi, Herba Polygoni Avicularis, Radix Clematidis, Radix Arnebiae, Rhizoma Corydalis, Radix Curcumae, Lignum Sappan, Chelidonium majus, Xu Changqing, Melaleuca, Notoginseng, etc. Diuretics: Lepidium, Euphorbia, Daphne genkwa, Phytolacca acinosa, Plantaginis, Polyporus, Alisma orientalis, etc. These anticancer drugs can be selected on the basis of syndrome differentiation and treatment, combined with the specific situation of lung cancer.

prognosis

Generally speaking, at the beginning, it was mostly phlegm and blood stasis, focusing on evidence rather than making false reports. The body is still healthy and vigorous, and the condition can be improved through adjustment and treatment. If it is not controlled, the evil toxin will damage the healthy qi, the lung and spleen will be weak, and the evil toxin will not be able to restrain the evil. Pathogenic toxin can further spread to the lungs, or flow to the subcutaneous skin, or flow into the viscera fascia, or disturb the orifices on the bones of limbs. Bone marrow will erode the bones, or pathogenic toxin will even blind the orifices. Exhaustion, gas consumption and blood injury, yin and yang injury, weight loss when meeting each other, "meat loss" and other debilitating symptoms often indicate that patients have entered the dying stage. As for some patients with postoperative recurrence of lung cancer, they may change from qi deficiency to yang deficiency, and then gradually become essence and blood deficiency. Clinically, they can provide testimony of lung, spleen, kidney, qi and yin injuries, indicating that the condition is extremely serious and the treatment effect is extremely poor. In addition, "phlegm heat" is often a side of the pathological evolution of lung cancer, and its mechanism is mostly caused by phlegm and blood stasis. The direct cause of phlegm stasis and heat change is that the cancer blocks the bronchus, which leads to poor drainage of sputum and secondary infection. Once this change occurs, it is necessary to adopt truncation method in clinical treatment in order to control the thermal image quickly and prevent the rapid deterioration of the disease.

Prevention and adjustment

Although there is no exact way to prevent this disease, strengthening exercise, enhancing the body's disease resistance and avoiding long-term carcinogenic factors can reduce the incidence. At present, it is recognized that smoking is an important factor leading to lung cancer, and we should actively publicize the harm of smoking and advocate quitting smoking. Tar, coal tar, chromium, etc. Contact with lung cancer should also be avoided or reduced. Ionizing radiation is also a factor leading to lung cancer, so certain protective measures should be taken. Usually, patients should be as cheerful as possible, and sometimes they should keep the indoor air fresh, pay attention to cold and warmth, and prevent secondary lung infection caused by exogenous pathogens. Eat less sticky food and eat more mushrooms, coix seed, kelp and other foods.

Remind you: Traditional Chinese medicine's prescription for treating lung cancer based on syndrome differentiation comes from the Internet. Please follow the doctor's advice before use.