Ancient Chinese medicine surgery is very advanced Why is it lost?

Modern people generally believe that Western medicine can only do surgery, Chinese medicine is how to do surgery? In fact, in ancient China, Chinese medicine surgery has been very developed, there are many records in ancient books.

There is a very famous book in the Sui Dynasty, called "the origin of all diseases," written by the Imperial Doctor Chao Yuanfang, which has a narrative: "Golden sores intestinal breakers, intestines at both ends of the see, can be quickly renewed. First, the needle strands such as law, continuous broken intestine, then take the chicken blood coated its intersection, do not let the gas leakage, that is, push the inner (Na). But the sores are painful, when the raw silk strands tied, extinct its blood." This text describes the process of a patient's intestines broken, the physician through surgery, the intestines renewed.

So, what specific tools did ancient Chinese doctors use to do surgery, and how did they operate? Chinese medicine surgery and why has not been passed down?

Anesthetics for surgery in ancient Chinese medicine ?

When it comes to ancient surgery, the first thing that comes to mind is Hua Tuo, who is recognized as the originator of Chinese medicine surgery. Hua Tuo's invention of the anesthesia is the world's first anesthesia. After the patient took the anesthetic with wine, the body lost consciousness, and then the surgeon could "cut through the back of the abdomen and draw out the accumulations", that is to say, cut open the abdomen and remove the lumps.

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Unfortunately, the hemp boiling san later lost. But there were other anesthetics that came after Ma Bo San.

For example, Chen Shikong, a Ming Dynasty surgeon, wrote in "Surgical Zhengzong" that he used "Hui Xiangcao San" anesthesia in nasal polyp surgery. Back to the vanilla is back to vanilla, galangal two medicines made of local anesthetics. He wrote in the book: first blow into the nasal mucosa twice, and then use a silk thread on the root of the nasal polyps, twisted, down a pull, polyps will fall off.

What was the ancient scalpel like? ?

Long before Hua Tuo, there have been many accounts of Chinese surgical instruments. The Classic of Mountains and Seas recorded, "Gao's mountain, on which there is a lot of jade, there are stones that can be used for acupuncture needles, which can be used to break carbuncles and swellings." Suwen also recorded, "The eastern region? Their diseases are all carbuncles and ulcers, and their treatment is suitable for acupuncture."

At that time, people used acupuncture stone made into a variety of medical instruments, such as acupuncture needles, acupuncture sickle, and have different sizes. The acupuncture sickle is similar to a razor blade, can be used to cut off the tumor, cut off the rotting flesh. The acupuncture sickle unearthed at the Shang Dynasty site in Taisi, Hebei Province, 3,400 years ago, is the world's earliest scalpel. Not only that, the stone itself is also used for health treatment, have the effect of regulating qi and blood, dredge meridians. Modern medicine has also found that stone contains at least thirty kinds of trace elements that are beneficial to the human body.

With the popularization of copper, iron, people began to use copper and iron and other metals made of needles, knives, sickles and many other surgical instruments.

After the Qin and Han Dynasties, surgical instruments continue to develop. In the Tang Dynasty, there were forceps, scissors and other common surgical instruments in the excavated artifacts, and in the Song Dynasty, there were complete common surgical instruments, such as needles, scissors, knives, pincers, and chisels, which were recorded in the books of "The World's Medical Doctor's Effective Formulas" and "Inscription of Yong Classes", and so on. Jiangyin County, Jiangsu Province, has unearthed a number of Ming Dynasty medical equipment, in addition to iron and copper flat-bladed knives, small scissors, forceps, and a willow-leaf surgical knife, one end of a pointed edge, and modern scalpels are very similar.

The Qing Dynasty physician He Jingcai wrote "Surgery Mingyinji", a brief description of the open sore knife, three-pronged needle, flat-bladed knife, moon blade knife, scissors, tweezers, several types of surgical instruments. The most thin sharp knife, to take its speed into the rush out; three-pronged needle stabbing release stagnant blood, take its piercing wide open, so that the juice through the flow; flat blade knife to cut off the dead rot skin, with the handy handy; moon blade knife to cut off the deep within the stasis; tweezers clip pinch the skin of the remaining stubborn corrosion, so that the knife cut more convenient.

Mulberry skin thread: the earliest surgical suture invented in China

In the Sui and Tang dynasties, in addition to the formation of a more complete wound closure, the material used to close wounds has also been improved and enhanced. The most important invention was the use of mulberry thread to suture the intestines and skin, which was widely used in clinical practice and achieved good results.

Suturing is an important invention in the history of Chinese surgery. "Mulberry thread is one of the commonly used sutures. "Censored formula" recorded the treatment of gold sores intestinal out of the method, "mulberry skin fine line suture intestinal re-skin, with powdered powder of Pu Huang." The Song Dynasty's "Plugged-in Vehicle Journal" wrote, "? to cut themselves with a knife, the collection of immortality, the doctor to mulberry skin sewing its wounds, Fu medicine."

According to the old generation of Chinese medicine practitioners, the method of making mulberry skin thread, is to first dial off the outer skin, on the inner layer of the selection of the thicker tendon lines, tear off. Then take the outer skin, wipe the fine line from head to tail seven times, so that the fine line is smooth as silk, put away and put away. When it is time to use it, steam it over the steam of boiling water, and the fine threads will be as soft as new. Mulberry thread can be absorbed by the body, so the suture does not need to be removed.

Mulberry thread is easy to take, and not easy to break. Not only that, the mulberry skin itself is calm, more heat and detoxification, and promote wound healing.

Ming Yu Shenxing "Valley Mountain Pen Dust" in a more detailed case: Wu Zetian long life of three years, some people reported that the heir Li Dan (i.e., Ruizong), "potential foreign conspiracy". The notorious coolie Lai Junchen tortured the people around Li Dan, forcing them to confess to the crime of "plotting against the emperor".

An Jinzang, a permanent worker, preferred to die and said to Lai Junchen, "If you don't believe that what I said is true, I would rather dig out my heart to prove that the heir is not rebellious, and immediately pulled out his sword and dissected his chest, exposing his five organs, and his blood flowed all over the place. This act made Wu Zetian suddenly wake up, so he ordered An Jinzang to be sent to the palace for treatment. Doctors will be its five viscera reset, with mulberry skin line suture wound, dressing wound healing drugs, the patient by the night began to recover. Wu Zetian thus canceled the pursuit of Li Dan.

How to disinfect the patient, stop bleeding? ?

Ancient surgery has a variety of ointments, medicinal washing, and another to remove corrosion, muscle growth, astringent healing and other surgical good drugs, to help stop bleeding after surgery, healing.

Why has Chinese surgery not survived to this day? ?

The discovery of these surgical instruments, as well as the records of surgical methods and medicines used in ancient books, are sufficient to illustrate the level of development of ancient Chinese surgery. Unfortunately, much of the essence has not been passed down, so few modern people would associate Chinese medicine with surgery.

The reason for this is partly due to the gradual westernization of people's thinking, and partly due to changes in the habits of Chinese medicine, and even in the social environment as a whole.

Chinese medicine passes on disciples, similar to Taoism. Although a competent physician will accept many disciples, only one of them can get the master's real transmission. Some Chinese medicine practitioners with ancestral recipes and precious experience often have to find the one with good morals, heart, and enlightenment, and ensure that after learning, the person with both medical ethics and skills will pass on the real essence.

And in today's society, Chinese medicine education is also generally westernized, and Chinese medicine practitioners are required to undergo western medical education, obtain academic qualifications and certifications in order to be recognized by society. Some folk Chinese medicine practitioners, although they have inherited good medical skills, are not accepted because they do not have modern academic qualifications. Coupled with today's social chaos, making it difficult for ordinary people to distinguish, the truly precious things are also difficult to be found and preserved.