Overview of international trade

International trade refers to the exchange of goods and services between different countries (and/or regions). International trade is the international transfer of goods and services. International trade is also called world trade.

International trade consists of import trade and export trade, so it is sometimes called import and export trade.

From a country's perspective, international trade is foreign trade.

2. How did international trade come into being?

International trade is produced and developed under specific historical conditions. The two basic conditions for the formation of international trade are:

(1) the development of social productive forces;

(2) the formation of the country.

The development of social productive forces produces surplus commodities for exchange, which are exchanged between countries and produce international trade.

3, the difference between international trade and foreign trade

Foreign trade refers to the exchange of goods, technologies and services between a country (or region) and other countries (or regions). Therefore, when referring to foreign trade, we should point out specific countries. For example, the foreign trade of China; Some island countries, such as Britain and Japan, also call foreign trade overseas.

4. Characteristics of international trade

(1) is much more difficult. International trade usually involves major economic interests between countries. The factors that affect the smooth operation of international trade include: ① In order to compete for the international market and protect domestic industries and markets, countries often take many tariff and non-tariff measures to restrict the import of foreign goods, which brings difficulties to international trade. The differences in languages, laws and customs of different countries have also brought many inconveniences to international trade. (3) The international market is changeable, and there will be many difficulties in market research and customer credit investigation.

(2) High complexity. In international trade, the transportation distance of goods is long, the possibility of risks is high, and the transportation and insurance involved are also very complicated. Moreover, due to the differences of weights and measures system, monetary system, foreign exchange management system and exchange rate system in different countries, it is also very complicated in terms of the quantity of goods bought and sold and the settlement of payment for goods.

(3) High risk. Internationally, the risks encountered are far greater than domestic trade. The customer's credit reporting department will actually lead to credit risk; Long transportation mileage will lead to transportation risks; The rapid failure of international market price will lead to price risk; Exchange rate changes will lead to foreign exchange risks; Various reasons of importers will lead to commercial risks; Changes in policies and measures of trading countries will lead to policy risks.