How to optimize the design of ideological and moral classroom teaching

How to optimize the ideological and moral classroom teaching design 1 Highlight the function of moral education and pay attention to emotional edification.

In recent years, the test questions in the experimental area of curriculum reform focus on highlighting the disciplinary characteristics of moral education courses, constantly enriching students' thoughts and feelings, truly internalizing the moral knowledge they have learned, and embodying the educational and ideological nature (disciplinary nature and function) of the test questions. On the one hand, these questions focus on promoting the main theme, inspiring the national spirit, paying attention to positive guidance, publicizing the major policies of the party and the state, and helping students establish correct positions and viewpoints; On the other hand, it is also necessary to correct students' wrong behavior, cultivate students to establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, encourage students to tell the truth, tell the truth and do practical things, and be an honest student, so that students can be tested for their moral ability in the process of answering questions and improve their moral quality.

For example: Chongqing senior high school entrance examination political questions

Material: "But how much love does an inch of grass have, and you got three spring rays?" This is a topic that has been questioned for thousands of years. A son made his own answer with his body in 2004. He gave back a part of his life-the kidney-to his dying mother. The mother's life may still be fragile, but the sincerity of the dutiful son is rock solid. In 2004, Tian, the person of the year in China, was moved and all the mothers in the world were comforted.

Read the above materials and answer the following questions:

(1) Please comment on the behavior of the owner in the above materials.

(2) Please use the simplest language to voice-over this material to express your attitude.

(3) The second Sunday in May is Mother's Day every year. What are you going to do for your mother on this day?

Analysis: The purpose of this question is to examine students' moral accumulation in daily study and their ability to analyze problems with moral knowledge. Without rich life accumulation, good moral quality and deep understanding of life, it is difficult to make a comprehensive and correct analysis. Supporting and assisting parents is not only the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation, but also the obligation of adult children stipulated by law. However, in real life, very few adult children ignore their parents' painstaking upbringing and education, dislike the elderly and refuse to support them, which makes their parents chilling and condemned by society. Based on the above knowledge and phenomena, this topic takes the story that touched China's character field in 2004 as the material, and gives positive guidance and education to the candidates, so that students can deeply realize that filial piety is a recognized social virtue, and those who honor their parents will be respected and praised by others.

Teaching strategy: It is the essential requirement of ideological and moral course to educate students, to form correct outlook on life and values, and to guide students to practice. Then, in classroom teaching, how should students gradually form the attitudes, abilities, values and behaviors that citizens should have, that is, how to cultivate students' emotions, attitudes and values?

Cultivating students' feelings, attitudes and values is based on expanding students' life accumulation and improving students' ability to observe and feel life. It is difficult to make a comprehensive and correct analysis without rich life accumulation, good moral quality and profound life sentiment. Our set of teaching materials is based on students' expanding their lives, permeated with education that allows students to learn to be human. Such as strong will, ability to overcome setbacks, communication with friends, tolerance for others, acceptance of oneself, empathy and goodwill for others; Be a responsible citizen, care about the life and health of others, and so on! It can be said that it is a textbook for students and teachers. To this end, we believe that teachers should guide students to do the following work.

(1) Exchange personal experiences, communicate with each other and inspire each other-realize life.

(2) Collect typical data, feel life, promote patriotism and love for hometown-stimulate emotions.

(3) Collect typical cases, touch students' hearts, enhance their awareness of abiding by the law-establish correct attitudes and values.

(4) personally participate in practice, enhance the sense of responsibility-experience life.

(5) Pay attention to role models and show them-infect students.

(6) Pay attention to social hotspots and be close to students' life-let moral education return to life.

(7) Create life scenes to let students know what they should and should not do from life-a clear attitude.

As an ideological and moral teacher, we should pay close attention to students' emotional life, emotional life and moral life, so that the classroom is not only a temple for imparting knowledge, but also a temple for cultivating personality. Accept moral baptism with my classmates, and I believe we will all become models of being human.

Second, pay attention to ability inspection and emphasize process method.

In recent years, inquiry and practice questions have become the questions of senior high school entrance examinations in various places, which embodies the basic concept of curriculum reform. Inquiry questions generally require students to "enter the role" and re-create by giving vivid background materials, setting certain scenes, providing certain conditions and proposing certain topics. The focus of the test questions is activity and inquiry, which aims to examine students' ability to apply what they have learned, explore independently and innovate independently by using what they have learned.

For example, the senior high school entrance examination questions in the experimental area of curriculum reform in Shanxi Province.

Materials: On July 14, 2005, six ministries and commissions in the State Council jointly issued the Notice on Jointly Holding a Series of Activities of China Integrity Construction Achievements Exhibition, which attracted wide attention and attention from various regions and industries. It is generally believed that this is a major event in the construction of honesty and credit, and it is a very important and necessary work in China at present, which will play a positive role in promoting regional economic development and social progress as well as the in-depth development of the national "building honesty and credit" activities. In order to cooperate with this activity, a school decided to hold a debate contest on "building integrity by * * *". The head teacher is looking for a debater and a host.

Pro: Honesty is the mainstream of social development, and it is an irresistible trend.

Counterparty: dishonesty is a common phenomenon in society, and honesty is impossible in real life.

(1) Please provide some typical phenomena (or examples) for the opposing party to prove its point of view.

Officialdom: business:? In the examination room:

(2) If you are a pro-debater, think about what knowledge in junior high school ideological and moral lessons can be a powerful theoretical basis for pro-debater.

(3) If you are the moderator of this debate, please make a final concluding speech around the theme of the debate.

(4) Please take the lead in making a solemn commitment on the letter of commitment of "* * * casting honesty".

Analysis: Based on the honesty closely related to teenagers, this topic skillfully links study and life through practical inquiry activities, and examines students' ability to analyze and solve practical problems. 1' s middle school students want to provide arguments for the opposing side, they must combine the actual life, rely on their usual observation and accumulation of life, and express the phenomenon of dishonesty in society with concise and accurate language. Question 2 requires students to quickly change roles and find answers from what they have learned according to a positive point of view. What we should pay attention to here is to find out the correct knowledge points, so that the found knowledge can truly become a powerful theoretical basis. For example, people should be honest with each other, honesty and credit are one of the principles of regulating economic activities by law, and understanding and integrity are important contents of ideological and moral construction. Question 3 examines the students' ability to sum up, so we should pay attention to grasping it as a whole and sum up the integrity problem from both positive and negative aspects around the debate. The general conclusion is open to some extent. The answer to question 4 is flexible, and students should pay attention to what they can do.

Teaching strategy: "paying attention to cultivating students' ability to understand and analyze social life by using what they have learned" is the reform requirement of the examination proposition of ideological and political course in "Guiding Opinions on the Reform of Junior High School Graduation Entrance Examination" issued by the Ministry of Education. The change from "knowledge view" to "ability view" is the best embodiment of this reform requirement. Doing a good job in ideological and political teaching is accumulation after class, and the key to improving students' ability to analyze and solve problems lies in the classroom. Teachers should optimize the teaching process and methods, pay attention to efficiency for 45 minutes, and make the classroom truly become a training base for students' moral ability and sound personality; Students should actively participate in classroom teaching, and pay attention to cultivating and improving their ability to collect and process information, acquire new knowledge independently, analyze and solve problems and innovate independently. To this end, we should do the following work.

1. Establish a student-oriented development concept, straighten the position of teachers, and realize the equality between teachers and students. Teachers should be the interlocutor, negotiator, promoter and cooperator of students' learning activities, guide students to learn independently and actively explore. The key to the success of classroom teaching is to give students the most thinking. Giving students time and space to think, the teacher's role is to create a situation for students to explore independently, so that students can discover and master knowledge in independent experience and practice activities, and then use knowledge to solve problems independently, so that the knowledge acquired by students is no longer empty and abstract, but concrete and vivid, so that students' observation ability, practical ability and creative thinking ability can be cultivated and developed, and finally the unity of knowledge and ability can be realized.

2. Establish the concept of being close to students, life and reality. Maximize students' enthusiasm for participation and learning, and arouse students' thinking. The content of specific situations must be close to students, life and reality, thus forming a rational understanding and making the teaching process a process of cultivating students' ability to analyze and solve problems. Of course, the creation of situations can be presented in different ways, such as material analysis, sketch performance, students' collection of materials, cartoons, video materials and so on.

3. Establish text awareness and use practical teaching materials. First of all, we should pay attention to the small columns in the text and stimulate students' interest in reading the text through guiding columns; Guide students to use specific materials and situations flexibly to answer some knowledge questions; For the problems closely related to life, students are required to learn to apply textbook knowledge to life, so as to apply what they have learned. Secondly, expand the text space, with the help of students' life experience, expand and tap the learning resources related to students in family, school and social life, and guide students to experience in specific situations, feel in reflection and guide in understanding; Teachers should be good at accumulating materials, constantly expanding the resource space of teaching materials and becoming the developers of teaching resources. As long as teachers have rich life accumulation and profound cultural background, they will naturally have good classes.

Third, the evaluation reflects comprehensiveness and pays attention to the consolidation of basic knowledge.

Knowledge is the foundation of ability and ability is the sublimation of knowledge. Talking about ability without knowledge can only be a castle in the air and passive water. At present, the assessment of students' comprehensive learning has become an important content of teaching evaluation. The comprehensiveness of the test questions can guide students to pay attention to the proper reorganization and integration of what they have learned; On the basis of examining the ability to organize, store, extract, understand, apply, analyze and synthesize the knowledge learned, students' overall grasp of the knowledge structure system is emphasized.

For example: Jiangxi Ganzhou middle school entrance examination questions.

Material: One day, a notice for you at the gate of XX Middle School caught the attention of the students.

(1) If you knew the whereabouts of Li Qing, what knowledge would you use to persuade him to go home?

(2) How can we avoid the recurrence of such tragedies?

Analysis: This topic is based on the unhealthy social phenomenon that teenagers are obsessed with violent games and often hang out in Internet cafes. It is very targeted and colorful. "Looking for you" in the title not only contains a deep call, but also permeates the hatred of "Internet cafe owners" who have lost their conscience. In the crying, parents' tearful eyes seemed to be in front of them, feeling their anxiety. The purpose of this topic is to examine whether students have the ability to think about the causes of tragedy from multiple angles, and at the same time to examine whether students have established the ideology of staying away from violent games and surfing the Internet in a civilized and healthy way.

People can give up some personal hobbies, but never give up noble pursuits; People may not have too much wealth, but they must not have rich thoughts. This kind of comprehensive test questions, which integrates knowledge, life, emotion and education, have appeared in a large number of senior high school entrance examination questions in recent years. They rely on life, blend in with true feelings, ask questions skillfully, lead students to deeply reflect on what they have learned, and constantly purify their spiritual world.

Teaching strategy: Faced with the comprehensiveness of evaluation, students can only cope with it by grasping the knowledge structure of textbooks, mastering the basic knowledge of each lesson, and properly reorganizing and integrating what they have learned. As teachers, we must pay attention to the implementation of knowledge objectives in classroom teaching.

(1) update ideas. The teaching process without knowledge and skills is inevitably empty, and the formation of emotions, attitudes and values without knowledge and skills is also inevitably unstable. With the development of curriculum reform, it is particularly important for this subject to emphasize the systematic teaching of knowledge. If students deal with open-book exams with the psychology of closed-book exams, their grades will certainly improve.

(2) Combing the knowledge structure and overall perception. First of all, we should grasp the content of the textbook as a whole, so that students can form a general network structure in their minds, and make clear which box questions are arranged in each class, what contents are expounded in each box question, and what connections are there between these contents. By drawing the knowledge structure diagram, we can clarify the relationship between teaching materials and form a knowledge network, so as to grasp the content of teaching materials from a macro perspective.

(3) Clear objectives, grasp the connection, and focus on implementation. The text of this textbook "Ideology and Morality" is lively, unlike the previous textbooks, the language is hierarchical, and the main points will be marked in bold at the beginning or end of the paragraph. This requires me to "read easily" while not forgetting to summarize the main idea, refine the main points and carefully figure out what each paragraph says. Otherwise, after reading a lesson, you are likely to be "confused" and unable to master the knowledge you should have mastered. Generalization is the basis of thinking. Teachers should learn to generalize and let students learn to generalize. According to some reference materials, some teachers refine the knowledge objectives of each lesson in the textbook into tabular form, and use their limited time to study what kind of teaching process and methods to implement the knowledge moral education objectives, which has achieved good results.

Ideological and moral teaching materials are changing towards the direction of being close to students' life, paying attention to their emotional experience and improving their practical ability; The evaluation of ideological and moral courses has also changed from paying attention to moral knowledge in the past to examining the understanding and application of basic knowledge and whether citizens should form good attitudes, abilities, values and other moral behaviors. Ideological and moral teaching should pay attention to educational goals such as intelligence, ability, emotion and attitude, and pay attention to the overall concern for the existence and development of human life. Optimizing teaching objectives and organically integrating three-dimensional objectives should be the teaching pursuit of every ideological and moral teacher.