Urban river ecological slope protection project?

Ecological slope protection of rivers will effectively reduce water pollution, maintain the balance of ecological environment and provide a good habitat for human beings. Ecological slope protection has become an inevitable trend in the development of river slope protection water conservancy projects. This paper analyzes the design of urban river ecological slope protection project, aiming at developing new ecological slope protection forms suitable for natural environment and landscape, and providing reference for similar projects.

1 Defects of traditional river revetment structure

In river regulation, slope protection project is one of the large-scale important facilities, involving a wide range. The traditional river revetment structure generally only deals with the functions of water diversion, drainage and water storage, and seriously ignores the impact on the ecological environment of the river. In the construction of river slope protection structure, slurry block stone and concrete are generally used as rigid and hard materials, which not only seriously destroys the ecological balance system of the river itself, but also affects other functions of the river.

2 the impact of traditional river slope protection on the ecological environment

Usually, the flood control and drainage function of the river itself is the first function that people should pay attention to. The general cross-sectional form of a river is very simple, and it runs along a straight line. The structure of river slope protection has strong hardness, so when shearing river slope protection, the flood velocity and scouring intensity must be considered to effectively prevent soil erosion. The traditional slope protection structure is mainly composed of masonry and concrete. At present, the river slope protection structure is mainly composed of geotextile bag concrete slope protection and gravity retaining wall. Traditional structural forms have many influences on the environment and ecology.

2. 1 Harm to landscape environment

A neat river with a straight cross section is a kind of landscape, but it can't satisfy the natural landscape pursued by modern people. In the past, clear water ripples, faint water plants or sewage scenes were covered by retaining walls.

2.2 Impact on the ecological environment

In the past, the structure of slope protection and bank protection adopted a relatively closed model for river slopes, so that river organisms and microorganisms lost their living environment and the self-purification ability of river land was also destroyed. In addition, it is difficult for all aquatic organisms to grow on hard structural slopes. If the whole ecosystem is disconnected for slope protection, the ecological environment will lose its original balance.

2.3 Impact on human living environment

If people live in a gray concrete retaining wall for a long time, their psychology and physiology will also be affected to some extent. Under the protection of conventional structure, the river will lose its original water environment function.

3 urban river ecological slope protection design

Ecological slope protection is mainly a method of combining vegetation grass with concrete interlocking blocks such as vegetation grass, geotextile greening net, hydraulic spraying grass, vegetation ecological concrete and cement ecological planting base. It can effectively reduce water pollution and make the new ecological slope protection form adapt to the natural environment and landscape develop accordingly. Therefore, ecological slope protection is the inevitable trend of the development of river slope protection water conservancy projects.

3. 1 Basic principles of ecological slope protection design

Ecological slope protection design must fully consider ecological and landscape factors, follow the principles of structural safety and stability, ecological harmony and local conditions, so as to make the ecological slope protection project completely reasonable and feasible. (1) structural safety and stability. River slope protection mainly plays the role of preventing soil erosion and flood control and flood discharge, and its stability will also affect people's lives and property safety. In order to ensure that the slope protection project can fully realize the expected function of soil and water conservation, its stability and safety should be fully considered when designing the slope protection structure. In addition, the design of slope protection should also pay attention to the role of flood control and drainage.

(2) Ecological harmony. Ecology is a neutral word, but as far as human beings are concerned, good ecology is of positive significance. Ecological health refers to effectively reducing the artificial transformation of natural river banks on the basis of ensuring the safety and stability of slope protection, thus ensuring the integrity of river bank lines.

(3) adjust measures to local conditions. It is required to be consistent with the regional environment. In addition to paying attention to regional characteristics, it is also necessary to avoid blind design or unrealistic design according to specific conditions. For example, when designing urban revetment, we should fully reflect the regional characteristics of the city, attach importance to its traditional culture and local knowledge, and combine it with improving the city's taste and returning to nature, so as to continue the local history and culture, highlight the regional cultural characteristics, implement the regional cultural inheritance in the landscape, and create an urban ecological revetment with local characteristics.

3.2 Analysis of Ecological Slope Protection Structure of Urban Rivers

In the ecological slope protection of urban rivers, the design concept in line with local conditions must be adopted according to its specific areas to meet the requirements of ecological environment protection. The structural form of ecological slope protection for urban rivers is as follows. (1) Slope protection of underwater vertical stone retaining wall. It can effectively control river regime, avoid soil erosion and reduce river siltation. Generally, after entering the urban river, the vertical masonry retaining wall is the main one. It can not only reduce the actual cost of the project, control the occupied area of the project, but also protect the width of the river, prevent illegal construction, and effectively utilize and protect the water quality of the river. (2) Shi Jing slope protection and gabion slope protection. When the water level changes, using Shi Jing or gabions to protect both sides of the river can effectively control the river regime, thus resisting its erosion and preventing soil erosion from happening again. In addition, it also has the function and effect of beautifying the landscape. (3) Slope protection planting. Planting some plants with developed roots on river slope protection can not only effectively prevent soil erosion, but also protect the ecological environment.

(4) Ecological belt. When using geosynthetics to cover the surface of bank slope, we must consider the topographical features, select suitable materials for reasonable combination and spacing, and plant various plants, mainly plants with developed roots, on the river slope protection, which can effectively improve the stability and strength of slope protection, reduce the impact of scouring on ecology and reduce soil erosion, and play an important role in protecting the ecology beside the river. (5) Laying of blocks. In the design of urban river slope protection, we should not only consider the protection of ecological environment, but also consider the beautification of urban environment. Therefore, the eco-concrete precast block can be used as a river slope protection structure to effectively realize the above-mentioned "double" benefits. At the same time, covering grass can also effectively cushion, mainly because grass roots have anchoring effect and can improve the anti-sliding ability. Grass can combine soil and concrete into a whole after taking root, thus strengthening the stability of slope.

(6) Bamboo pile slope protection. When the water level of the river rises or falls, the bamboo pile slope protection can effectively control the river regime, thus resisting the erosion of the river and reducing the occurrence of soil erosion. (7) Ecological Gebin retaining wall. Gebin retaining wall is a new type of flexible retaining structure, which fills the stone meeting the particle size requirements into the flexible bin network to achieve a certain porosity and builds it layer by layer. Gebin retaining wall is suitable for the toe or revetment of embankment along the river. Due to water erosion and wind waves, it is difficult to treat the foundation of protection engineering or the local erosion depth of retaining wall and toe foundation along the river is too large. In recent years, Gebin retaining wall has also been applied in China, mainly for bank slope protection.

3.3 Urban River Ecological Slope Protection Reconstruction Method

(1) Landscape reconstruction. It must be connected with the river reconstruction. In the construction of three-dimensional ecological system of river slope, trees, flowers and feet should be comprehensively arranged to reflect the development of urban culture, so as to reflect urban culture and natural landscape in the river reconstruction. (2) setting a hydrophilic structure. Some rivers in the city generally only need to meet the purpose of smooth navigation of cruise ships. But in fact, we can turn the river into a scenic spot in the city and provide more choices for residents' leisure and entertainment. Therefore, according to the characteristics of natural ecology, hydrophilic structures (cruise wharf, garden road, veranda) can be set up along the river.

(3) River bottom dredging. Under normal circumstances, farmland and factories are the main beside urban rivers, and rainwater and sewage will be directly discharged into rivers, which will seriously affect the water quality of rivers. Therefore, in order to strengthen the management of river water resources, sewage interception pipelines should be built on both sides of the river to introduce rainwater and sewage into urban sewage pipelines, especially in some places with serious water pollution, temporary biochemical treatment facilities must be set up to reduce the degree of pollution. River regulation project must also dredge river sediment to provide a strong guarantee for urban river water quality.

Traditional structural forms have many influences on the environment and ecology. Only by doing a good job in ecological slope protection engineering can we develop a new type of ecological slope protection that adapts to the natural environment and landscape, protect or improve the utilization rate of water and soil resources, effectively reduce water pollution, maintain and improve land productivity, and then give full play to the economic and social benefits of water and soil resources, promote the establishment of a good ecological environment, and make greater contributions to the sound and rapid development of urban economy and society.

The above are collected and sorted by Zhong Da Consulting Company.

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