Briefly describe the painting characteristics of Yuan Dynasty?

On the basis of the Tang Dynasty, the Five Dynasties and the Song Dynasty, the painting in the Yuan Dynasty had a remarkable development, which was manifested in the abolition of the painting academy system, the rise of literati painting and the relative decrease of figure painting. Painting pays attention to the combination of poetry and calligraphy, takes spirit in form, puts simplicity first, and attaches importance to the display of emotion. The aesthetic taste has changed significantly, which reflects another creative development of Chinese painting. In the aspect of landscape painting, Qian Xuan, Gao made a serious exploration on the inheritance and development of landscape painting since the Tang, Five Dynasties and Song Dynasties. In the middle and late period, Huang, Wang Meng, Zhenwu, Ni Zan and Yuan Dynasty appeared. On the basis of them, they created China's unique landscape paintings, and raised them to a new height with concise and detached methods, which had a great influence on the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Landscape painters in the Yuan Dynasty were Cao, Zhu Derun, Tang Di, Sun Junze, Lu Guang, Ma Wan, Chen, Fang, and, Xia Yong and Zhu Yu. Painters of figure painting include Liu Guandao, He Cheng, Qian Xuan, Zhao Ziang, Ren Renfa, Zhou Lang, Yan Hui, Zhang Wo, Wei Jiuding and Wang Yi. Literati paintings of flowers and birds with Mei Shi as the main body are very popular, emphasizing nature and pen and ink interest. Many landscape painters are also good at ink painting, flowers and birds, Meilan bamboo stone. Famous painters have money to choose from, such as Chen Lin, Wang Yuan, Zhang Zhong, Li Xizhai, Zhao Ziang Ke Jiusi, Zhenwu, Gu 'an, Ni Zan, Zhang Xun, Zou Fulei and Wang Mian.

In Yuan Dynasty painting, literati painting occupied the mainstream of painting. Because there was no painting academy in the Yuan Dynasty, except for a few professional painters who directly served the imperial court, most of them were literati painters in high positions and literati painters in opposition. Their creation is relatively free, and they express their living environment, interests and ideals. Landscape, dead wood, bamboo stone, Mei Lan and other themes appear in large numbers, and the number of figure paintings that directly reflect social life decreases. The works emphasize literariness and pen and ink charm, attach importance to painting with books, and attach importance to the combination of poetry and calligraphy. He inherited the theory of literati painting by Wen Tong, Su Shi and Mi Fei in the late Northern Song Dynasty, and advocated the pursuit of similarity, focusing on simplicity, pursuing ancient meaning and morale, and attaching importance to the expression of subjective interest. It is quite different from the deliberate pursuit of works and the emphasis on modeling in the Song Dynasty, which has formed a distinctive style of the times and also effectively promoted the vigorous development of literati painting in later generations. During the short period of more than 90 years in the Yuan Dynasty, many famous painters appeared, among which the most famous are □, Qian Xuan, Li□, Gao, and Huang, Zhenwu, Ni Zan and Wang Meng.