What is wooden structure

It is a structure made purely or mainly of wood to bear the load, and is connected and fixed through various metal connectors or mortise and tenon means. Because this structure is composed of natural materials and is limited by the conditions of the material itself, wooden structures are mostly used in roofs of civilian and small and medium-sized industrial plants. The wooden roof structure includes wooden roof trusses, support systems, suspended ceilings, hanging tiles and roof panels, etc. Wood is easy to source, easy to process, light and strong. The disadvantage is that it is anisotropic, has natural defects such as knots and cracks, and is easily rotten, flammable, cracked and warped. The wooden roof trusses are suitable for spans not exceeding 15 meters, the steel-timber roof trusses are suitable for spans not exceeding 18 meters, the relative humidity of indoor air does not exceed 70%, the indoor temperature does not exceed 50°C, the lifting capacity of the crane does not exceed 5↑t, and the suspension crane does not exceed 1 ↑t industrial and civil buildings. The steel-timber roof trusses use steel lower chords and steel tie rods, which have reasonable stress and are safe and reliable. Wooden roofs can also use glued beams as load-bearing components. They are made of wooden boards glued together with glue. They have beautiful appearance and reasonable stress. It is a promising structure. The former Soviet Union also studied the use of slab beams and various types of spatial structures such as mesh tube arches. Due to the limitations of wood resources and the shortcomings of wood itself, wooden roofs have been rarely used in a large number of housing constructions in recent years, and are generally replaced by reinforced concrete structures and steel structures.

Characteristics of wooden structures

High housing availability rate

Due to the difference in wall thickness, the actual housing availability rate (actual usable area) of wooden structure buildings is higher than that of ordinary buildings Brick-concrete structures are 5%---7% higher.

Short construction period

The wooden structure adopts prefabricated construction, which makes the construction more adaptable to the climate and does not require a long maintenance period like concrete projects. In addition, the wooden structure It is also suitable for low-temperature operations, so winter construction is not restricted.

Energy Saving

A building's energy efficiency is determined by the structural system and insulation properties of the materials that make up the building. The wall and roof truss system of the wooden structure is composed of wooden dimensional lumber, wood-based structural cladding panels and insulation cotton. Test results show that the thermal insulation capacity of a 150mm thick wooden structure wall is equivalent to that of a 610mm thick brick wall. Wooden structure buildings Compared with concrete structures, it can save 50%---70% energy.

Environmental protection

Timber is the only renewable major building material. In terms of energy consumption, greenhouse gases, air and water pollution, and ecological resource extraction, wooden structures are far more environmentally friendly than The brick-concrete structure and steel structure are recognized as green buildings.

Comfort

Due to the excellent thermal insulation properties of wooden structures, people can enjoy the warmth in winter and coolness in summer in wooden structures. In addition, wood is a natural material, green and pollution-free, and will not cause harm to the human body. The material has good air permeability and is easy to keep the indoor air fresh and the humidity balanced.

High structural stability

Wood has extremely strong toughness compared to other materials, and the panel structure system makes it highly resistant to impact loads and periodic fatigue damage. , with the best earthquake resistance, wooden structures show excellent stability and structural integrity under various extreme conditions, especially in tropical areas prone to hurricanes and areas hit by devastating earthquakes. For example, Japan and North America have particularly outstanding performance.

Fire resistance

The fire resistance of the wooden structure system is much stronger than people usually think. The carbonized layer formed when wooden components encounter fire can protect the wooden components and maintain their structural strength and integrity. Wooden structure buildings designed and constructed in accordance with Chinese wooden structure design specifications can fully meet the relevant fire protection requirements.

Sound insulation performance

Based on the low density and porous structure of wood, as well as sound insulation wall and floor systems, the wood structure is also suitable for buildings with sound insulation requirements, creating a quiet Living and working space. In addition, wood-frame buildings do not have the impact noise transmission problems that are common with concrete buildings.

Durability

Well-designed and constructed, modern timber buildings are able to face a variety of challenges and are among the most durable structural forms of modern architecture, capable of enduring for many years. It is in good condition, including in rainy, humid, and termite-infested areas.