What safety protection measures should be taken for aerial work?

1. Any work more than two meters above the ground belongs to aerial work. All aerial work personnel, regardless of type of work, time and place of work, professional or temporary, shall implement this system.

2, personnel engaged in aerial work, must have a physical examination. Anyone suffering from hypertension, heart disease, epilepsy, acrophobia and other people who are not suitable for aerial work are not allowed to engage in aerial work.

3, before aerial work, should carefully check the safety equipment, such as safety helmet, seat belt, ladder, springboard, scaffolding, etc. If it does not meet the requirements, it should immediately improve or reject aerial work.

4, all aerial work personnel, are not allowed to wear hard shoes, all use seat belts. Seat belts should generally be hung high and used low, that is, the hook at the rope end of the seat belt is hung high, while people work in a lower place.

5. When welding at an altitude of more than two meters, the welder must find a suitable position to hang up the safety belt to ensure safe operation.

6. When welding and cutting at high altitude, the inflammable and explosive articles below must be moved to a safe place, and corresponding measures should be taken to ensure that the cut metal or sparks will not hurt people or cause fire accidents.

7. The covered electrode used by welders should be packed in a covered electrode bucket, which can be used at any time. The remaining covered electrode tips should be packed in an iron box or put in a suitable place, and taken down together after the work.

8, aerial work personnel are not allowed to throw objects from the sky to the ground, and are not allowed to throw objects from the ground to the sky. Use ropes and baskets to transfer objects. Under special circumstances, if objects must be thrown to the ground from high altitude, the ground should be guarded by someone to ensure that no one is injured or equipment is damaged.

9, small machinery used in aerial work (such as hoist, jack, etc.). ) should find a suitable location, and tied with rope and wire.

10, when standing on the springboard, don't stand at the end of the springboard. No more than two people can stand on the same springboard.

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12, scaffolding, springboard or other sundries are forbidden to pile up on the ground below the aerial work area, and ground personnel are forbidden to stay or pass directly below the aerial work area.

13, play is forbidden when working high above the ground.

Operating norms and measures related to knowledge expansion

I. Safety protection for climbing operation

Where climbing equipment or facilities are used, aerial work under climbing conditions is called climbing work. Climbing should be carried out by means of climbing facilities on building structures or scaffolding, or by means of manned vertical transport. Ladders or other climbing facilities can be used for climbing operations.

1, move the ladder:

1, the bottom of the ladder foot should be solid, and it should not be used for padding. The upper end of the ladder should be fixed, the working angle of the vertical ladder should be 75 degrees, the distance between the pedals is 30 cm, and the ladder should not be missing.

2. If the use of the ladder needs to be extended, there must be reliable connection measures, and the number of joints shall not exceed one. The strength of the ladder beam after connection should not be lower than that of a single ladder beam.

3. When using the miter ladder, the upper included angle should be 35-40 degrees, the hinge must be firm, and support measures should be taken.

2. Horse stool:

1, the horse stool should be made of metal materials, the height should be controlled within 2 meters, and the horse stool should have climbing facilities.

2. The included angle between the legs of the horse stool should be 35-40 degrees, and the width of the top beam should be 500-700 mm When using, two horse stools should be used together, and scaffolding should be laid on them.

Second, suspend operations

1. Safety protection of suspended operation in template installation and removal

1, shuttering shall be carried out according to the prescribed procedures, and the next working procedure shall not be carried out before the formwork is fixed. It is forbidden to climb up and down on the connecting bracket, and it is forbidden to operate on the same vertical plane from top to bottom. Formwork with complex structure should be supported and dismantled in strict accordance with the construction organization design.

2, for the column template with a height of more than 3 meters, diagonal braces and scaffolding should be set around, and the horse stool can be used to support it if it is less than 3 meters.

3. For the cantilever formwork, there should be a stable foothold. For the airport structural formwork, a bracket should be erected. If there are reserved holes in the formwork, it should be covered after installation. The holes or edges formed after formwork removal on the concrete slab shall be protected as required.

4, demolition of high homework, should be equipped with climbing equipment or erection of stents.

5. Before the formwork support is dismantled, the strength of concrete must meet the design requirements, and it can only be dismantled after the application is approved.

6, must set up a warning zone when ripping, and hold people accountable, must be completely dismantled when ripping, shall not leave a template. Remove the template to clear in time, neatly stacked.

2, steel binding dangling homework safety protection:

1, when binding steel bars and installing steel skeleton, scaffolding or. It must be erected.

2, binding ring beam, cantilever beam, overhangs and side column reinforcement should be set up work console frame and hang a safety net. The binding of hanging beams must be carried out on scaffolding covered with scaffolding.

3, binding column or wall reinforcement, shall not stand on the steel skeleton or climb the skeleton. Column rebar within 3 meters can be tied on the floor and erected as a whole. Binding column reinforcement of more than 3 meters must set up an operation platform.

3. Safety protection of suspended operation during concrete pouring.

1. When casting frames, lintels, awnings and small platforms more than 2 meters above the ground, an operation platform shall be set up, and it is not allowed to stand directly on the formwork or support.

2. Under special circumstances, if there is no reliable safety facilities, you must fasten your seat belt, fasten your safety hook, or set up a safety net.

Third, border protection.

1, floor edge protection

Protective railings must be set around the roof or floor of the outdoor frame, around the foundation pit, around the material platform and platform, around the canopy and cornice, around the water tank and water tower.

2, stairs, floors, balcony limb protection

Temporary guardrails must be installed around the second floor with a height of more than 3.2 meters, around the floors with scaffolding height of more than 3.2 meters, around the balcony without railings or handrails, and at the stairs and steps with layered construction.

3, the channel on both sides of the limb protection

Protective railings must be erected on both sides of derrick, external elevator, scaffold and building passage.

4. Requirements for building temporary protective railings:

1. Protective railings shall be composed of upper and lower railings and handrails. The height of the upper pole from the ground is 1.0- 1.2m, and the height of the lower pole from the ground is 0.5-0.6m For the roof with a slope greater than 1: 2.2, the height of the protective railing should be 1.5m, and a safety net should be hung. In addition to the design calculation, when the length of the crossbar is more than 2 meters, a railing column must be added.

2, railing fixation shall meet the following requirements:

1), when fixed around the foundation pit, steel pipes can be used to drive into the ground for 50-70 cm. The distance between the steel pipe and the side opening should not be less than 50 cm. When sheet pile is used in foundation pit, it can be driven outside the sheet pile.

2) When the concrete floor, roof or wall is fixed, the embedded parts can be welded with steel pipes or steel bars.

3) When it is fixed on the brick masonry, 80*6 bent flat steel can be built in advance to meet the specifications as the embedded part of the concrete pad, and then fixed according to the above method.

3. The whole structure of the railing column fixation and its cross bar connection should enable the protective railing to bear the external force of 1000N in any direction. When there is the possibility of crowd, vehicle collision or object collision at the location of the railing, the distance between the rail surface or columns should be increased.

4, protective railings must be closed up and down with a safety net, or set tightly at the bottom of the railing, with a fixed height of not less than+/-0.8 cm or ±08cm. Skirting board and skirting board with holes shall not be greater than 25mm. The clearance between the bottom of the board and the skirting board and the ground shall not be greater than 10mm.

5. When the edge of the outer street, in addition to the protective railings, exposed facade must be fully enclosed with safety net or other reliable measures.

5, the mouth of the cave operation safety protection

Aerial work carried out beside holes and holes, including the work carried out at the edge of pile holes, manholes, ditches, pipes and holes with a depth of 2m or more beside the construction site passages, is called drilling operation. Common holes in the construction site due to engineering needs include stairs, elevator wellhead, reserved holes, derrick access openings, etc., which are often called "four openings".

1, hole protection of different sizes

1), and the short side size is less than 25cm and more than 2.5cm.

Holes on floors, roofs and platforms with short sides less than 25 cm but more than 2.5 cm must be tightly covered with solid cover plates. Cover plate should have measures to prevent movement.

2) A hole with a side length of 25-50 cm.

For the hole with a side length of 25-50 cm on the floor surface, the hole when installing prefabricated components and the hole temporarily formed by missing parts can be covered with boards, and the cover plate must be able to keep uniform around, and there are measures to fix its position.

3) A hole with a side length of 50- 150 cm.

For the hole with a side length of 50- 150 cm, it is necessary to set a grid formed by fastening steel pipes with fasteners, and spread bamboo basketry or scaffolding on it. A protective net can also be formed by reinforced concrete slabs, and the spacing between the steel meshes shall not be greater than 20cm.

4) Holes with sides longer than 150cm.

Protective railings should be set around the hole with a side length of 150cm, and a safety net should be set below the hole.

2. Safety protection of elevator wellhead

The elevator wellhead must be provided with protective railings or fixed doors, and a safety net should be provided at every two floors in the elevator shaft at most 10m.

3, the mouth of the cave protection facilities requirements

1), the holes of plates and walls must be provided with solid cover plates, protective railings, safety nets or other protective facilities against falling.

2) Steel pipe piles, bored piles and other pile holes are easy to flow, cup-shaped and strip-shaped foundations are easy to flow, pits and grooves are not filled, and people control, skylights, floor doors, etc. , all of which should provide a strong cover according to hole protection.

3) In addition to protective facilities and safety signs, all kinds of holes, pits and troughs near the access roads on the construction site should be set with red lights for warning at night.

4), garbage well and flue, should be with the floor masonry or installation and eliminate the hole, or refer to the reserved hole for protection, pipeline well construction, in addition to the above, should also be added with obvious signs, if there is a temporary demolition, must be approved by the construction director, after the completion of the work must be restored to its original state.

5) The holes, deep ditches, pipe pits and trough covers located beside the road where the vehicles are driving should be able to bear the load not less than 2 times of the effective bearing capacity of the rear wheel of the local rated truck.

6) For the vertical hole on the wall, all the holes that fall to the ground shall be equipped with switch, tool or fixed protective doors, and the grid spacing shall not be greater than 15cm. You can also use protective railings and set pedals.

7) For vertical holes whose bottom edge is less than 80cm away from the bottom edge of floor slab or window sill, protective railings with a height of 1.2m should be added if the edge drop is more than 2m.

8) Other vertical holes that are in danger of falling to people and things nearby should be covered or protected, and measures should be taken to fix their positions.

6, crossover operation safety protection

At different levels of the construction site, aerial work at the same time as space penetration is called crossover operation, and the following safety measures should be taken for crossover operation.

1. Due to the influence of the overhead construction or the passage within the rotation range of the crane handle, objects may fall, so it is necessary to set up a double protective shed. The width of the protective shed depends on the distance between the building and the fence. When the distance is greater than 6m, the width of the protective shed is converted to 6m; If the distance is less than 6m, the distance between the building and the fence should be filled.

2. Since the second floor of structural construction, all personnel access openings (including derrick, construction elevator access opening, access opening for construction personnel entering and leaving buildings) have been erected with protective sheds, and double protective sheds have been erected for floors with a height exceeding 24m.

3, shuttering, painting, build by laying bricks or stones wall and other types of work for interchange operations, shall not operate in the same vertical line. Position crossing and time crossing can be used. If the position crossing and time crossing cannot meet the construction requirements, isolation and sealing measures must be taken before construction.

7, the correct use of "three treasures"

1, helmet

Enterprises must purchase products with product inspection certificates, and the purchased products can only be used after passing the inspection.

The safety helmet shall be properly stored, and shall not be stored in acid, alkali, high temperature, sunlight, humidity and other places. , and should not be put together with hard objects.

The service life of plastic safety helmet is two and a half years. Expired helmets should be spot-checked and tested. You can continue to use it after passing the test, and then test it once a year. If the sampling test is unqualified, the safety helmet will be scrapped.

The shape of the helmet should be intact, and any helmet with missing lining, belt or damage should not be used. When you wear it, you should fasten the hat belt and keep your head from falling off.

2. Safety net

Enterprises must purchase safety nets whose products have passed the inspection before they can be used.

Safety nets must be ventilated, protected from light and insulated during storage and transportation. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid the invasion of chemicals, and it is forbidden to use hooks in the safety net when handling.

The safety net is lifted with the construction layer, which is higher than the construction layer 1m and firmly rooted. The gap between the lower mouth and the wall is not more than 15cm, and the gap between the two nets is not more than 10cm.

3. Seat belts

Enterprises must buy products with product inspection certificates.

After the seat belt has been used for two years, it should be sampled once according to the purchase situation. It can only be used after it is qualified.

Frequently used ropes should be checked frequently. If any abnormality is found, a new rope should be replaced immediately. The service life of the belt is 3-5 years. If any abnormality is found, it shall be scrapped in advance at any time.

Safety belts should be protected from the sun and rain during transportation, and tools with hook teeth are not allowed to be used during transportation.

Seat belts should be stored in a dry and ventilated warehouse. No contact with high humidity, open flame, strong acid and sharp hard objects, and no long-term exposure.

Seat belts should be hung high and used low, and swing collision should be resolutely prevented. Buffers should be added to long ropes over three meters. The long rope is not allowed to be knotted, and the hook is not allowed to be directly hung on the safety rope, but should be hung on the connecting ring. All parts of the safety belt are not allowed to be disassembled at will. When replacing the new rope, pay attention to adding a noose.