What characteristics of Chinese culture does the development of ancient Chinese ceramic art reflect?

Ancient Chinese ceramic art mainly embodies the ideas and concepts of utensil culture.

Judging from the classic thoughts of hundreds of schools of thought in the pre-Qin period, the Mohists advocated the application of science and technology, emphasized the practical functionality of utensils, and rejected any decorative functional components that "increase the cost without adding benefit".

All kinds of ceramic utensils should be simple, plain, simple, clean, or even monotonous, boring, and repetitive in order to be considered "good" utensils by the Mohists.

Mohist pragmatism and simple absolute egalitarianism applied to ceramics and the behavior of making them are typical examples of Mohist thought and the basis for the inheritance of its ideological propositions.

Confucianism advocates etiquette and pays attention to "benevolence, justice, etiquette, wisdom and trust". Therefore, the standard for ceramics is to examine whether they can express the value of "ritual", such as official or folk ritual vessels used in annual festivals and celebrations or open vessels used in tombs, etc.

They all think it is reasonable, reflecting the hierarchy of the ruling class and the wisdom and skills of folk craftsmen. They even promote various cumbersome decorative patterns and details that have no practical function, as well as luxury ceramics that are extremely luxurious and extravagant.

Utensils are diametrically opposed to Mohist thought, but they have a solid political foundation and social significance.

In addition, Confucius' "gentle and gentle" not only expresses the unity and harmony of a gentleman's inner peace and simplicity and elegant external image, but also emphasizes the standard issue of ceramic creations in the manufacturing, appreciation, exchange and collection of ceramics. In other words

, only ceramics can express the "lower quality" such as natural texture, external shape, color texture, etc., express the "middle quality" such as aesthetic characteristics such as craftsmanship, creative thinking, originality, and both form and spirit, and represent hierarchical status.

A complete system of multiple "qualities" such as "upper qualities" such as family origin, religious beliefs, economic strength, and military strength, and combined with all possible decorative "textual" features, such ceramics are the embodiment of truth, goodness, and beauty.

and interpretation.

The Taoist thought represented by Lao and Zhuang advocates the "empty" theory of "governing by inaction", which believes that the walls, bottoms and lids of clay pots and other physical objects are not the purpose and value of creation, but what they truly bring to the users of the objects.

The ultimate meaning is "the space surrounded by the clay pot", which provides the basis for the preservation of wine, drink and food.

The same goes for buildings. The tangible objects of walls, floors, and roofs are not the fundamental purpose of architectural creations. What is really used by people are only the "spaces" surrounded by buildings. This "space"

"The location, size, shape, and even temperature, humidity, brightness, etc. are the original value carriers of buildings as human creations.

Taoism emphasizes the role of "derogation" and believes that human beings can even achieve their goals of survival and development without making utensils and only use the items provided by nature. Of course, such humanistic nihilism is not entirely desirable. Taoism's "derogation"

"The role of thought in the field of ceramic artifacts is not to make people give up ceramic creation activities, smash existing artifacts and bury these personal man-made objects, but to educate ceramic makers and users on the purely ideal level of returning to nature.

Builders must respect the power of nature, use natural raw materials, maintain ecological balance, respect environmental constraints, and maintain the originality of resources. Such a construction ideal is exactly in line with the current global needs for ecology and the environment that all human beings are facing. It is a

A true "low-carbon" environmentalist's millennium pursuit.