The custom of giving banquets, reciting poems, riding horses and hunting on the Double Ninth Festival in the Tang Dynasty?

The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the traditional Double Ninth Festival in China. This festival has a long history in China. Not only is it celebrated by the people, but also the rulers of feudal times attach great importance to it. So today, Lao Huangli will introduce the custom of the Double Ninth Festival in the Tang Dynasty.

The emperors in the Tang Dynasty paid more attention to the Double Ninth Festival than those in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. On the Double Ninth Festival, when officials bathe, the emperor holds a banquet in the palace, or goes to a banquet, enjoys chrysanthemums and recites poems. Tang Gaozong, Zhongzong and Su Zong all wrote poems about the Double Ninth Festival.

According to the records of Jinglong Museum, in the third year of Jinglong, Tang Zhongzong climbed the Big Wild Goose Pagoda in Ji 'an, and ministers presented chrysanthemum wine for his birthday. He asked everyone to write a poem with four rhymes and five words on the same theme. The first winner was rewarded and the last winner was punished. Since then, during the Double Ninth Festival, emperors and dignitaries of past dynasties have the honor to visit, and Qujiang's banquets and poems have almost become customized.

Tang Dezong once said in "Preface to Chongyang Poetry": I was in office for almost 10 years, and the country was well governed and achieved a well-off life. Thanks to your wise minister. I chose the Double Ninth Festival to entertain ministers, hoping that Ai Qing would continue to work hard and make contributions to governing the country. Everyone's poems are judged by Dezong himself, and finally the first, second and lower grades are determined.

There were many poems about Chongyang in the Tang Dynasty. Among the existing Tang poems, Chongyang poems are the most seasonal poems. Ministers are proud to be able to hold a banquet on the Emperor's Double Ninth Festival. Bai Juyi wrote "Appreciation Banquet in Qujiang on September 9th", saying that he was very lucky to attend the Chongyang Qujiang Banquet convened by the emperor. He felt extremely honored, and his joy could not be expressed.

On the Double Ninth Festival in the Tang Dynasty, imperial bureaucrats not only sang poems and feasted, but also participated in archery, horseback riding and hunting. In the Tang Dynasty, the emperor often asked ministers to have horse riding and shooting competitions on the Double Ninth Festival. For example, on September 9, the sixteenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong once asked officials with five or more civil and military qualities to ride and shoot at Xuanwu Gate. At that time, local officials also practiced riding and shooting at the Double Ninth Festival.

Tang Xuanzong preferred archery. There is also a myth and legend about Xuanzong shooting Chongyang in the Tang Dynasty. According to Records of Historical Records, during the Double Ninth Festival in the 13th year of Tianbao (754), Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty led his ministers to hunt in Shayuan and found a solitary crane hovering in the air, which was shot by an arrow of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. But instead of falling to the ground, the crane flew southwest with an arrow.

It turned out that this crane was changed by the immortal Taoist Xu in Qingcheng Mountain, Sichuan. When he returned to Qingcheng Mountain, he left the arrow on the wall and said to the Taoist, "I was walking in the mountain and was accidentally shot by an arrow. This arrow does not belong to man. I will leave it on the wall, and the owner of the arrow will return it here the year after next. Be careful not to lose it. " And when the title left an arrow on the wall: "September 9, Tianbao three years."

Soon, the "An Shi Rebellion" broke out and Xuanzong fled to Sichuan. One day, he happened to visit Daoyuan of Qingcheng Mountain. He found an arrow stuck in the wall. When he pulled it out, it turned out to be his own royal arrow. He was very surprised. When he asked the scholar, he knew the reason. It turned out that the crane he shot in the sand garden was originally changed by Taoist Xu.

On the Double Ninth Festival, the emperors of the Tang Dynasty not only had to climb high to hold a banquet, admire chrysanthemums and recite poems, but also shoot arrows and hunt. Obviously, one day is not enough. Therefore, the Double Ninth Festival will start on September 8th in advance, or it will still be celebrated on September 10. Therefore, the Double Ninth Festival in Tang Dynasty is not one day, but two or three days.

Therefore, the Chronicle says, "On the day after the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, a banquet was given to the capital, which was called the Little Double Ninth Festival." Another example is Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, who wrote in the poem "September 10th is a Thing":

I climbed the mountain yesterday and lifted my muscles higher today. Chrysanthemum is too bitter, and it is the Double Ninth Festival.

In Li Bai's poems, the custom of "Small Double Ninth Festival" on September 10 was described, and chrysanthemums were used to describe the people. Climbing on the Double Ninth Festival is to eliminate disasters and avoid disasters. The chrysanthemum on the Double Ninth Festival seems to be as painful as the people ruled by feudal rulers.

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