There are several teaching methods in physical education

Physical education teaching methods is in the process of physical education teaching, teachers and students in order to achieve the goals of physical education teaching and physical education tasks and planned to use, can produce teaching and learning interactions, with the technical nature of the teaching activities of the general term. I'll summarize it for you below.

First, sports teaching methods mainly include teaching strategies, teaching techniques and teaching methods of three major levels

1. language to convey information-based teaching methods

refers to the use of verbal language through the teacher to the students to teach sports knowledge, sports skills of teaching methods. In the process of physical education, the commonly used methods of transferring information through language are explanation method, question and answer method and discussion method.

Lecture method: refers to the teacher's use of language to explain to students the objectives of teaching, the name of the action, the action of the action method and requirements, in order to guide the students to learn and master the basic knowledge of sports, technology and skills to practice a method.

Question and answer method: also known as the method of conversation, is the teacher and students to oral language question and answer way to complete the physical education teaching method.

Discussion method: under the guidance of the teacher, students in the class or group as a unit, around the center of the textbook to express their views, through discussion or debate activities, to obtain sports knowledge or to assist in the learning of sports skills of a teaching method.

2. Direct perception-based method

refers to the teacher through the demonstration of objects or visual aids, so that students use a variety of senses to directly perceive the objective things or phenomena to obtain knowledge of the method.

Methods based on direct perception are action demonstration method, demonstration method, correcting the wrong action method, protection and help method, audio-visual guidance method and so on.

Demonstration method: the teacher (or students) to complete their own action as a demonstration, to guide students to learn the method. It has a unique role in enabling students to understand the appearance of the action, sequence, technical points and understand the characteristics of the action. Teachers in sports teaching demonstration, in addition to pay attention to the demonstration surface should also consider the demonstration of speed and distance.

Because of the diversity of sports movements, so the action demonstration should pay more attention to? The demonstration of the surface? The problem. Demonstration surface refers to the perspective of the students to observe the demonstration, but also includes the demonstration of the speed and distance and other elements. Demonstration surface has front, back, side and mirror.

Positive demonstration: the demonstration of the teacher and the students standing relative to the demonstration is a positive demonstration, positive demonstration is conducive to show the teacher the main points of the positive action, such as ball sports holding action with a positive demonstration.

Back demonstration: the demonstration of the teacher standing back to the students is the back demonstration, the back demonstration is conducive to show the teacher's back movement or left and right movement, as well as the direction of the action, the route of the action is more complex changes in the action, in order to facilitate the teacher's lead to do and the students' imitation, such as wushu set teaching is often used in the back demonstration.

Side demonstration: Teachers stand side to side with the student demonstration is a side demonstration, side demonstration is conducive to show the side of the action and the action completed in the front and back direction, such as running in the swing arm action and the leg of the back pedal action.

Mirror demonstration: Teachers stand facing the students and students with the same direction of the demonstration is a mirror demonstration, mirror demonstration is characterized by the students and teachers of the action of the two corresponding to the teaching of simple actions, easy for teachers to lead to do, the students to imitate. For example, to do unarmed exercise, the beginning of the students to complete the action is the left foot left half-step into the open stand, the teacher's demonstration of the action and the student's action corresponds to the right foot right half-step into the open stand.

Demonstration method: Teachers in physical education through the display of a variety of physical, visual aids, so that students through observation to obtain perceptual understanding of the teaching method.

Over the years, this method has been widely used in sports teaching, although for some demonstration of a certain degree of difficulty, but for the movement of episodic memory is very important for sports teaching, is an indispensable teaching method, which with the lecture method, the combination of methods such as the talk method can be used to receive a very good teaching effect.

Correcting movement errors and help method: is a teaching method used by physical education teachers to correct students' movement errors. In physical education, the improvement of students' skills is accompanied by the continuous emergence and correction of movement errors.

3. Physical exercise-based physical education teaching methods

are those that enable students to master and consolidate motor skills and physical exercise through physical exercise and skill learning.

In the practice of physical education, physical practice-based physical education teaching methods include decomposition practice, complete practice, comprehension teaching method and cycle practice method.

Complete practice method: the complete method is from the beginning to the end of the action, not divided into parts and paragraphs, complete and continuous learning and practicing method. It applies to? will? and? will not? There is no qualitative difference between the two, or the technical difficulty of the movement is not high, so it is not necessary to carry out or simply can not be broken down.

Problems that must be paid attention to when using the complete method:

Restricted practice method: in the setting of restrictions on the conditions of the practice, the method of correcting movement errors. If you practice running, set a certain height above the student's head and then low and high diagonal bar, under the conditions of this restriction to experience and master the correct movement of the start, to avoid the error of running straight up too early.

Induced practice method: is similar to the learned movement technology and simple specialized exercises. The choice of induced exercises should be purposeful, and attention should be paid to the muscles it uses and the order of force and the consistency of the physical exercises learned. For example, when doing shoulder-elbow inversion on the mat, students can not straighten the waist and abdomen, which can be suspended above the mat a hanging ball, inducing students to touch the ball with the toes and straighten the waist and abdomen.

Self-suggestion method: students in a clear way to complete the action and pay attention to make up to achieve some of the requirements, in the practice of their own conscious suggestion to achieve the requirements of the method. Such as running when the rear leg stirrups the ground is not sufficient to imply that they should pay attention to the practice

Auxiliary exercises: in order to help students master the more difficult movements and take the technical structure of the body exercises similar to the study of the practice of simple technical movements.

Decomposition practice method: is the complete action is divided into several parts, segment by segment method of physical education. It applies to? will? and? will not? There is a qualitative difference between or high technical difficulty and decomposition of the sports program.

Collaborative teaching method: a major reform of the guiding ideology of physical education teaching methods, which emphasizes the movement technology to cultivate students' cognitive ability and interest. The teaching process of the collateral teaching method mainly includes six parts, the collateral teaching method is based on ? Program introduction? and? Overview of the game As the beginning of the ball game, let the students understand the characteristics of the program and the rules of the game, so that the students have a comprehensive understanding of the sport at the beginning.

Collaborative teaching method is different from the traditional skill teaching: the teacher does not teach from the basic movements, but first of all, the students? Tactical awareness training? After the introduction of tactics, the teacher combined with the actual battle to demonstrate to the students some of the complexity of the situation and the way to cope with the students to carry out? Instantaneous decision-making ability training The teacher will train the students to observe the situation comprehensively, grasp and judge the timing as well as the ability to adapt, so that the students can finally judge the situation according to the techniques and tactics they have learned. What to do? and choose the best course of action how to do it? The teaching mode of the comprehension teaching method has the following characteristics:

(1) Starting from the overall characteristics of the project, and then return to the specific skills learning, and finally return to the overall understanding and training.

(2) Emphasize the tactical awareness from the tactical awareness, the tactical awareness throughout the various teaching sessions, the overall awareness and tactics-oriented features are very strong.

(3) Highlighting the main sports techniques and ignoring some side sports techniques.

(4) Focusing on the form of competition and developing students' understanding of the program in competitions and practical cattle, teaching often starts with ? Trial match? The teaching tends to start with a trial match and end with a Summarize the game? The teaching tends to start with a trial match and end with a summary match.

Circular practice method: is based on the teaching and exercise needs to select a number of means of exercise, set up a number of corresponding practice station (point), the students in accordance with the prescribed order, route and practice requirements, station by station in turn practice and cycle of the method, which is mainly a method of practice, not a method of teaching, but it is a method of teaching and organizing. There are many ways to practice the cycle, mainly flowing and group rotation type two.

4. The method of physical education based on scenarios and competitions:

It refers to the method of teaching in which teachers create certain scenarios and competitions so that students can cultivate their temperament, improve their athletic ability, and increase their interest in sports participation through more vivid sports practices.

Physical education teaching methods based on scenarios and competitions include sports games, sports competitions, and scenario teaching methods.

Sports game method: the game method usually has a certain plot and competition components, content and form a variety of different. But it is the plot and competition, cooperation and other elements of the game can help physical education teachers in the process of learning to cultivate students' thinking and judgment, cultivate students' sentiments, psychological exercise for students, so the game method in physical education is widely used.

Sports competition method: It is a teaching method to learn and practice skills by organizing student competitions.

Strictly speaking, competition is also a form of game, but there are two main differences between competition and the aforementioned game method as follows: (1) there are various types of games such as competition, cooperation, performance, etc., while the competition is biased towards competition; (2) the game is not limited to a certain project, while the competition is often related to a certain sport.

Scenario teaching method: is a mainly adapted to elementary school students in the lower and middle grades, the use of the lower grades of students keen to imitate, imaginative, image thinking dominated the age characteristics of lively and educational teaching methods, this method is mainly to follow the law of young children's cognitive and emotional changes.

5. Physical education teaching methods based on inquiry activities:

Physical education teaching methods based on inquiry activities are the discovery method, small group teaching method;

The discovery method: also known as the exploration method, the research method, refers to the concepts and principles of physical education in the face of the students to learn, the teacher just give them some examples and questions to allow students to go by themselves through observation, verifying the activities, thinking, discussing and listening to the lecture and other ways.

The guiding principle of the discovery method is to take students as the main body, through active and independent activities, so that students in the mastery, understanding and problem solving at the same time, to cultivate their consciously and actively explore the attitude and ability to learn, through the steps of the inquiry, learning to study the process of objective things, and to improve the discovery of the causes of the development of things and the ability to find the internal connection of things.

Small group teaching method: also known as ? Small group teaching mode? and so on, is through the collective factors in physical education and the social role of communication between students and students to help each other learn to improve the students' learning initiative, improve the quality of learning, and to achieve the social training of students a teaching method.

Small group teaching methods, although also in various forms, but generally at the beginning of the unit there is a process of grouping and forming a collective. In this process, it is important that the group has some cohesion and individual learning goals.

The effectiveness of teaching methods

The use of teaching methods requires teachers to be able to skillfully grasp the characteristics of various types of teaching methods, comprehensively consider the various factors related to teaching methods, and reasonably use the appropriate teaching methods, and according to the optimal combination of teaching ideas. In this way, they can give full play to the functions of various methods and make the teaching activities effectively achieve the expected teaching goals and teaching requirements. The success of the new physical education curriculum teaching activities, in a certain sense, depends on the teacher's scientific and rational, comprehensive use of teaching methods and ability.

The specific methods of teaching the new curriculum for physical education are varied, but no matter what method is used, attention must be paid to its effectiveness, to ensure that after selecting the appropriate teaching methods, but also to be able to effectively use them to achieve the requirements of the teaching objectives.

(a) should adhere to the heuristic teaching as the guiding ideology

Heuristic teaching requires teachers to start from the actual students, according to the objective laws of teaching the new curriculum of physical education, the use of specific teaching methods, fully mobilize the enthusiasm and initiative of students to learn, and guide the students to think positively, so that they are through the teacher-designed situations and activities to achieve the mastery of physical education, technical skills, creative use of knowledge, develop and improve the knowledge and skills of students. Creative use of knowledge, develop and improve the ability to analyze and solve problems and independent learning. In many teaching methods, the guiding ideology is usually the same, with inspiring teaching is the general characteristics of modern sports teaching methods.

(2) should ensure the coordinated activities of teachers and students

The teaching methods of the new physical education program should be bilateral activities involving teachers and students *** with the purpose of solving the teaching task, teachers and students *** with the method of activity. In the use of teaching methods, should take into account both the activities of the teacher teaching, but also should take into account the activities of students learning. For example, in the use of demonstration method should be fully considered how students observe? How to observe? Observe what? etc., if you do not pay attention to the students will affect the effect of learning to master the action. Therefore, the use of teaching methods should be the unity of teaching and learning, including teachers how to transfer information and teaching organization and control of the teaching method, including students audio-visual, observation and practice of the learning method, should be through the use of teaching methods so that teachers and students of both sides of the teaching and learning into a synchronized and coordinated activities.