Which classical Chinese musical instruments are good to learn

Summary: What are the classical Chinese musical instruments? The top ten ancient Chinese musical instruments generally refer to the ten national musical instruments: pipa, erhu, chime, xiao, flute, serpent, zither, ocarina, sheng and drum. So which classical Chinese musical instrument is good to learn? Let's learn more about classical Chinese musical instruments! Classical Chinese musical instruments What are the classical Chinese musical instruments Which classical Chinese musical instruments are good to learn

What are the classical Chinese musical instruments

1, the ancient qin

The qin was invented in the age of Fuxi (Fuxi reigned 2400BC-2370BC, see wikipedia entry "Three Emperors and Five Emperors Chronology"), for the five-stringed qin, or the cloud for the god. The zither was invented in the time of Fuxi (2400BC-2370BC, see the wikipedia entry "The Three Emperors and Five Emperors"), and was a five-stringed zither, or was made by Shennong (2370BC-2338BC). The program Jian Yi Zhi Lu: Fuxi hacked tung for the piano, rope for the strings; well-rope mulberry for the serpent. The Emperor's Century: Shennong began to make five-stringed zither, to have Gong Shang Angle Zheng Yu voice. (After nine generations to the king of wen, and increase its two strings, said less palace, less business.) The location of the invention of the qin in today's west Henan and east Henan region (Fuxi's capital in today's Henan Huaiyang, Shennong's capital in today's Shandong Qufu).

The ancients said, "Among the eight tones, only the strings are the most, and the qin is the first", "Among all the instruments, the qin is the best in terms of virtue", and this word qin refers to the ancient qin. "The qin person rely on the sound of heaven and earth", "through the gods, shocked the ghosts and gods", "thus gourd Ba drum qin, flying birds flying set, abyssal fish out of the hearing; Shi Kuang drum qin, six horses back to the horse, Xuan Crane extended neck" ..... Almost all ancient stories about music come from the guqin. The guqin has a very wide range of artistic expression, clear, simple, mellow and extremely rich in penetration and texture, so its realm of expression is very wide: the faint and distant "Pingsha Falling Geese", elegant and pure "Plum Blossom Three Lane", leisurely and soothing "Fishermen and Woodcutters Q & A", strong and rough "Guangling San", mournful and sorrowful "Changmen Grievance", the majestic "Running Water", there is almost nothing that can not be expressed on the guqin. There is almost nothing that the guqin can't express.

2, Thur

The origin of the Thur is very long, in the archaeological discovery of the largest proportion of stringed instruments. It is unearthed in Hubei, Hunan and Henan provinces, and the vast majority of Chu tombs from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. Other provinces such as Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong and Liaoning, only a little sporadic discovery.

Thur, shaped like a zither, there are 25 strings, the thickness of the strings are different, each string has a column, according to the pentatonic scale of strings. The earliest of these had 50 strings, so it was also known as the "fifty strings".

3, drum

The drums appeared earlier, from the excavated artifacts found today, it can be determined that the drums about 4,500 years of history (to the Shanxi Xiangfen Taosi site of the drums unearthed in the early tombs, for example). In ancient times, the drum was not only used for rituals, music and dance, it was also used to fight enemies, drive away fierce animals, and was a tool for chiming the time and alarm. With the development of society, the drum has a wider range of applications, national bands, all kinds of drama, opera, song and dance, lion dance, boat races, festive gatherings, labor competitions and so on are inseparable from the drum instruments. The structure of the drum is relatively simple, is composed of two parts: the drum skin and the drum body. Drum skin is the drum's sound body, usually with animal leather masked on the drum frame, after beating or tapping to make it vibrate and sound. There are many varieties of Chinese drums, including waist drums, big drums, same drums, flower pot drums and so on.

The so-called "drum qin and sepals" in ancient literature means that before the qin and sepals are played, the sound of the drums serves as a guide. The cultural connotation of the drum is vast and profound, the majestic drums are closely accompanied by human beings, the ancient barbaric step by step towards civilization.

4, sheng

Sheng, the ancient name of Lusha, is a reed instrument originated from China, is the world's earliest use of free reed instruments, by each tube in the reed sound, is the only harmonic instrument in the wind instruments, is the only instrument can be blown suction sound, the tone is clear and transparent, the range of sound is wide, and infectious force. In traditional instrumental music and kunqu, the sheng is often used as an accompaniment to other wind instruments such as the flute and suona, adding pure fourths or fifths to the melody. In modern Chinese orchestras, the sheng can play the role of melody or accompaniment.

The sheng has a variety of shapes and a bright, rich tone, rich in local characteristics, and is often used in folk music to accompany the lusheng dance and the lusheng orchestra. After the reform, it has been used in national bands, and can be played solo, repertoire or ensemble, with rich expressive power.

5, ocarina

Ocarina in ancient times is a kind of blowing musical instrument fired with clay, round or oval, with six holes. Ocarina originated in the Han ancestors of the labor production activities related to the first may be the ancestors to imitate the birds and animals call and production, used to trap prey. Later with the social progress and evolved into a simple musical instrument, and gradually increase the sound hole, developed into a melodic instrument can play tunes.

Initially, ocarinas were mostly made of stone and bone, and later developed into pottery, and there are various shapes, such as flat round, oval, spherical, fish-shaped and pear-shaped, etc., of which the pear-shaped is the most common. The ocarina has a mouthpiece at the upper end, a flat bottom and sound holes in the side walls. The ocarina went through a long stage, about four or five thousand years ago, the ocarina developed from one tone hole to two tone holes, and was able to play three tones.

6, flute

Flute is one of China's most characteristic blowing classical musical instruments. in May 1986, in Maoyang County, Henan Province, Jahu Village, east of the Early Neolithic period in the site of the excavation of the 16 vertical blowing bone flute (made of bird and bird limb bone), according to the determination of the history of more than 8,000 years ago. Vertically blown, with tone holes ranging from five to eight, the majority of which are seven-hole flutes, they have roughly the same scale as the Chinese tradition with which we are familiar.

7, xiao

The history of the xiao can be traced back to ancient times. Chinese archaeology shows that the current excavated artifacts have been found more than 7,000 years ago in the bone hairpiece, archaeologists call "bone whistle" (Zhejiang Hemudu excavated artifacts, now stored in the Zhejiang Museum).

The xiao, divided into cave xiao and qin xiao, are single-barreled, vertical blowing, is a very ancient Han Chinese wind instrument. The xiao has a long history, the tone is round and soft, quiet and elegant, suitable for solo and repertoire. It is generally made of bamboo, blow hole in the upper end, there are six-hole xiao and eight-hole xiao points.

8, chimes

Chimes are large percussion instruments of the Han nationality in ancient China, which emerged in the Western Zhou Dynasty and flourished in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period until the Qin and Han Dynasties. It is cast in bronze, by the different sizes of flat round bells arranged in accordance with the order of pitch, hanging in a huge bell frame, with a d-shaped wooden hammer and long rod were struck bronze bells, can send out different music, because each bell's pitch is different, in accordance with the sound score to strike, you can play a wonderful music.

9, Erhu

Erhu, also known as the "huqin", the Tang Dynasty has appeared, known as "Xiqin" "", the Song Dynasty, known as "Jqin". It is generally believed that today's huqin from the development of Xiqin, has become China's unique charm of stringed instruments. It is suitable for the performance of deep, sad content, but also depicts the magnificent mood.

The erhu is one of the major bowed-string instruments (stringed instruments) in the Chinese musical instrument family. The term huqin appeared in the Tang Dynasty, when the western and northern peoples were referred to as hu people, and huqin was the common name for the musical instruments imported from the western and northern peoples. After the Yuan Dynasty, during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, huqin became the common name for stringed instruments.

10, pipa

Pipa is known as the "king of plucked instruments", belonging to the plucked string string stringed instruments. Made of wood, the speaker is half-pear-shaped, mounted on the four strings, the original is made of silk, now more steel wire, steel rope, nylon, neck and panel set to determine the pitch of the "phase" and "product". It is an important national musical instrument that can be played solo, accompanied by accompaniment, repertoire and ensemble, with the left hand pressing the strings and the five fingers of the right hand playing.

The pipa is a plucked-string instrument, originally known as the lute. Liu Xi in the Han Dynasty, "interpretation of the name. Interpretation of musical instruments" book has recorded: "batch of this out of the Hu, the drums on the horse. Push hand before said batch, lead hand but said put, like its drum time, because of the name also." The meaning of this ancient text is: pipa is riding on a horse playing a musical instrument, played forward called the pipa, backward picking into called the pazhou; according to the characteristics of its performance and named "batch put" (pipa). In ancient times, the drums were called drums when they were played, struck, played and played. At that time, the nomads rode on horses to play the pipa, so it was "the drum on the horse".

Chinese classical instruments which is good to learn

Hulusi, Guzheng, Erhu.

1, hulusi, also known as "gourd xiao", is a minority instrument in Yunnan, mainly in the Dai, Yi, Achang, De'ang and other ethnic groups. Hulusi can be divided into three types: high, medium and low tones, and the commonly used keys are B?, C, D and so on. Hulusi originated in Lianghe County, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, and is mainly popular in Dehong and Lincang areas of Yunnan where Dai, Achang, Wa, De'ang and Brown ethnic groups live, with rich local colors. Gourd silk (or gourd Xiao) is one of the unique musical instruments of Yunnan ethnic minorities.

Hulusi is loved by the majority of music lovers and Chinese and foreign tourists because of its unique and beautiful tone, simple, soft and elegant appearance, easy to learn and small and easy to carry.

The traditional hulusi is a reed instrument, its structure consists of a gourd and two (or three) bamboo tubes, the upper end of the gourd for the mouthpiece, the lower end of the gourd and the three bamboo tubes connected to the sound tube, in which the middle of a thicker and longer bamboo tubes for the main sound tube, the main sound tube has six holes in the front of the sound hole (sound holes), the back of the upper end of the sound hole for the seventh sound holes, the bottom of the overtone holes (sound holes) and the two holes for the string. Two stringing holes. The main tone pipe is fitted with a metal reed at the top, which is inserted into the gourd, and its end is fitted with a soft stopper.

There is no hole for the secondary main tone pipe, so one end of the reed-equipped secondary tone pipe is inserted into the left or right side of the main tone pipe of the gourd. When the gourd silk is being played, if the soft stopper at the bottom of the secondary tone pipe is taken out, the tone of the reed-equipped secondary tone will sound with the main tone, but the tone of the secondary tone can only be sent out in one tone. Now the commonly used gourd silk has C key, small F key small D key, B-flat, A key, F key, G key, E key, big D key and so on several kinds.

2, guzheng, also known as hanzheng, qinzheng, yaozheng, luanzheng, is the han nationality traditional classical musical instrument zheng musical instrument, belongs to the plucked instrument. It is one of the unique and important national musical instruments in China. It has a beautiful tone, wide range, rich playing skills, and quite strong expressive power, so it is loved by the general public. Nowadays, there are also small guzhengs, portable guzhengs, mini guzhengs, half guzhengs, new guzhengs, and twelve equal-tempered guzhengs. The guzheng is an ancient national musical instrument that accompanies China's long history of culture and was born and raised on the fertile yellow land. It is a plucked musical instrument, and its structure consists of a panel, a goose post (also called a zheng code in some places), strings, a front yakuzan, string pegs, a tuning box, a foot, a back yakuzan, a side plate, a sound outlet, a bottom plate, and a string piercing hole.

3, the shape of the zheng is a rectangular wooden speaker, the string frame "zheng column" (i.e., the goose column) can be moved freely, one string, one tone, arranged according to the pentatonic scale, the earliest 25-stringed zheng for the most (divided into the zheng for the Thur), the strings of thirteen Tang and Song dynasty, and then increased to sixteen, eighteen strings, twenty-one strings, and so on, and now the most commonly used specification is Twenty-one strings; usually before the model number of guzheng with S163-21, S represents S-shaped Yue Shan, is Wang Xunzhi and Miao Jinlin *** with the invention, 163 represents the length of the guzheng is 163 centimeters, 21 represents the number of strings of the guzheng 213, Erhu (Pinyin: Erhu) began in the Tang Dynasty, called the "Xiqin," so far, there has been more than 1,000 years of history. Erhu is a general term for both Western and Chinese stringed and plucked instruments. Erhu, also known as the "huqin", Erhu is one of the main bowed string instruments (stringed instruments) in the family of Chinese musical instruments.