What are the famous academies in China?

There are four academies, namely Yingtian Academy, Yuelu Academy, Songyang Academy and Bailudong Academy.

1, Yingtian Academy

Yingtian Academy has an early origin, a large scale, a long duration and a large number of talents, ranking first among the four ancient academies. Therefore, the History of Song Dynasty records: "The study of Song Dynasty began in Shangqiu". 65438-0998, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications held the launching ceremony of stamps of four major academies in Shangqiu.

Yingtianfu Academy, namely Yingtian Academy and Suiyang Academy, formerly known as Du Nan Academy, was founded by Yang Yun, a Shangqiu native in the last five generations of Jin Dynasty. It is located in Nanhu, the ancient city of Shangqiu, a national 4A scenic spot in Suiyang District, Shangqiu City, Henan Province. It is one of the four famous ancient academies in China.

In the second year of the Northern Song Dynasty (1009), Song Zhenzong officially awarded Yingtian Academy, and in the first year of Song Renzong Jingyou (1034), Yingtian Academy was changed into an official school, and Yingtianfu Academy was also changed accordingly. In the third year of Li Qing (1043), it was changed to Nanjing (the capital of Northern Song Dynasty, now Shangqiu, Henan Province) and imperial academy.

At the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty, most of the academies were located in mountain resorts, but Yingtian Academy was located in a bustling downtown area with a lot of talents. With the participation of Yan Shu and Fan Zhongyan, Yingtian Academy gradually developed into the most influential academy in the Northern Song Dynasty. It is the only ancient academy upgraded to imperial academy, and is known as the first of the four academies in the Northern Song Dynasty.

2. Yuelu Academy

Yuelu Academy is one of the four famous academies in the history of China. It is located at the foot of Yuelu Mountain on the west bank of Xiangjiang River in Changsha, Hunan, a famous historical and cultural city in China. It is one of the oldest universities in the world.

Its ancient traditional academy buildings are still intact, and every group of courtyards, every stone tablet, every brick and tile, and every wind and lotus shine with the humanistic spirit tempered by time. 1988, Yuelu Academy complex was approved by the State Council as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Yuelu Academy has experienced thousands of years, with endless string songs and endless learning pulse. In the ninth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 976), Zhu Dong, the secretariat of Tanzhou, founded Yuelu Academy with government donations on the basis of running schools by monks.

In the eighth year of Xiangfu in the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 10 15), Song Zhenzong summoned the Yuelu Mountain Chang Zhou style and presented the book "Yuelu Academy" with an imperial pen. ? After the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty, in the 29th year of Guangxu in the late Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1903), Yuelu Academy and Hunan Provincial University Hall were merged and restructured into Hunan higher education, and the former site of the Academy was used.

In the Republic of China 15 (A.D. 1926), Hunan University was officially named Hunan University, and the academy base has been expanded to this day.

1986 Hunan University announced that Yuelu Academy was restored and officially opened to the public.

3. Songyang Academy

Songyang Academy is a famous institution of higher learning in ancient China, one of the four ancient academies in China, a part of the world cultural heritage and a national key cultural relic protection unit. It is located at the southern foot of Songshan Mountain in Dengfeng City, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province.

The organizational system of Songyang Academy is simple and elegant, and the main buildings on the central axis have five entrances and corridors. Songyang Academy is regarded as a "specimen" to study the architecture, educational system and Confucian culture of ancient academies in China because of its unique Confucian educational architecture.

Academy is a unique educational organization in China feudal society, which occupies an important and unique position in the history of ancient education in China and has a decisive influence. Songyang Academy, one of the four major academies in ancient China, is a leader among the academies and has played an important educational role in spreading China traditional culture and cultivating talents.

4. Bailudong Academy

Bailudong Academy, located at the southern foot of Wulaofeng in Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, is a world cultural landscape, enjoying the reputation of "the first academy in China" and being rated as "the first of the four major academies in China".

Founded in the first year of Southern Tang Dynasty (AD 940), it is the first complete academy in China. "Lushan Sinology" (also known as "Bailuyuan Sinology") was established in the Southern Tang Dynasty, and it is the only sinology established by the central government outside the capital of China.

When Zhu, a Neo-Confucianism scholar in the Song Dynasty, became Kang Jun of Zhinan (now Lushan City, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province), he rebuilt the academy and gave lectures in person, and determined the rules and objectives of running the academy, which made him famous. It became an important cultural cradle in China from the end of Song Dynasty to the beginning of Qing Dynasty and one of the important birthplaces of education and culture in China.

Extended data:

Yuelu Academy, the predecessor of Hunan University, is known as the "Millennium Academy". Founded in 976 (the ninth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty), it has been regarded as one of the "four major academies in the world" since the Song Dynasty.

In the long-term development, Yuelu Academy has gradually formed the educational characteristics of "being patriotic and pragmatic, keeping pace with learning and thinking" and formed the tradition of "being practical, seeking truth from facts and being inclusive".

In the academic development history of Yuelu Academy for more than 1000 years, the academic tradition of Huxiang School has been running through and developed into "seeking truth from facts and being inclusive".

/kloc-from the end of 0/9 to the beginning of the 20th century, with the modernization of education in China, Yuelu Academy completed the transformation from an ancient academy to a new school, but its excellent educational ideas were still inherited and developed.

1926, Li Daichen, the first president after Hunan University was named, put forward the educational thought that "universities have the freedom to study academic thoughts of various factions". 1930 Hunan university syllabus stipulates that "the purpose is to study advanced knowledge and cultivate specialized talents".

In particular, Hu Shuhua, the three presidents of Hunan University, is quite representative. In the lyrics of Hunan University School Song, he clearly put forward the idea of "learning from Zhu Xi and learning from Europe and America", that is, insisting on inheriting the excellent cultural tradition of Yuelu Academy and learning the educational concept of western science and technology.

From the 1980s to the mid-1990s, President Cheng Wenshan put forward the educational idea of "integrating humanities with science and engineering, integrating science with technology, paying equal attention to education and scientific research, respecting knowledge and wisdom, and aiming at cultivating all kinds of talents needed for social, economic and cultural development".

Hunan University's Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996) puts forward the idea of running a school: adhering to the Party's basic line, comprehensively implementing the Party's educational policy, cultivating talents in engineering, science, literature and management for modernization, inheriting and carrying forward the excellent cultural tradition of Yuelu Academy, and striving to improve the overall quality of students.

Baidu Encyclopedia —— Four Ancient Chinese Academies