Traditional Chinese landscape painting is divided into which four categories

The classification of Chinese paintings is very complicated:

From the viewpoint of the content of the paintings, they can be divided into: figure paintings, landscape paintings, flower paintings, paintings of birds, animals, bugs and fish, and boundary paintings.

Figure painting is one of the traditional painting disciplines in China, the content of which is based on the depiction of figures. Due to the different focuses of painting, it can be divided into portrait painting and story and custom painting. According to records, figure painting reached a high level during the Spring and Autumn Period. From the unearthed silk paintings of Chu tombs of the Warring States period, we can see the achievements of figure painting at that time. Figure painting has always been the most important subject of traditional Chinese painting.

Shanshui painting, or "landscape" for short, is one of the Chinese painting disciplines. It is a painting that depicts the natural scenery of mountains and rivers as its theme. In the Wei, Jin and six dynasties, the gradual development, but still more as the background of figure painting; to the Sui and Tang dynasties, there have been a number of independent landscape painting production; the Five Dynasties, the Northern Song Dynasty and tend to mature, the author of a variety of rise, and from then on to become a major painting in Chinese painting. There are mainly green, gold and blue, boneless, light red, ink and other forms. In the artistic expression of the management of the location and expression of the mood.

Bird and Flower Painting is one of the traditional painting disciplines in China. To depict flowers, bamboo and stone, birds and animals, insects and fish as the main body of the picture. The simple fish and bird patterns that appeared on pottery four or five thousand years ago can be regarded as the earliest bird and flower paintings. According to the Tang Dynasty's Zhang Yanyuan's Record of Famous Paintings Throughout the Ages, during the Dongyin and Southern Dynasties, flower paintings on silk had gradually formed an independent painting discipline and some specialized painters appeared. During the Five Dynasties and the two Song dynasties, this painting became more mature.

Boundary painting, is also one of the Chinese painting. Ming Tao Zongyi "Dropout Records" book, the proposed painting is divided into thirteen sections: Buddha and Bodhisattva phase, the Jade Emperor and the king of the Taoist phase, vajra ghosts and deities Lohan, the wind and clouds, dragons and tigers, the past life figures, the whole territory of landscapes, flowers and bamboo plumes, the wild beasts and beasts, animals on earth, the boundary of the painting of the terrace, all the side of the life of the farming and weaving, carving green embedded green. There is a section of boundary painting platform. Refers to the palace, platforms, buildings and other buildings as the subject matter, and the boundary of the brush straight ruler painting line is also called "palace" or "house wood".

From the form or color of painting can be divided into: ink, green, gold and blue, light red and so on.

Ink and wash painting refers to a form of Chinese painting that uses ink and wash alone. It is said to have begun in the Tang Dynasty, become popular in the Song Dynasty, flourished in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and continued to develop since the Qing Dynasty. With the brushwork as the dominant method, giving full play to the function of the ink method, to achieve the artistic effect of "water halo ink chapter", "such as both the five colors". It occupies an important position in the history of Chinese painting. Tang Zhang Yanyuan, "Records of Famous Paintings of All Ages": "The ink is transported and the five colors are present." The so-called "five colors", said differently, or refers to burnt, thick, heavy, light, green, or refers to thick, light, dry, wet, black. In fact, they all refer to the richness of the ink color changes.

Green refers to the Chinese painting pigments in the stone green and stone green as the main color of the painting. If the landscape painting there is a big green and small green. The former has more hooks and contours, fewer chapped brushes, and heavy coloring; the latter is a thin application of lime green on the basis of ink and light color.

Jinbi refers to the Chinese painting pigments in the mud gold, stone green and stone green. Where these three pigments are used as the main color of the landscape painting, it is called "Jin Bi Shanshui", which is more than "Qing Green Shanshui" with one more color of mud and gold. Mud gold is generally used for crocheting the outline of the mountain, stone pattern, foot of the slope, sand mouth, colorful, as well as official rooms, pavilions and other buildings.

Shallow-red is a light-colored landscape painting with ochre as the main color on the basis of ink outlining and being dyed. Yuan painters such as Huang Gongwang and Wang Meng were good at this kind of landscape painting and formed a style. Ochre, also known as "earth vermilion", is available in both fire and water. The ochre used in paintings is found in hematite. The original stone is produced with hematite, and the one that feels smooth and creamy when twisted in the hand is a good raw material. It is native to the area around Yanmen in Shanxi Province, which belonged to the county of Dai in ancient times, so it is also called "Dai Ochre". Wherever there is hematite, ochre is produced.

From the technique of painting, it can be divided into rough brush (ink splash), fine (work) brush, life drawing, writing, chapping, white drawing, boneless, finger painting and so on. Splashing ink is a technique of Chinese painting. According to legend, Wang Qia of the Tang Dynasty made ink-splash paintings every time he was drunk. In later times, it was generally referred to as "splashing ink" for the painting method of bold strokes and splashing ink.

Working brush is a kind of neat and detailed painting method in Chinese painting, which is symmetrical with "writing". The "writing style" is the indulgent type of painting in Chinese painting. It requires the use of concise brushwork and ink to express the author's mood by writing out the form and spirit of an object.

Effect is a technique used in Chinese painting to express the texture of rocks and tree bark. The rocks are mainly chapped pima chafing, raindrop chafing, rolling cloud chafing, decoupling chafing, cow hair chafing, lotus leaf chafing, folding band chafing, bracket iron chafing, the size of the split chafing, etc.; performance of the tree skin, there are scales chafing, rope chafing, chafing, etc., are all named after their respective shapes. These chafing is the ancient painters in the art practice, according to the different texture structure of various rocks and trees epidermal state, to generalize and create a program of expression. As Chinese painting continues to innovate and evolve, these techniques will continue to develop.

White drawing is the name of a Chinese painting technique. It originates from the ancient "white painting". It is a method of sketching an object with ink lines without color. There is also a slight application of light ink rendering. Mostly used in figure and flower painting.

Bone-less is also the name of a Chinese painting technique. Instead of outlining with ink lines, objects are painted directly in color. Huang Chyuan of the Five Dynasties painted flowers with fine outlines and almost no brushstrokes were visible after coloring, hence the name "Boneless Flowering Branch". The Northern Song Dynasty Xu Chong Si follow the example of Huang Chyuan, flowers painted only in color, the name "boneless map", later called this painting method for "boneless method". There are also green, green, vermilion ochre and other colors, dyeing the hills and gullies, trees and rocks of the landscape painting, called "boneless landscape", also known as "boneless map", rumored to be the Southern Liang Zhang Shengqiao created, Tang Yang Sheng excels in this painting method.

Finger painting is abbreviated as "finger painting". It is a special painting method in Chinese painting. Fingers, nails and palms are dipped in ink or color and painted on paper and silk. Gao Qipei of the Qing Dynasty is good at this painting method, and his nephew and grandson, Gao Bing, also wrote "Finger Painting". Gao Qipei said: "I paint with my hand, nail and bone, palm and back; the hand falls yet nothing, things into the hand but nothing" (quoted from Hu Haichao edited by Chinese Painting Interesting Talk, page 195). It shows that he used all parts of his hand, nails, fingers, palms, and backs of his hands in his paintings. Analyze, painting small figures flowers and birds as well as fine lines, etc., may use fingernails, can be used, can also be used side, such as the use of fountain pens in general painting large-scale, such as lotus leaves, rocks, available splash ink method, the back of the hand palm positive and negative can be stroked into the painting; painting willow water can be the pinky, ring finger nail flesh and point moss can be used as a finger or a number of fingers dipped into the ink straight down. Always have to set the intention in the first place, have a plan in mind, and then the heart and hand should get its natural, natural, do not show traces of the hand painting, Fang said the best, so that "things into the hand but no". Since then, although many people make finger painting, but it is the occasional finger ink game. Only the late modern famous painter Pan Tianshou, finger painting the highest achievement. From the era of painting can be divided into: ancient paintings, new paintings, modern paintings, modern paintings.