What are the styles and schools of oil painting?

Oil painting is a kind of western painting art, which originated in the15th century and was painted on cloth and wood with sticky rice. Use modeling, lines, light and shade, texture, space and color to express the author's thoughts, feelings and aesthetics.

There are two schools of oil painting. The first category is creative works which are mainly based on objective reproduction; The second category is creative works with subjective expression.

The first category, such as Baroque, Locke, Classicism, Academicism, Romanticism, Realism, Realism, Photographic Realism and Impressionism, appeared after the Renaissance, all of which were based on the reproduction of nature and expressed the different thoughts and purposes of painters.

Baroque school

Baroque pop was from17th century to18th century. The original meaning of the word "Baroque" is irregular, twisted and grotesque. Advocating the distortion, richness and sense of volume of movement, its artistic language is strong, exaggerated, turbulent and flashy, all of which are the characteristics of baroque painting, and its representative figure is Rubens.

Luokepai

"Locke" originally meant the shape of a shell. Its artistic style is complex, delicate, slender and sweet, and it was popular in18th century. Its representative painters are Eduardo and Fran? ois.

Classicism and academic school

Classicism is based on respecting the aesthetic principles of ancient Greece and Rome, with symmetrical and balanced composition, solemn and magnificent momentum, exquisite techniques and in-depth description. This is also the principle pursued by the academic school. As Fasino, the founder of academic school, said, "Beauty is the highest goal of all works of art and an objective nature of things, which is composed of order, harmony, proportion and rules". Its representative writers are Raphael and Angel.

romanticism

Romanticism originated in the early19th century, and the representative work is Ji Like's "The Raft of Medusa". The composition, light, color, dynamics and expressions in this work all show the artist's rich imagination, breaking the horizontal and vertical in classical composition, and the light is soft and even, which makes the picture have a passion. This is also an important element of romantic painting, which pays attention to the catharsis and expression of feelings.

realism

Realistic painting means that in the middle of19th century, painters headed by Miller advocated expressing normal visual images and reflecting the essence of life by being faithful to objects. His masterpiece is "Miller's Collection".

Realism and photographic realism

Realism, as its founder Courbet said in 1885: "As I have seen, it faithfully shows the customs, thoughts and characteristics of my time. In short, creating art is my purpose. "

Photographic realism is to put life on the screen in the form of photography, such as a close-up portrait of John. It draws a work by taking photos or slides first, and then enlarges it to the cloth at a ratio ten times larger than the real person, showing the details of the object more delicately and realistically, such as every texture and hair on the face.

impressionism

Impressionism is that painters in the19th century went out of the studio to explore the instantaneous changes of light and color in nature, which broke the traditional concept of inherent color, such as the tree is blue-green, and the shadow is black. It objectively drew the influence of the surrounding environment color on the inherent color. Its representative painters are Monet, Seurat, Cezanne and Renoir.

If the above-mentioned school of painting is still a faithful representation of nature by painters, but only supplements, emphasizes and develops it, then the second category introduced below is post-impressionism, fauvism, cubism, futurism, abstraction, surrealism and so on. , is no longer a true description of the objective object, but a free creation according to the painter's subjective intention, and most of them appeared after the 20th century.

post-impressionism

Post-impressionist painters emphasize self-feeling and pay attention to color contrast and the internal structure of things. The representative painters are Van Gogh and Gauguin. This school of painting has had a far-reaching influence on modern western painting.

fauvism

Fauvism expresses its inner passion with exaggerated shapes, strong colors and rough lines, and Matisse is the founder of this painting school.

cubism

Cubism painting school, the viewpoint of the picture is no longer the orientation, but the all-round performance of things, so that objects can be restored to geometric shapes. Its founder is Spanish painter Picasso and French painter Braque.

futurism

Futurist painters use colors and lines to express the speed and strength of movement, their combination and separation in an abstract form.

abstractionism

Abstractionism relies on lines, blocks, surfaces and colors for abstract combination, and has no concrete image. The representative painter is the Dutch painter Mondl An.

superrealism

Influenced by Bergson's intuitionism and Freud's subconsciousness, the surrealist school advocates expressing people's subconsciousness and dreams. Representative painters are Spanish painters Dali and Milo.