Patterns of x-rays as they pass through crystals and amorphous crystals

X-rays are diffracted when they pass through a crystal, just as they are diffracted through a grating. When the diffracted x-rays reach the background, a stronger signal of x-rays is obtained at certain specific positions in the background, and weaker at other positions;

When x-rays pass through an amorphous body, diffraction similar to that of crystals occurs due to the non-periodicity of the arrangement of amorphous atoms... the effect of which is less pronounced.

In this way, x-ray diffraction can identify crystals and amorphous bodies.

(For reference)