Main contents of energy management system

II. Main contents required by GB/T 2333 1-2009 energy management system.

1. Overall requirements: the organization shall establish and implement an energy management system to reduce energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency. The energy management system should cover internal processes and outsourcing processes related to the organization's energy management.

2. Management responsibilities: including management commitment, energy policy, role, responsibility and authority.

3. Planning: including energy factors, laws, regulations and other requirements, energy management benchmarks and benchmarks, energy targets and indicators, energy management plans and other requirements.

4. Implementation and operation: including requirements of resources, capabilities, training and awareness, information exchange, document control, record control and operation control;

5. Inspection and correction: including monitoring, measurement and evaluation, conformity evaluation, nonconformity, correction, corrective and preventive measures, internal audit and other requirements;

6. Management review: including general requirements, review input and review output.

Three. GB/T 2333 1-2009 Possible values required by energy management system

1. Establish a good image of social responsibility and make contributions to energy conservation and emission reduction;

2. It is conducive to energy conservation and rational utilization, reducing production (service) operating costs, and is conducive to the growth of economic benefits and maintaining competitiveness in the case of rising energy resources prices;

3. It is conducive to meeting the requirements of the market, users and interested parties, reducing the risks of credit and insurance institutions, attracting investment and promoting product sales and market development;

4, is conducive to the completion of national energy-saving goals;

5. It is conducive to obtaining various national incentives and fiscal and taxation policy support. For example, the state gives the organization a policy subsidy of 200-250 yuan per ton of standard coal, provided that the organization has a sound energy management system;

6. It is conducive to preparing for the certification of energy management system, cultivating energy management talents and providing effective guarantee for energy management.

7. It is helpful to conquer the fortress of technology trade, even recognize each other with foreign countries, gain the favor of foreign businessmen, and expand international marketing channels.

8. It is conducive to establishing the concept of energy conservation and emission reduction, establishing the confidence of continuous improvement, and gradually forming a self-discipline mechanism for energy conservation and emission reduction.

National Standard Energy Management System-Requirements

(Draft for Comment) Compilation Description

(August, 2008 1 1) This national standard was put forward and centralized by the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Energy Foundation and Management, and was drafted by the Certification Center of China National Institute of Standardization. According to the requirements in the Notice of the National Standardization Administration Committee on Issuing the National Standard Project Plan in 2006, the formulation of relevant standards was originally scheduled to be completed in 2007. However, in the past two years, relevant international organizations have been actively promoting the formulation process of international standards for energy management systems, and have discussed the basic structure and content of energy management system standards for many times. At the same time, the International Organization for Standardization has put the formulation of international standards for energy management systems on the agenda. In order to learn from international experience better and consider the reason of coordinating with international standards as much as possible, the formulation process of China's energy management system standards has been delayed.

Project number: 20068111-t-469.

Project Name: Energy Management System-Requirements

Make and modify: make

Submitted by: National Technical Committee for Standardization of Energy Basis and Management (TC20)

Second, the background, significance and theoretical basis of the formulation of energy management system standards (I) the background of the concept of energy management system.

The concept of energy management system comes from the concern about energy problems. The development of the world economy has brought different levels of energy constraints to countries. The contradiction between development demand and energy constraint awakens and strengthens people's awareness of energy crisis. Moreover, people realize that simply developing energy-saving technologies and equipment is only one aspect of energy-saving work, and people begin to pay attention to system energy-saving issues such as industrial energy-saving and building energy-saving, and study and adopt low-cost and cost-free methods to reduce energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency through systematic management means. Some forward-looking organizations have also established energy management teams to put energy-saving measures and technologies into production practice in a planned way, so that organizations can continuously reduce energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency, which not only greatly promotes the establishment of systematic energy management concepts, but also produces ideas and concepts of energy management systems.

(B) the significance of establishing and implementing energy management system standards

China's per capita energy possession is far below the world average, and the shortage of energy supply has become an important constraint to the sustainable development of social economy. Because many industries and regions in China have low energy utilization efficiency and great waste, the energy consumption per unit GDP in China is much higher than the world average. Moreover, China is in the development stage of high-speed industrialization and urbanization, and the contradiction of energy supply at this stage is particularly prominent, which restricts China's economic development to some extent.

Under the guidance of the national macro-energy policy, although China attaches importance to energy management and has achieved certain results, the system and measures for organizing energy management have not yet formed an organic whole, lacking comprehensive and systematic planning, implementation, inspection and improvement, and scientific monitoring of the whole process, and the systematic energy management ideas have not been reflected and implemented. In order to effectively strengthen the organization's energy management, promote energy conservation and reduce the organization's production costs, new ideas, new management theories and methods are needed. It is a scientific and feasible way to implement standardized management and establish an energy management system. This is of great significance to realize the energy-saving goal put forward in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, build a conservation-oriented society and ease the contradiction between energy shortage and economic development.

Establish a standardized energy management system within the organization, make all means and measures of energy management form an organic whole, comprehensively and systematically plan, implement, check and improve all energy management activities, and implement whole-process management to obtain the best energy-saving effect. The significance of establishing and implementing the energy management system lies in:

(1) is conducive to promoting the implementation of national energy laws, regulations, policies, standards and other requirements. The establishment of energy management system standards can effectively combine the existing energy management system with energy-related laws and regulations, energy-saving incentive policies and energy standards, such as energy efficiency standards, energy consumption limit standards, measurement and monitoring standards, and form a standardized and reasonable integrated promotion system, so that organizations can scientifically strengthen energy management, reduce energy consumption, improve energy utilization efficiency, and promote the realization of organizational energy conservation and emission reduction goals.

(2) It is conducive to organizing and implementing energy-saving work. This is because the traditional energy management only solves the problem of "who will do what", and "how to do it" and "to what extent" are mainly decided by the executors according to their personal experience and even their wishes, which leads to some energy-saving work failing to achieve the expected results. By systematically establishing a scientific, reasonable and operable energy management system, the arbitrariness in work can be greatly reduced and the overall effect and efficiency of energy-saving work can be improved.

(3) It is beneficial to discover the unclear responsibilities in energy management in time, and provide guarantee for establishing and improving the interconnected, mutually restrictive and mutually promoting energy management organizational structure. By identifying energy-saving potential and problems existing in energy-saving management, and through continuous improvement, energy consumption is continuously reduced to achieve the organization's energy policy and energy goals.

(C) the basic theoretical basis of energy management system standards

The energy management system aims at reducing energy consumption and improving energy utilization efficiency. In view of the energy use or energy consumption in organizational activities, products and services, it uses systematic ideas and process methods, makes comprehensive planning, implementation, inspection and improvement on the basis of clear objectives, responsibilities, procedures and resource requirements, and reduces energy consumption and improves energy utilization efficiency on the basis of energy-efficient products, practical energy-saving technologies and methods and best management practices. And introduce the management concept of continuous improvement, and adopt practical methods to ensure that energy management activities continue and energy-saving effects continue to be maintained and improved. So as to achieve the strategic goal of energy conservation.

The energy management system draws lessons from the ideas and thoughts of ISO9000 and ISO 14000, emphasizes standardizing various energy management systems and measures, and pays attention to identifying and utilizing appropriate energy-saving technologies and methods, as well as the best energy management practices and experiences, so as to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction.

Three. Development of foreign energy management system standards and progress of international standards. Relevant countries in the world have formulated and implemented national standards for energy management systems, such as the energy management guide for building energy management formulated by the British Energy Efficiency Office, the MSE2000 energy management system formulated by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the energy management system description formulated by the Swedish Standardization Institute, and the requirements and use guide for the energy management system formulated by the Irish National Bureau of Standards (NSAI). In addition, South Korea has also issued corresponding national standards, and Germany and the Netherlands have also formulated corresponding energy management system specifications. In addition, european committee for standardization (CEN) and European Committee for Standardization of Electrical Technology (CENELEC) jointly set up a special working group and formulated three European standards related to energy management, including energy management system standards. The formulation and implementation of these standards provide good experience for the formulation of energy management system standards in China.

The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) actively promotes the development of international standards for energy management systems. Since the beginning of 2007, three international seminars on energy management system standards have been held in Austria, Thailand and China, especially the seminar on energy management system standards jointly organized by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of China and UNIDO in April 2008. Representatives and experts from ISO, UNIDO and relevant national standardization organizations had a fruitful discussion on the structure, core concepts, elements and differences from other international standards of energy management system standards. The convening of these important meetings provides a very good opportunity for technical exchange and improvement for the development of energy management system standards in China.

In order to promote the formulation of international standards for energy management systems, ISO established the ISO/PC242-Energy Management Systems Project Committee, with the United States and Brazil as the secretariats and Brazil, China, Britain and the United States * * * as the corresponding posts of the Committee. The Committee will hold its first working meeting in September 2008. It is believed that this meeting will play a greater role in promoting the formulation of international standards for energy management systems. As early as 2002, the Certification Center of China National Institute of Standardization started the research on energy management system standards, and gradually explored and established a series of national standards for energy management system in China. However, due to many reasons, the national standard was not formally put forward at the initial stage of the study. On the basis of research, pilot and related experience accumulated by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Science and Technology, the national standard project was applied for and approved. After the national standard is formally established, the standard proposing unit and the drafting unit will form a working group to make a work plan. After in-depth study and many discussion meetings of the working group, the draft energy management system-requirements was formed. At the same time, the standard-setting unit collected a large number of standards and materials related to the energy management system through various channels and organized digestion and understanding, and improved the contents of the draft standards accordingly, forming the current draft for comments. The specific process is as follows:

1.In 2002, the Certification Center of China National Institute of Standardization put forward the concept of energy management system, and began to organize relevant experts to conduct systematic research.

2. In 2004, with the attention and concern of the National Development and Reform Commission, the bid-winning certification center formally put forward the topic of "Research on Energy Management System Standards and Popularization and Application Policies" and completed relevant research work.

3. At the end of 2005, "Research on Energy Management System Certification Technology System" was formally established as the key content of the Tenth Five-Year Plan major project "Research and Demonstration of Key Technologies for Resource Conservation Certification", which was jointly managed by AQSIQ and CNCA. The core elements of energy management system standards and corresponding normative documents were determined. In June 2007, 165438+ 10, the research results of this project passed the acceptance organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology, AQSIQ and other relevant departments.

4. In 2006, the bid-winning certification center of China National Institute of Standardization formally passed the National Technical Committee for Standardization of Energy Basis and Management, and put forward an application for the project of "National Standards for Energy Management System Series", which was approved. On the basis of previous research, through in-depth research and discussion, the draft standard was determined at the end of 2006.

5. From 2006 to the first half of 2007, the draft standard solicited the opinions of relevant experts in a certain range, and further revised and improved the draft standard according to the opinions.

6. During the period from 2006 to the first half of 2008, in the process of drafting and formulating standards, the drafting group paid close attention to international trends and trends, and maintained close contact and cooperation with relevant international organizations (such as ISO and UNIDO) and relevant countries (such as the United States and Britain). In March, May, 2007 and April, 2008, we participated in the international seminars on energy management system standards organized by relevant international organizations, and revised and improved the draft standards according to the situation of the seminars and the development trend of international energy management system standards.

7. In July, 2008, a seminar on energy management system standards was held, and the contents and expressions of standard clauses were improved, resulting in the Requirements for Energy Management System (Draft for Comment). (A) the core concept of standard setting

1, whole process control idea: apply system theory and process method, organically combine the organization's energy management with the requirements of laws, regulations, policies and standards with low-cost and no-cost management measures, and identify, control and manage the energy factors in the whole process of energy consumption (energy procurement, storage and use, etc.). ) and production operation (production operation, management operation, life operation).

2. Applying PDCA theory: It is one of the main requirements of the energy management system to make full use of PDCA theory, learn and apply advanced energy-saving technologies, methods and practices, and continuously improve the energy performance of the organization.

3. Fully combine the characteristics of energy management: fully reflect the characteristics of energy management in the specific requirements of energy management system, and strive to combine with existing energy management methods, such as energy diagnosis and other technologies.

4. Fully learn from the existing management system standards: follow the international practices, development trends and overall requirements of management system standards, learn from the concepts and methods of mature international management system standards such as ISO9000 and ISO 14000, and coordinate with internationally accepted management models in terms of standard framework, related expressions and requirements.

(2) Basic concept/framework analysis of energy management system.

Combined with the core requirements of the establishment, control and applicable objects of the energy management system, the basic management concept and basic concept/framework of the energy management system are analyzed as follows: Project energy management system-the core concept that requires the energy management system to control and manage with "energy" as the core, the organization establishes the energy management system by identifying energy factors, determining specific energy targets and indicators, reducing energy consumption and improving energy efficiency. Therefore, the energy management system mainly identifies energy factors through "activities, products and services", and determines relevant management requirements around "the whole process of product realization and reducing energy consumption caused by external influences". The potential of controlling the energy consumption of an organization and improving the efficiency of energy utilization involves the whole process of product realization. Therefore, the control scope of energy management will also involve the whole process of product realization. At the same time, manage operations (such as office space and office vehicles) and life operations (staff canteen/cafe, shower room, etc.). ) related to the operation of the organization also consumes energy and has energy-saving potential, so it should also be within the control of the energy management system.

Although the energy consumption of an organization usually occurs within the organization, the organization's energy suppliers will have a significant impact on the organization's energy management. Therefore, the organization's energy suppliers should be under the control of the energy management system. At the same time, if the suppliers of spare parts and services have a direct impact on the energy consumption of the organization, these suppliers should usually be within the control of the energy management system. Control object The object of energy management control is mainly "factors affecting energy consumption and energy utilization efficiency", that is, through management, energy consumption is controlled within the specified target range. This goal includes the "vertical comparison goal" of the organization and the "horizontal comparison goal" of the same industry.

When determining energy targets and indicators, on the one hand, we should consider the requirements of relevant laws and regulations, on the other hand, we should also look at the needs of the organization itself. Therefore, we should determine energy targets and indicators according to the organization's own needs and relevant laws and regulations. The control degree of energy management not only meets the energy targets and indicators, but also emphasizes the "relativity" of control, pays more attention to continuously tapping the energy-saving potential and continuously improving the energy utilization efficiency. The energy factor of control method is closely related to the products provided by the organization and the process equipment for producing the products. Therefore, the control methods used in energy management also have strong industry characteristics. In addition, energy management should not only control the key links and points that have a significant impact on energy utilization efficiency, but also pay more attention to the reasonable matching of equipment and systems. Scope of application Energy management system can be widely used in hardware, process materials and service industries, while software industry belongs to micro-energy-consuming industry, so there is less application or less content to be managed.

By implementing energy management system standards, organizations can meet the following requirements:

With systematic management ideas and methods, the existing policies and measures, energy standards, best energy-saving practices and experiences are organically combined with the organization's energy management activities to coordinate and promote each other, economically and reasonably reduce the organization's energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency.

Be able to realize the established energy policy;

It is proved that it has the ability to control and manage energy factors. Management Performance Energy management performance refers to the measurable results obtained by an organization in managing its energy factors. The performance evaluation of energy management should not only pay attention to whether it is qualified, but also pay attention to the continuous excavation of energy-saving potential, and realize "quantity control" by comparing with its own historical situation and peer situation. Although this standard does not put forward specific requirements for energy performance, the organization should measure its energy performance through monitoring, measurement and evaluation, management review and other activities in combination with its own actual situation in order to achieve continuous improvement. (A) energy management system model

The draft standard adopts the internationally accepted management mode, as shown in the figure:

(2) The main contents of the draft standard "Energy Management System-Requirements"

1, general requirements. The organization shall establish and implement an energy management system to reduce energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency. The energy management system shall cover internal processes and outsourcing processes related to energy management.

2. Management responsibility. Including management commitment, energy policy, roles, responsibilities and powers.

3. planning. Including energy factors, laws, regulations and other requirements, energy management benchmarks and benchmarks, energy targets and indicators, energy management programs and other requirements.

4. Implementation and operation. Including resources, ability, training and awareness, information exchange, document control, record control, operation control and other requirements;

5. Check and correct. Including monitoring, measurement and evaluation, conformity evaluation, nonconformity, correction, corrective and preventive measures, internal audit and other requirements;

6. Management review. Including general rules, review inputs, review outputs and other requirements.

(C) Analysis of key elements of energy management system

The key elements contained in the energy management system are analyzed as follows: Factor energy management system-demand energy policy Energy policy refers to the overall purpose and direction of reducing energy consumption and improving energy utilization efficiency officially issued by the top management of the organization.

When formulating energy policy, it emphasizes the commitment to reduce energy consumption, improve energy utilization efficiency and continuous improvement; Commitment to comply with laws, regulations, policies, standards and other requirements related to energy management.

In addition, the organization's own needs and relevant laws, regulations, standards and other mandatory requirements are also the main aspects of energy policy. Planning energy management planning is relatively complicated. First of all, it is necessary to identify the energy factors and evaluate the priority energy factors, identify relevant laws, regulations, policies, standards and other requirements, establish energy management benchmarks and benchmarks, and determine energy targets and indicators on this basis. Finally, the energy management plan should be made according to the determined goals, indicators and related energy factors. Benchmarks and benchmarks The establishment of energy management benchmarks and benchmarks is a basic and indispensable work of energy management system. The organization can compare energy performance vertically (compared with the historical situation) and horizontally (compared with the same industry) according to the determined benchmarks and benchmarks (when appropriate). At the same time, benchmarks and benchmarks are also the basis for determining energy targets and indicators. Objectives and indicators Energy objectives refer to the overall requirements of an organization to reduce energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency. Energy index is produced by energy target, which is a measurable specific requirement to reduce energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency in order to achieve energy target.

Similarly, the isomorphism of energy policy, energy target and energy index becomes the evaluation basis of energy performance.

Energy target is usually qualitative, which puts forward general requirements for a specific energy factor, while energy indicators are usually quantitative and measurable, such as energy utilization rate index, energy saving rate index, system energy efficiency index and so on.

Energy targets and indicators are usually "comparative requirements of internal and external integration", which are mainly determined according to benchmarks, benchmarks, laws, regulations and standards. Resource allocation Energy management regards resources as a part of implementation and operation, and puts forward both principle requirements and specific requirements. For example, the energy efficiency of equipment and systems has a direct and significant impact on energy indicators, so it is necessary to comprehensively consider its energy consumption and efficiency when configuring equipment. On the one hand, the energy consumption of the organization is generated in the whole process of product realization; On the other hand, the operation effect of energy management system will directly affect the realization of energy targets and indicators. Therefore, in the energy management system, although the operation control is described as a part of implementation and operation, the specific control content should involve two aspects:

A) product and process design;

B) Configuration and control of equipment and facilities;

C) energy procurement;

D) Control of production and service provision process, etc. The design of energy management system, as a part of operation control, should put forward corresponding energy management requirements for product and process design. Especially in the design process of similar production process, we should not only consider the types, economy, quality, environmental impact, energy balance and other factors used in the whole production process, but also pay attention to the matching of energy-consuming equipment, energy-consuming systems and systems in order to reduce energy consumption and improve energy utilization efficiency. In other words, energy management depends on "ex ante control" to a great extent. Procurement Because energy procurement has a great influence on the realization of the organization's energy goals and targets, specific requirements should be put forward in the energy management system. Monitoring and measurement In addition to the monitoring and measurement of energy characteristics in a general sense, the energy management system also emphasizes:

Energy measurement: including monitoring and measurement by means of comprehensive energy consumption calculation, energy balance, energy conservation monitoring and energy audit;

Energy performance evaluation: the organization shall regularly collect information on the implementation of objectives and indicators, energy consumption of products, equipment and systems, new energy-saving technologies, best energy-saving practices and the use of new energy, renewable energy and clean energy, and use these information to evaluate the organization's energy performance and identify opportunities for continuous improvement. 1. About "Organization" and "Energy-using Unit"

"Energy-using unit" is widely used in national standards related to energy management. However, considering the coordination of energy management system standards with existing international standards (such as ISO9000/ISO 14000) and the unification with future international standards for energy management systems, this standard adopts a commonly used term in management systems, namely "organization".

2. Definition of "energy coefficient"

The energy factor defined in this standard is "the factor that affects energy consumption and energy utilization efficiency in an organization's activities, products and services." This is quite different from the definition of environmental factors in ISO 14000. ISO 1400 1 defines environmental factors as "the elements of interaction between energy and environment in the activities, products and services of an organization", and this standard does not adopt a similar definition. Instead, the energy factor is defined directly for the goal of "reducing energy consumption and improving energy utilization efficiency" of the energy management system. The main purpose is to help organizations improve energy performance and realize the responsibility and goal of energy conservation and emission reduction through the identification and control of energy factors.

3. Definition of "energy, primary energy, secondary energy, new energy, clean energy and renewable energy"

These terms and definitions are not fully defined in the corresponding national standards, and there are overlapping contents in each definition. In order to fully explain the requirements for energy management, this standard defines the above terms and their definitions according to the corresponding national standards, energy conservation law, renewable energy law and energy law, and gives the corresponding definitions.

4. Requirements of "Energy Management Benchmarks and Benchmarks"

Because the control object is different from ISO9000 and ISO 14000, the basis of control requirements for the control object is different, and the corresponding management system content will also change. Therefore, in the energy management system, it is very important to establish "benchmarks and benchmarks", which will directly affect the determination and measurement of energy consumption indicators. Aiming at the particularity of energy management, this standard puts forward the requirements of establishing energy management benchmarks and benchmarks (when applicable). It also needs to be considered when designing target indicators. The main purpose is to define the basic level of organizational energy management and establish the direction of improvement by setting management benchmarks and benchmarks.

5. Energy management requirements of products provided by the organization.

In view of the characteristics of energy management and the main purpose of formulating and implementing this standard, this standard does not put forward corresponding energy management requirements for products provided by the organization. Because the energy efficiency grade of energy-using products already has corresponding national standards. In addition, the main goal of this standard is to reduce energy consumption in the process of providing products/services. If the management requirements are extended to the products provided by the organization, it is necessary to put forward a series of corresponding requirements for the products, which makes this standard too complicated and is not conducive to grasping the key points.

6. "Personnel qualification" requirements

Considering the influence of personnel qualification on the organization's energy consumption and energy utilization efficiency, this standard puts forward requirements for the qualification of key equipment operators.

7. Questions about "Appendix: Guide to Use"

This standard does not provide a "user guide" similar to ISO 1400 1, mainly because the description of relevant requirements in the standard text is clear. In addition, an "implementation guide" will be formulated in the series of standards for energy management systems. Strictly speaking, it is difficult to define whether some contents belong to the implementation guide or the use guide. Therefore, the use and implementation of standards will be described in the "Implementation Guide".

8. About ISO9000, ISO 14000 and energy management system standards.

They all use management methods, system ideas, process methods, PDCA methods and continuous improvement to systematically control and manage the controlled objects. However, because the core concepts of the three management systems ―― quality, environment and energy are different, and the concerns and process control methods of the management systems are different, the control and management measures and specific technical methods adopted will be different. But generally speaking, the energy management system standard is a set of management system standards based on ISO9000 and ISO 14000. Therefore, there will be a direct or indirect connection between the standard structure and the standard content, that is to say, we should draw lessons from ISO9000 and ISO 14000 to formulate the energy management system standard.