Chinese classical gardens are obsolete, how to continue to carry forward the classical gardens an expository question, anxious ah ~

I. will not be out of date. First of all, the Chinese classical garden refers to the Jiangnan private garden, the northern royal garden and Lingnan garden as the representative of the Chinese landscape garden form, unique in the history of the development of the world's gardens, but also far-reaching influence on the course of human architecture, the whole of mankind's valuable historical and cultural heritage.

The classification of Chinese classical gardens, there are generally three classifications:

[According to the choice of the garden site and the development of the way]

1. Artificial landscape garden

China's garden development to the stage of fully conscious creation and the emergence of the highest aesthetic realm of a class of gardens.

These gardens are built on flat land, especially in towns and cities. Inside the architectural environment of the town to create a simulation of the natural wildlife of the small environment, like a little oasis, so it is also known as the "urban forest".

2. Natural landscape garden

Generally built in the suburbs of the town or the suburbs of the mountain landscape, including landscape garden, mountain garden and water garden.

The key to building a natural landscape garden is to choose the site, if the site is appropriate, you can spend a small amount of money and get far better than the artificial landscape garden of the natural landscape of the true interest.

[ According to the identity of the occupant, affiliation points ]

1, the Royal Garden

is dedicated to the emperor to rest and enjoy the garden. The ancients said that under the sky is not the king's land, in the view of the ruling class, the country's mountains and rivers belong to the royal use. So it is characterized by a large scale, more real water and mountains in the garden in the rich and beautiful colors of the building, the building size is tall. Existing for the famous royal gardens are Beijing's Summer Palace, Beijing's Beihai Park, Chengde, Hebei Summer Palace.

Belonged to the emperor's personal and royal family private, the ancient books known as the court, the court, the Palace Court, the Royal Court, the Royal Garden.

2, private gardens

It is for the royal family, princes and officials, rich merchants and other leisure gardens. It is characterized by a smaller scale so commonly used fake mountains and fake water, the building is small and exquisite, showing its elegant and pure colors. Existing private gardens, such as Beijing's Prince Gong's Palace, Suzhou's Humble Administrator's Garden, Liouyuan, Yangzhou's small Pan Valley, a garden, He Yuan, Shanghai's Yuyuan and so on.

Belonging to the private nobility, bureaucrats, red gentry private, ancient books inside the garden, garden pavilion, garden villa, pool pavilion, mountain pools, mountain villa, other business, grassy knoll, and so on.

3. Temple Gardens

The gardens attached to Buddhist temples and Taoist temples, including the internal courtyard of the temple and the peripheral lots of landscaped environments.

[ According to the geographic location of the gardens ]

1. Northern type

Northern gardens, because of the wide area, so the scope is larger; and because most of the white county is located, so the building is rich and magnificent. Because of natural weather conditions limited by rivers and lakes, garden stones and evergreen trees are less. So the beauty of the beauty of the show is not enough. Representatives of the northern gardens are mostly concentrated in Beijing, Xi'an, Luoyang, Kaifeng, especially Beijing as a representative.

2, Jiangnan type

South of the more densely populated, so the garden area is small; and because of the river and lake, garden stone, more evergreen trees, so the garden scenery is more delicate and exquisite. Because of the above conditions, its characteristics of bright and beautiful, elegant and simple, winding and deep, but exactly the area is small, slightly confined. Representatives of the southern gardens are mostly concentrated in Suzhou, Yangzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Wuxi, Shanghai and other places, especially Suzhou, Yangzhou as a representative.

3, Lingnan type

Because it is located in subtropical, evergreen, and more rivers, so the gardening conditions than the north and south are good. Its obvious characteristic is a tropical scenery, buildings are high and spacious. Existing Lingnan type garden, there are the famous Guangdong Shunde Qinghuiyuan, Dongguan, such as garden. There are also gardeners who believe that the Lingnan type style is not similar to traditional gardens, called the courtyard.

4. In addition to the three main thematic styles, there are also various forms such as Ba Shu Garden and Western Garden.

Secondly, it is worth pointing out that: classical Chinese gardens have their own means of dealing with some of the design concepts of the eastern and western gardens***; and after integrating their own history, humanities, and geographic characteristics, they also show some of their own unique features.

1, the nature worship of the unity of man and nature

2, imitation of the natural landscape pattern of the landscape type

3, poetic and picturesque expression

4, comfortable and pleasant living environment

5, skillfully borrowed from the expansion of the threshold of vision

6, step-by-step spatial sequences

7, small in the middle of the big visual effect

7, small in the middle of the big visual effect

8, the garden of the East and the West have their own treatment of some **** some of the design concepts; and after the integration of their own historical, humanistic and geographical characteristics, also showed some of their own unique.

8, euphemistic and subtle expression of emotions

This is the crystallization of the architectural career of the Chinese people through the millennium. Leaving aside the fact that the world is now prevailing Chinese style, China is not also advocating the inheritance of traditional culture, carry forward traditional culture? Furthermore, from the potential artistic content of the Chinese classical garden itself to consider the problem, its potential Chinese culture to consider, should not feel that the Chinese classical garden outdated. To summarize, I think the Chinese classical garden will not be obsolete! Second, how to inherit the past Chinese gardens, in addition to the royal gardens, is to give a few literati and artists to cultivate the body with pleasure, it needs to be delicate, deep, subtle. The modern garden is an indispensable part of the modern urban function, it is oriented to the people, it implies the spirit of democracy and openness. So the question is converted into another one: whether the spiritual essence of traditional Chinese gardens and their spatial forms are compatible with the modern society and the design ideas of modern landscapes***? If so, in what ways?

It does not exclude the benefits and possibilities of drawing from traditional gardens. And the landscape design itself from the West also emphasizes the addition of a certain sense of enclosure and privacy in the overall open space. Look at the design of the People's Square in Shanghai to realize the consequences of sparseness and indistinguishable levels. But this reflects not only the improper rejection of tradition, but also its own lack of design skills.

Well-designed landscapes, whether Eastern or Western, can benefit people physically and mentally. Landscape and architecture, should be people-oriented, but on a deeper level, then it is to guide people, to have a subtle effect. Contemporary society is fast-paced, people's minds are increasingly impatient, many things can not be chewed and deepened into the next oncoming information. Landscape designers should not cater to this phenomenon but should guide the public into a higher spiritual level. But a lot of people are following the example of drawing gourds, only know the shape do not know the meaning of plagiarism, but also cater to the vulgar taste of the party to do a lot of masonry and collage, but also hold up the guise of post-modernism. In the eyes of the people in the western garden is characterized by a big scene, big atmosphere, all the information in a flash into the eyes, dazzling, but after the excitement left no aftertaste. The Chinese classical garden is integrated into the poetry, calligraphy, painting and other forms of art, not only from the visual but also from the mood of the entire garden to enhance the higher, each visit will be because of the mood, the weather, the season and different. I do not oppose the western garden, I think the western garden is worth learning, but learning is not copying, on the contrary, the western garden also borrowed some of the practices of the Chinese classical gardens, such as the French La. Villette's Terrace Garden in France, in a tree-covered calm water on the barge carved "beautiful swan you hang your head" such a beautiful poem, although there is not a swan, but the space left for reverie is unlimited, each visitor's mind will have their own experience, the whole plain water suddenly became brilliant. The whole bland water suddenly becomes splendid. Look at the current landscape of Shanghai seems to have no such reverie attractions, so the study of Chinese classical gardens is not to reflect the undemocratic closed courtyard in today's open society, which is not in line with the contemporary reality, but many of the classical gardens overlooking the flashpoints of the many design techniques should be applied in the design of modern Chinese gardens. In my opinion, the focus is not on whether we should learn the excellent tradition of classical gardens in China, but on how to learn and what to learn. The design of the region can get the active participation of the user's life, rather than passive use or even abandonment. Do not deliberately pursue the so-called classical garden in the deep mood or space form. The current ones should be designed for the new life of modern people. The design with such a starting point is certainly Chinese, but not necessarily in classical form. So we can also understand why the classical private garden is this kind, why the royal garden is that kind, and why the temple garden is different from both?

China's private gardens in the mining feudal literati life has reached a perfect realm that we are now difficult to reach, we have to learn, is the strength of this excavation of life, from the character of the literati, the pursuit of social interaction, entertainment, rehearsal, etiquette, self-cultivation, and even the darkness of its human nature are involved and performance. And not just to imitate its small bridges, water spouts, plaques, tilted and twisted tree trunks and other forms. ---- I don't deny that there are many "techniques" we need to study and learn.

Urban green space landscape because the user is a complex complex, it has been impossible to reach the depth of our classical gardens in the individual needs. But that is another kind of life, brand new, still need us to discover, to guide the life. Of course, the design of modern private gardens is another subject. I agree that life as a starting point for design, but to implement the idea of the base, more creative aesthetic qualities, the so-called "craftsmanship". Different designers of course make different designs. One of the important reasons is that their intellectual background, understanding of culture and aesthetic way of thinking are all different. Contemporary Chinese designers themselves are embarrassed that they have accepted some traditional and western things, but they are not well learned. Naturally, they can't use them freely. I see in the rise of the British garden in Europe, there has been a deliberate imitation of the Chinese classical garden trend, the results can be imagined: lame ridiculous. We are now facing the same situation. Therefore, we need to give ourselves some time to grow up with modern Chinese gardens.