Configuration of buildings and plants?

What are the specific contents of architecture and plant configuration? Zhong Da Consulting will answer your questions below.

Architecture belongs to the hard landscape that wins by artificial beauty; Plants are creatures, with their growth and development laws and smart natural beauty. The arrangement of plants and buildings is a combination of natural beauty and artificial beauty. If the relationship between them is handled properly, harmony can be achieved. The rich natural colors, soft and changeable lines, graceful posture and verve of plants can increase the aesthetic feeling of buildings, make them lively and full of seasonal changes, reflect a dynamic sense of balance, and make buildings more harmonious with the surrounding environment. 1 Principles of plant allocation around buildings 1. 1 People-oriented Any landscape that needs to be laid out is designed for people, starting from people's needs. But people's needs are not simply the enjoyment of beauty, and the real people-oriented should first meet the most fundamental needs of people in the process of being users. So is the design of plant landscape. Therefore, designers should first master the types of users of the designed buildings and the general rules of their life behavior, so that the design can truly meet the basic behavior feelings and needs of users, that is, it must realize its basic function of serving people. 1.2 When arranging plants according to local conditions, appropriate plant species should be selected according to different ecological environments of buildings, so that the ecological habits of plants are basically consistent with the environmental conditions of planting areas, and the scheme can be finally implemented. This requires designers to conduct on-the-spot investigation and comprehensive analysis on the environmental conditions of the design site (including temperature, humidity, light, soil, air, etc.). ); Then the specific planting design can be determined according to the actual situation. 1.3 Utilize the recycling and regeneration functions of the plant community ecosystem to maintain the ecological balance around the building. Construct an artificial ecological plant community, form a circular channel of matter and energy from the spatial form, absorb nutrients through plants, improve soil and purify air through decomposers. In addition, ecological plant communities can volatilize multi-component gases, which is beneficial to air ionization, increase the concentration of negative oxygen ions in the atmosphere and promote people's physical and mental health. 1.4 The arrangement of plants around the personalized building changes regularly, which can produce a harmonious sense of rhythm, thus echoing the external form of the building. There are many rhythms and rhythms in landscape composition, such as simple rhythm, alternating rhythm, ups and downs and mimetic rhythm. The plant landscape design around the building should highlight the image characteristics of the building itself. Each building has its own different style, historical background, spatial scale, color, symbols and so on. Therefore, when we allocate plants for different buildings, we should use different ways to reflect the elegance and charm of different styles of buildings and show their unique temperament and personality. Pay attention to choose plants with different stem shapes to form a patchwork artificial plant community, consider the harmony between plant configuration and ecology, and reflect the rhythm change through the collocation of different tree species. The relationship between architecture and plants includes two aspects, namely, the combination of plane organization and three-dimensional modeling. The plane combination of architecture and plants forms the relationship of "the bottom of the picture", which makes both of them have to be shown. If the building is surrounded by flowers and trees, the architectural form is particularly prominent. The plane form of greening should be designed according to the outline of the building, and one of its methods is to follow the shape, that is, to arrange plants with concave and convex changes outside the building, and its plant form and the building form a unified form. Another unified method is to make the form of plant landscaping consistent with the shape of the building, and the greening form outside the building adopts a regular way to make the landscaping consistent with the architectural form; However, the unique composition technique is used in the spatial composition, which further makes the greening form rich in changes and brings a fresh feeling to the architectural environment. 2. 1 landscape comparison and borrowing landscape comparison is a landscape with plant landscape as the axis of the building or the end of the route, which is the visual center. Landscape can be divided into direct landscape and indirect landscape. Direct landscape is a landscape that vision must pay attention to. For example, when entering and leaving the building, you can see the big flower bed in front of the door, which becomes an eye-catching landscape under a large perspective. Indirect antithesis is a hidden scene, which is not in the front domain of the route, but slightly hidden, such as looking back or finding it in the journey. The object of landscape can be architecture or plant landscape, for example, seeing the outdoor greening in a building become a landscape, or seeing a building among trees become a landscape, also called mutual landscape. Borrowing scenery means borrowing unorganized scenery to the horizon. 2.2 Obstacles and obstacle scenes are the parts that people don't want to see. For example, if the image of the annex and sundry yard of the building is not very beautiful, trees can be used to cover it, or when the bathroom window appears on the main facade of the building, a cluster of trees can be used to cover the window to avoid the circulation of indoor and outdoor sight. Landscape isolation is used to separate space or scenic spots, which will make the space bigger and smaller, turn monotony into richness, or use green belts to separate places that people don't want to go and prevent people from going. For example, on the external wall of a building, there are often some sunken spaces. When people are not expected to reach these recessed spaces, they are separated by lawns or trees. 2.3 Induction and suggestion The induction of plant landscaping is to set up obvious green signs where people want to reach to remind or help people find their goals. For example, a single tree can be planted at the entrance of the building or a flower bed can be set to protrude from the entrance; Putting a few pots of flowers on the stairs in the lobby will make it easy for people to find their way upstairs. Greening can also be used to form directional routes, such as trees on both sides of the road and potted plants on both sides of the inner passage, which have strong directivity. 2.4 Infiltration and extension Use plants as two different media of spatial connection, so that spaces can penetrate, expand and extend each other. This not only increases the sense of circulation between spaces, but also enriches the plant landscape. For example, a flowerpot is arranged at the entrance from the steps to the hall through the door bucket. This continuous arrangement of flowerpots connects three independent spaces in series, forming a sense of space flow from the inside out through this link. Sometimes, people can see half the trees growing from the roof, which is caused by opening a "skylight" on the building to protect the original trees in the base. This design can lead people's eyes from indoors to the sky along the trunk, which is the mutual penetration of vertical inside and outside space. 2.5 Scale and Proportion Planting green plants in the building space can make people grasp the spatial scale. In architecture, people want to experience a relaxed and pleasant space with pleasant dimensions. The indoor and outdoor spaces of many buildings are designed to be enjoyed, which also makes people feel small. The solution to this problem is to make the spatial scale pleasant or borrow green plants as a reference for people to experience space. 2.6 Texture and mechanism In the combination of architecture and plants, the comparison of different mechanisms and textures between architecture and plants can be used to enrich the modeling language. If the full and thick lawn has a soft carpet feeling, it will be in obvious contrast with the cement or asphalt floor; Trees feel rougher and undulating than walls. In the indoor environment, walls, floors, furniture and various decorative fabrics can form a rough and delicate, rigid and flexible contrast with indoor greening plants. The comparison of institutions can enrich people's visual content and enhance the aesthetic feeling of modeling. Buildings and furniture furnishings are artificial products, and the surface mechanism is mechanical; However, the surface mechanism of plants is natural and full of vitality, and reasonable configuration in layout can highlight their different characteristics. 3 Plant Configuration of Different Styles of Buildings 3. 1 Plant Configuration of Classical Royal Buildings in China The Royal Garden embodies the style of the royal garden, and the majestic tall trees such as pine and cypress in Gu Zhuo contrast with the buildings with strong colors, forming a solemn and profound garden feature. Palace buildings are characterized by huge volume, dense colors, neat layout and distinct grades. China traditional tree species, such as Pinus bungeana, Pinus tabulaeformis, Sabina vulgaris, Pteroceltis tatarinowii, Aesculus chinensis, Begonia, Magnolia grandiflora, Ginkgo biloba, Sophora japonica and Peony, are often selected. And they are generally planted regularly. 3.2 Plant Configuration of Classical Private Buildings in the South of the Yangtze River The area of classical private gardens in the south of the Yangtze River is not large, and the natural scenery is often reproduced in a small way. The building is characterized by white walls, gray tiles and chestnut columns, which are used to express the lightness and elegance of literati. The arrangement of plants is full of poetic artistic conception, and the naming of scenic spots reflects the ingenious combination of architecture and plants, such as "Haitang Spring House", which enjoys the scenery of Haitang in spring with its fruits and drooping Haitang. 3.3 Plant Configuration of Memorial Buildings The plant configuration of memorial buildings often uses pine and cypress to symbolize the noble character and immortal spirit of revolutionary martyrs, and also expresses people's nostalgia and admiration for the martyrs. Commonly used Pinus bungeana, Pinus tabulaeformis, Sabina vulgaris, Sophora japonica, Aesculus chinensis and Ginkgo biloba are planted in rows in front of the building to highlight the solemn features of the building. 3.4 Plant Configuration of Modern Public Buildings Modern public buildings have flexible shapes and various forms. Therefore, the selection of tree species is wide, and the appropriate tree species should be selected according to the specific environmental conditions, functions and landscape requirements. If there are some activity facilities in front of the building, or the space where people often stay, you can consider using big trees to shade the sun, or you can consider using safe plants, such as no thorns on the branches, no allergic flowers and fruits, and no pollution to clothes. 4. Plant arrangement in different parts of the building 4. 1 The south of the building is generally the main viewing surface and main entrance and exit of the building. There is plenty of sunshine, and there is direct light almost all day during the day, with more reflected light and large wall radiation. In addition, leeward, poor air circulation, high temperature and prolonged growing season have formed a special microclimate. Choose flowering shrubs, leafy trees, etc. Exotic tree species with high ornamental value or needing to overwinter under microclimate conditions. The foundation planting of the building should consider the lighting problem of the building, not too close, not too much to block the facade of the building, and the building foundation can not affect the normal growth of plants.

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