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What is the best toolkit for the language

1. What is the best toolkit to help learn ancient languages and characters

Answer in two steps, as follows.

Introduction to the auxiliary materials for learning ancient languages:

The literary language is not difficult to pronounce, obscure and difficult to understand relative to the vernacular language. If you want to learn the language well, you can't limit your eyes

to the language books. The main reason for this is the fact that it is not a good idea to have a good time with the program, but it is a good idea to have a good time with the program.

Ancient characters:

"Ancient characters" is not the correct name, it should be called "Chinese characters", and after the reform of 1952, it was called "simplified characters". "
2. To learn the ancient language should first learn what books, what tools, each recommended a few

In the study of the language, often will not be right, difficult to get a high score, but also beginners feel a lot of things, do not know where to start the situation. This article combines my learning experience, the study of ancient languages to do a general sorting.

First of all, we need to realize that what we call the literary language is just the words of ancient people's daily conversations, just like our current Mandarin. So it's not difficult to learn the language well, but it's difficult to have a literary style. In my own learning experience, if the foundation of the ancient language is weak, it is recommended to learn it in the following order:

1, read aloud Three Character Classic, Thousand Character Classic, Sound and Rhythm Enlightenment, Kasa Weng Pair of Rhymes, and Poetry Scripture (excerpts), and be able to achieve the level of fluency in memorization (the above are three-word and four-word phrases, which are both phonetically and rhythmically beautiful and catchy, and can be combined with a history story)

3, "Three Words and Two Beats", "The Records of the Grand Historian", "Strategies of the Warring States", "Ziji Tongjian" the above eleven books of the text of the white book is better. The above series of history books and text-based white novels, easy to understand and more interesting, but also has a high degree of literature, readability. Can be used as an extracurricular book to see, understand can, do not need to memorize (three words and two beat is not recommended for elementary school students to read, children are not suitable).

4, "Shishu Xinyao", "Yan's family training", "Vegetable Roots Tan", "Dongpo Laughing Forest", "Laughing Forest", "Little Window", "Six Records of a Floating Life", "Phantom Shadow", "Zeng Guofan's Family Book", the nine books mentioned above, mainly involved in the ancients to cultivate, Zang Fu character, short and easy to understand, and rich in philosophy. You can extract classic passages to memorize.

5, "Guanzhi", "100 miscellaneous notes of history and economics", "ancient rhetoric category of food", "Tongcheng school of famous writers", "water scripture", "Luoyang Galanji", "Xunzi", "Mengzi", "Zhuangzi", "Hanfeizi".

The development of prose has gone through five relatively important stages, respectively, the pre-Qin, two Han, Wei, Jin, North and South Dynasties, Tang, Song, Ming and Qing dynasties. The above ten books in these five stages are occupying a very important position, can be said to have their own unique characteristics:

Guwen Guanzhi>, Hundreds of miscellaneous notes of the history of the scriptures, Guwen Rhetoric Classes of food is a collection of ancient and modern masterpieces of the great view, but the three have their own unique characteristics, Guwen Guanyuanzhi is more basic, the difficulty of the lower; the latter two are more difficult for a certain degree of accumulation of the learners. Most of the masterpieces of the two Han periods and the Tang and Song periods are included in these three books, so they are not listed separately.

"Mengzi" reasoning incisive, smooth text, language image; "Zhuangzi" more fables and metaphors, unrestrained, very expressive; "Xunzi" good at reasoning, argumentation, deep thought, logic, "Hanfei Zi" to the fables and historical materials for in-depth argumentation, easy to see philosophical. These four books are the pinnacle of the pre-Qin period.

Luoyang Garanji and Shuijingji are more diverse, and the geography of the mountains and rivers, and the style of the world are involved, these two books are representative of the period of the Wei, Jin, and North and South Dynasties

Tongcheng School of Literature and Gu Wen Guan Zhi are in the same vein, and can be regarded as a continuation of the Tongcheng School. The Tongcheng School occupied an important position in the Ming and Qing dynasties in the schools of the Restoration School, the Tang and Song Schools, and the Public Security School, etc. Influenced by the Eight Schools of Thought, most of the writings in the Ming and Qing dynasties lacked momentum and aura, but there were some greats like Yao Nai and Gui Youguang, etc. It is worthwhile to study them from various aspects. It's not a bad idea to learn from multiple sources, and to confirm each other's views, so that the overall picture can be formed.

You can read the above articles on the subject, and choose some of them to copy and memorize the chapters.

6, in addition, in the study of ancient languages, you need to prepare a tool book, a can. That is, Wang Li edited the Dictionary of Ancient Chinese.

Notes:

a, it should be noted that the "Gu Wen Guan Zhi" is the most famous and widely circulated, and often students who want to learn the ancient Chinese language want to take a shortcut, thinking that by memorizing the articles of the "Gu Wen Guan Zhi", they can achieve the ancient Chinese language pass. The "Gu Wen Guan Zhi" is only one of the anthology of ancient writings, although there is a certain degree of representativeness, but the original intention of the compilation of this book is to be used in the imperial examination to do the curricula, so the selection of some of the strong flavor of the eight shares of the article. What's more, traditional Chinese culture is profound, need to be more involved in order to broaden their horizons, to achieve the "fear of floating clouds cover the eyes, only because of the body in the highest level" of the realm.

b, in terms of learning methods, learning languages are the four treasures: listening, reading and writing. For the ancient language, the most important thing is to read, memorize. It is recommended that you memorize some of the classics of the ancient language, and then read the theme, and gradually you will be able to find the ancient people in the use of language rules and feelings, or, sense of language. I'm not sure if I can find a sense of language, but I'm sure it's not too difficult to do it in my daily study.

c, finally, if you are not very interested in the ancient language, just focus on the problem, then my suggestion is to put the textbook of some common words such as the meaning of real and imaginary words, the use of the word, there are some special sentences such as the top of the real, the predicate preposition and so on to figure out, some of the classic paragraphs to be able to skillfully memorize.

If you want to get a higher score in the ancient literature part of the exam, the ancient language version and vernacular version of the two books "Shiji" and "Zizhi Tongjian" must be read, and be able to do so to the extent that they can be translated by themselves.

In the daily examination, the topic is often a choice of a person's deeds, and then linked to have learned the knowledge of the ancient language to investigate, the so-called thousands of variations, not away from it. These two books are a biography, a book chronology, very representative of the examination of the small short essay also mostly choose similar articles for examination. Read through these two books, is very necessary.

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