Difficulties and development direction of modern intelligent irrigation technology popularization

Difficulties and development direction of modern intelligent irrigation technology popularization

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This paper expounds the present situation and development direction of agricultural irrigation technology, and deeply analyzes the combination of artificial intelligence technology such as Internet of Things, wireless sensor, big data and intelligent perception with irrigation technology, so as to realize the intelligent and large-scale management of agricultural irrigation, as well as the difficulties and challenges faced by irrigation links in agricultural production, which has certain reference significance.

Keywords: intelligent irrigation; Sensor; Wireless; Internet of things; Big data;

Agriculture is the foundation of social production and life. With the development of science and technology, various technologies are continuously applied to agricultural production. "Smart agriculture" based on intelligent perception, Internet of Things, big data and machine learning has gradually become the main direction of modern agricultural construction.

The storage and utilization technology of water resources is closely related to the development of modern agriculture, and the unreasonable utilization or even waste of water resources has become the bottleneck of agricultural modernization. In addition, the geographical distribution and seasonal distribution of water resources are uneven, and drought and water shortage have become an important factor restricting the sustainable development of modern agriculture. On the one hand, there is a serious shortage of water resources, on the other hand, it is an unscientific irrigation method, which not only causes waste of water resources, but also aggravates the shortage of water resources. On the other hand, climate change and its impact are also challenges faced by modern intelligent irrigation. Climate change will lead to the decline of water quality, the increase of soil and water salinity, and then increase the irrigation demand, and finally lead to the increase of agricultural production costs.

Agricultural intelligent irrigation technology integrates intelligent perception, intelligent prediction, intelligent decision-making and intelligent analysis through Internet of Things technology, cloud computing technology, big data technology and artificial intelligence technology based on wireless sensor technology, which provides intelligent prediction and decision-making scheme for agricultural production irrigation, achieves the purpose of precise irrigation, and is an important link in the production of high-quality crop products.

Therefore, developing agricultural intelligent irrigation technology, implementing technological innovation aimed at improving water resources management, realizing rational utilization of water resources, and implementing irrigation technological innovation integrating water and fertilizer at the same time, greatly reducing irrigation water consumption, reducing crop production costs and improving crop yield and quality are the strategic objectives of crop production in China.

1, current situation of agricultural irrigation technology in China.

The irrigation industry has developed rapidly and has been applied in developed countries in Europe and America. The integrated irrigation mode of water and fertilizer, mainly drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, has been very popular abroad, but in China, agricultural production enterprises have not fully understood the integration of water and fertilizer.

Most parts of China, especially the northern region, are seriously short of water due to the arid climate, while the central region is facing serious water shortage and resource shortage at the same time. Even in the south, there is seasonal water shortage, which hinders the development of agricultural production. At the same time, climate, environment, greenhouse effect and other factors also make the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources increasingly apparent, which limits the economic development and prosperity of these areas to some extent.

At present, agricultural production irrigation technology mainly adopts water-saving irrigation measures such as drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation. Although compared with flood irrigation, it has achieved higher efficiency, but from the comprehensive effect, it can not be irrigated according to the production links of crops, and the degree of refinement is far from meeting the needs of current production. According to public information, the water consumption for producing one kilogram of grain is as high as 800 kilograms. Compared with advanced countries, the water consumption for producing one kilogram of grain is about 500 kilograms, and the gap is still obvious.

The rise of sensors makes agricultural production more accurate and safe. For example, many irrigation companies are developing sensor technologies related to climate and soil environment, and realize the fine management and control of agricultural irrigation through the Internet of Things technology. But at present, especially in China, the application of these technologies is still in the initial exploration stage.

In order to fully realize the construction of efficient agricultural irrigation system in China, it is necessary to vigorously promote the application of agricultural irrigation based on Internet of Things and wireless sensor technology, and establish a water-saving irrigation system based on new technologies such as Internet of Things and sensors.

2. The significance of implementing intelligent irrigation technology based on wireless sensor.

2. 1 The implementation of intelligent irrigation technology based on wireless sensor provides a strong technical support for China's development from traditional agriculture to modern, intensive and large-scale agriculture, which is the best way to solve the problem of water shortage in agricultural irrigation in China.

2.2 In agricultural production, irrigation is the most important link, and the labor cost is high. The application of intelligent Internet of Things irrigation technology can not only save irrigation water, but also minimize labor costs.

2.3 The implementation of intelligent irrigation technology based on Internet of Things with wireless sensors can monitor all aspects of plant growth and improve crop yield; In addition, combined with the application of integrated irrigation technology of water and fertilizer, it is also beneficial to improve the quality and yield of crops and achieve the effect of increasing production and income.

2.4 The implementation of intelligent irrigation technology based on wireless sensor can realize the automation and remote control of irrigation, reduce the blindness and randomness of manual operation, improve the comprehensive management level of agricultural irrigation, change the original extensive irrigation mode, comprehensively improve agricultural production efficiency, lay the foundation for the scale and intensification of agricultural production, and effectively alleviate the shortage of irrigation water resources in China.

To sum up, the intelligent Internet of Things irrigation technology based on wireless sensors will inevitably become the development trend of agricultural intelligent irrigation in the future.

3. Difficulties in popularizing modern intelligent irrigation technology.

3. 1 commercial intelligent irrigation equipment system is expensive, and small and medium-sized farmers can't afford it, so they don't need intelligent irrigation system. For example, typical commercial sensors are very expensive, so it is a challenge to provide low-cost sensors that can be connected to nodes for irrigation management and agricultural monitoring systems.

3.2 Different soil types and lands need different irrigation water. If the irrigation plan is not implemented according to local conditions, too much or too little water may lead to yield loss or quality degradation. Under the condition of over-irrigation, runoff will lead to the loss of nutrients and the waste of water resources; The amount of water is too small to meet the needs of crop growth. Using intelligent irrigation scheduling system can help users determine the best irrigation scheme, effectively improve productivity and reduce these adverse environmental impacts, and it is also a necessary way for intelligent agricultural irrigation. Due to the high investment in the early stage, it is difficult to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers, which leads to the slow implementation of new technologies.

3.3 Intelligent irrigation technology based on the Internet of Things and wireless sensors covers agricultural science, electronic science, computer information science, environmental science and other multidisciplinary technologies. For example, different types of crops have different requirements for soil environment and temperature and humidity environment, and underground roots and aboveground stems and leaves have different requirements for water. Some crops have valuable roots and some crops have valuable leaves. Therefore, the irrigation system needs to adopt different irrigation methods according to different requirements. Therefore, the implementation of intelligent irrigation technology is more challenging.

4. Development direction of modern intelligent irrigation technology.

Modern intelligent irrigation technology based on intelligent sensing technologies such as Internet of Things and wireless sensors, uses wireless sensor technology to collect soil moisture information such as soil temperature, humidity, pH, soil moisture content and carbon dioxide concentration, and combines environmental information such as temperature, humidity and light intensity collected by climate environmental sensors to monitor the changes of surrounding environment in real time, even monitor crop physiological information such as crop surface moisture, and transmit the collected original information to the cloud data center for processing and storage through the wireless communication network of Internet of Things. Then comprehensively compare and analyze this information through big data technology, make intelligent judgment on irrigation according to the analysis results, formulate the most suitable irrigation scheme for crop growth, automatically drive the corresponding irrigation equipment in real time as needed, and implement intelligent and precise irrigation for crops. After the irrigation stage is completed, the crop growth monitoring system can compare and analyze the irrigation results, provide a more reasonable irrigation adjustment scheme, form a closed loop, and minimize manual intervention. Each functional module can achieve the purpose of mutual cooperation, effectively help agricultural producers to plan and manage irrigation time, irrigation frequency and water consumption, adjust the water, soil and fertilizer environment needed for crop growth to the best state, reduce water waste, save production costs and minimize over-irrigation, thus ensuring the accuracy and efficiency of irrigation. In addition, it is one of the development directions of modern intelligent irrigation technology to apply fertilizer in the irrigation system through the analysis of soil components by soil sensors and realize the irrigation operation of water and fertilizer integration.

With the continuous development of agricultural Internet of Things platform construction, combined with climate forecast information and climate information collected by relevant sensors, preventive measures are taken for possible climate disasters. For example, in view of the climate drought, we can arrange water in advance to prepare for the drought, have enough water, implement preventive irrigation, and improve the ability of crops to resist disasters.

To sum up, it is of great significance to build a multifunctional, efficient and low-energy water-saving irrigation platform based on intelligent irrigation technology, and it is also the inevitable trend of intelligent irrigation development in the future. In a word, with the development of science and technology, new technologies appear constantly. Integrating intelligent irrigation technology into the whole process of agricultural production, forming a complete closed-loop system and continuously improving the management level of agricultural production is the general direction of modern intelligent irrigation technology development.

5. Conclusion

As a highly integrated and comprehensive application of the new generation of information technology, the Internet of Things combined with wireless sensor technology has become one of the strategic development directions of today's scientific and technological development. With the continuous expansion of China's agricultural production scale and the needs of agricultural development, water resources management is very important. The combination of Internet of Things and agriculture provides new opportunities and challenges for the development of agricultural information technology and agricultural industry. At the same time, agricultural production also provides a broad application platform for internet technology, especially the application of intelligent irrigation technology, which can directly and effectively solve the problems encountered in current agricultural development, provide a strong impetus for agricultural modernization, realize efficient and accurate irrigation, and comprehensively improve agricultural production efficiency.

To build an efficient and intelligent agricultural irrigation system in China, we must vigorously promote the application of agricultural irrigation based on the Internet of Things and wireless sensor technology, improve the efficiency of agricultural production and the utilization rate of water resources, and ensure the sufficiency and conservation of water for grain production and consumption.

Step 6 refer to

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