What are the characteristics of automotive electrical equipment?

Low voltage, DC, single-wire system, negative grounding.

Gasoline vehicles mostly use 12V low voltage, and diesel vehicles mostly use 24V；; Considering the charging of batteries, automobile electricity is mostly charged by DC; Single-wire system means that one wire is used to connect the power supply and electrical equipment, and the other wire is replaced by the metal part of the car body or engine body. Single-wire system can save wires, simplify and clear the circuit, and facilitate installation and maintenance. Connecting the negative pole of the battery to the car body is called negative grounding.

Extended data:

Automobile electrical equipment is mainly composed of battery, generator, regulator, starter, ignition system, instrument, lighting device, audio device, wiper and so on. The most important thing is the battery and starter.

The function of the battery is to supply power to the starter, and supply power to the ignition system and other electrical equipment of the engine when the engine starts or runs at low speed. When the engine is running at high speed, the generator generates enough electricity, and the battery can store excess electricity.

Each battery cell has a positive electrode and a negative electrode. Its identification method is: the positive electrode is engraved with a "+"sign, which is dark brown; The negative electrode is engraved with "-",which is light gray. ?

The function of starter is to convert electric energy into mechanical energy, drive the crankshaft to rotate and start the engine. When using the starter, it should be noted that the starting time should not exceed 5 seconds each time, the interval between each use should not be less than 10- 15 seconds, and it should be used continuously for no more than 3 times. If the continuous starting time is too long, it will cause a lot of discharge of the battery and overheating and smoking of the starting coil, which will easily damage the parts.

References:

Baidu baike auto electrical equipment