What are the eight schools of architecture in China?

China's eight major architecture schools:

1. Siheyuan

Siheyuan, a traditional living form in Beijing, was formed in Liao Dynasty. The so-called four-in-one is a courtyard with houses built on all sides, and the courtyard is surrounded in the middle from all sides. As early as more than 3000 years ago, there were complete quadrangles in the Western Zhou Dynasty in China, and with the replacement of various dynasties, quadrangles were also developing continuously. In the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, quadrangles gradually matured, and the traditional quadrangles in Beijing were formed on a large scale.

2. Huizhou architecture.

Huizhou architecture is an important part of Huizhou culture, which is popular in western Zhejiang such as Huizhou and Yanzhou. It combines the aura of Huizhou landscape and the essence of Han folk customs, with unique style, rigorous structure, exquisite carving and distinctive local characteristics. Among them, folk houses, ancestral temples and memorial archways are typical, and they are known as the three wonders of Huizhou ancient buildings.

3. Jiangnan folk houses.

The overall layout of houses in the south of the Yangtze River is roughly the same as that of quadrangles in the north, but the layout is generally compact and the courtyard occupies a small area. Among them, the water system is the unique scenery of Jiangnan dwellings, and Jiangnan dwellings have aura because of water. Most of the houses in the south of the Yangtze River are bucket-type wooden frames, not beams, which are directly supported by columns, surrounded by thin bucket walls or bamboo plastering walls, and the walls are mostly white plastered. Slate is often laid at the bottom of the wall, and slate is also laid on the indoor ground to prevent moisture.

4. Lingnan architecture

Lingnan architecture not only has the characteristics of Jiangnan architecture, but also has western customs. After several changes, it finally formed its own style. It is famous at home and abroad for its "Beijing School" and "Shanghai School" architecture. Lingnan is located in the subtropical zone, with a hot and rainy climate. The buildings are unique in solving the problems of ventilation, heat insulation, wind, rain and moisture.

5. Shanghai architecture.

Shanghai's traditional architecture is called Shanghai School, which is a combination of China culture and western culture. Located on the edge of Jiangsu and Zhejiang, Shanghai is rooted in the traditional culture of China, and has absorbed regional cultures such as Wuyue culture, the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Beijing School. Shanghai, a city with profound economic and cultural heritage, has experienced a hundred years of baptism, perfectly integrating the architectural customs of various countries with the unique atmosphere of Shanghai. The formation and development of "Shanghai School" originated from the gradual introduction of western culture. These concepts and technologies are embodied in architecture, and various architectural styles coexist.

6. Folk houses in western Sichuan

Different from the expensive in the south of the Yangtze River, the hard in the northwest, the rich in the south of the Yangtze River and the beautiful in the south of the Yangtze River, the folk houses in western Sichuan have their own simplicity and elegance. Pay attention to the harmonious view of nature and environment between man and nature, suit measures to local conditions and teach students in accordance with their aptitude, which is both economical and harmonious with the environment, making them have the same interests, full of local flavor and showing aesthetic and natural beauty. Traditional folk houses in western Sichuan were born in the western Sichuan plain, located in the alluvial plain of Minjiang River, Tuojiang River and its tributaries, covering an area of about 8,000 square kilometers, with abundant vegetation resources and evergreen seasons.

7. Qionglong architecture in western Sichuan

"Everyone lives on the mountain, and the stone is the house, as high as ten feet." This unique architectural form is Qiong cage (also known as stone carving), which is recorded in history books. In the thousand-year history, military defense is an important function of Qionglong. The city wall is thick, and it is easy to defend against risks and difficult to attack.

8. College Building.

Academy is another private school organization after private schools in pre-Qin and elegant houses in Han Dynasty. It inherits the traditions and characteristics of ancient private schools, absorbs the advantages of Buddhist temples and government-run schools, and is unique in construction and management. Confucian scholars regard the academy as a place to learn knowledge independently, which has been linked with the "independent" lifestyle of scholars since its germination. Therefore, academies are generally built in remote, quiet and scenic places of interest.