Is there a subordinate relationship among language, literature and culture?

The relationship between language and culture

Language and culture are interdependent and influence each other. Language is an important carrier of culture. Culture has a restrictive effect on language. This paper analyzes the internal system of language from the form and structure of language, and discusses the social function and other external factors of language.

Language plays a very important role in all human activities and is an indispensable part of human social life. However, human language phenomenon is so mysterious that it has not been fully understood by human beings so far. Since ancient times, linguists have tried to explore language from many aspects and formed many linguistic schools. Modern linguistics mainly comes from two traditions: philology tradition and anthropology tradition. The tradition of philology begins with comparative linguistics and historical linguistics, and analyzes and compares languages according to the study of literary works and written documents. /kloc-the work of linguists in the 0 th and 9 th centuries laid the foundation for the independent study of modern linguistics. Later it developed into Bloomfield's structuralism and Chomsky's transformational generative grammar. The successor of this tradition emphasizes the natural attributes of language, regards language as a closed and independent system, and regards linguistics as an independent marginal science spanning humanities and natural sciences. Anthropological tradition refers to the use of anthropological methods to study the language of social groups without writing system and writing tradition. Since Boaz and Sapir in the early 20th century, anthropologists have emphasized the social attribute of language, believing that language is inseparable from its social environment. Therefore, we must take linguistics as a social science and study it in the social and cultural environment. The research tradition of anthropolinguistics has led to the emergence and rise of cultural linguistics. Linguists examine the communication process of language from the perspective of culture, and find that people are not only involved in the language system, but also in the cultural system closely related to the language system and on which they live.

There are two terms in the study of language and culture: "language and culture" and "language in culture". In order to define the relationship between language and other cultural phenomena, some linguists divide culture into two categories, namely "big culture" and "small culture" (Bright, 1976). Among them, the relationship between language and big culture is subordinate, and the relationship between language and small culture is parallel.

Language is a special part of culture. If culture is regarded as an all-encompassing concept, it belongs to the whole culture of human beings, that is, macro culture. However, its position in the whole culture is quite special, and its relationship with other components in the whole culture (that is, micro-culture) is corresponding. Therefore, language can be regarded as a social phenomenon, a tool for people to communicate with each other and a medium for integrating people and culture. It was formed with the formation of human beings.

From the perspective of micro-culture, language and culture are synchronized. Without language, there is no culture. Language is the premise of the formation and development of culture, and the development of culture also promotes the rich development of language. With language, human beings have culture. Language is human.