What does 10 ton boiler mean?

10 ton refers to the capacity of the boiler, also called output.

For steam boilers, it refers to the rated evaporation 10 ton/hour, and the hot water boiler provides 7MW hours of heat, which is equivalent to the traditional 10 ton hot water boiler.

Overview of coal-fired boilers

Coal-fired boiler refers to a boiler burning coal as fuel. After the heat of coal is converted, it will produce steam or become hot water, but not all the heat is effectively converted, which consumes a part of reactive power, so there is an efficiency problem. Generally, larger boilers have higher efficiency, ranging from 60% to 80%.

Coal-fired boilers are boilers that use coal as fuel. It is a thermal equipment that releases heat after burning coal in the furnace and heats heat medium water or other organic heat carriers (such as heat transfer oil) to a certain temperature (or pressure).

principle

A horizontal coal-fired hot water boiler (1) is installed with a single drum vertically, and water wall pipes are arranged on the left and right sides of the furnace to form a wing-shaped flue. The drum is equipped with a threaded smoke pipe and adopts a movable grate, which has less coal leakage, reasonable structure and high thermal efficiency, and greatly saves energy consumption.

(2) Horizontal coal-fired atmospheric steam boiler? Hot water boiler? Gas boiler? Oil boiler? Coal-fired boiler, energy-saving and environment-friendly boiler, adopts a three-return water-fire pipe structure with a single drum longitudinally arranged, and smooth water-cooled wall pipes are densely distributed on both sides of the furnace, so the design structure is reasonable and compact; Large heating area, long flue gas flow, good heat transfer effect and low exhaust temperature, so it has high thermal efficiency, low operating cost and more economical use.

(3) The vertical coal-fired boiler, hot water boiler and furnace adopt water-cooled bent pipe structure, surrounded by furnace liner, with large heating area, high thermal efficiency, energy saving and consumption reduction; The shell adopts oval head and the grate adopts cast iron circular grate, which is durable and has long service life.

(4) Horizontal coal-fired boiler, after the fuel is burned on the grate, the flame passes through the low wall to the burnout chamber, from the burnout chamber to the front smoke box through the two flanking flues, and then to the back smoke chamber through the smoke tube bundle, and then pumped out by the induced draft fan, and discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney, which can not only prevent the bottom of the boiler shell from being irradiated by the high temperature of the furnace, but also reduce the smoke temperature at the entrance of the high-temperature tube plate. In addition, with the aid of backwater injection, there is no dead water area at the bottom of the drum, which can also effectively prevent the tubesheet from being supercooled.

(5) The coal-fired boiler has compact layout, small floor space, convenient transportation, short installation period, low installation cost, low user investment and quick recovery benefit.

(6) Vertical coal-fired boilers, hot water boilers and heating areas are all straight pipes, and there are enough hand hole cleaning devices to facilitate manual and mechanical cleaning of dirt and internal inspection. The horizontal coal-fired atmospheric hot water boiler is equipped with a manhole large enough for people to enter the furnace body, which greatly facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the boiler.

Structural classification

Pulverized coal burner is a device that sends pulverized coal into the furnace for combustion.

① Swirl burner: the primary air containing pulverized coal and the secondary air without pulverized coal are respectively connected with the burner through different pipes. Pulverized coal and air can be fully mixed and form a reflux zone. Each boiler can be equipped with 4~48 burners.

② Once-through burner: the nozzle is narrow, and the primary and secondary air do not rotate in the burner. Pulverized coal can be completely burned inside.

The heating surface is divided into evaporation heating surface and overheating heating surface. Modern large and medium-sized boilers use water walls to form a furnace, so that the water walls (that is, heating surfaces) absorb the radiant heat in the furnace and evaporate water into saturated steam. In order to increase the radiant heating surface without increasing the furnace volume, large boilers can adopt double-sided exposed water walls. Superheated heating surfaces can be divided into platen superheater heating surfaces arranged in the upper part of the furnace and convection superheater heating surfaces arranged in the convection flue. The former absorbs radiant heat in the furnace; The latter absorbs convective heat.

The air preheater is installed at the tail of the boiler flue to recover the residual heat of flue gas and increase the temperature of combustion-supporting air. When high-parameter and large-capacity boilers are used to increase the hot air temperature (>: 300℃), it is often necessary to arrange the air preheater and economizer in layers.