Current situation of traditional cultural protection

And the tea culture in China, we have to involve Buddhism and Buddhist tea culture, because it is one of the wonderful flowers in China tea culture, which contains many intriguing contents.

First of all, we should talk about the important differences between Buddhist tea culture and traditional tea ceremony in China. The main theme of China tea culture can be said to be Confucian tea ceremony. Tea ceremony is full of one's own spiritual pursuit and enthusiasm for others. Drink tea, cultivate your noble spirit, give to others and share happiness with you. Sober, philosophical, enthusiastic, friendly and tolerant constitute the cheerful pattern of Confucian tea ceremony. Admit suffering, strive for happiness, and the comparative "golden mean" is easily accepted by ordinary people. The Buddhist tea ceremony does not have this cheerful style. It emphasizes "bitter silence" and "epiphany" in "bitter silence". Then, since the general trend of China tea culture is to love life and music, and the Buddhist spirit emphasizes bitterness and tranquility, how can these two things be so closely linked and reconciled into another tea culture-Buddhist tea culture?

As for the formation of Buddhist tea culture in China, we have to mention a glorious period of China feudal society-the Tang Dynasty. Buddhism has developed gradually since it was introduced into China in Han Dynasty, but its development can't get rid of the word "persistence". It was only in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, especially in the Tang Dynasty, that special development was made because of the advocacy of the imperial court, which made monks live in Buddhist temples all over the country. Many monasteries have not only become places for spreading Buddhist ideas, but also become economic units. Many monks are big landlords. The upper-class monks not only enjoy the luxurious life of secular landlords, but also are more leisurely than secular landlords. Drinking tea requires patience and hard work, and turning tea into art requires certain material conditions. Temples are often built between famous mountains and rivers, and the climate is often suitable for growing tea, while monks specialize in spiritual cultivation, so combining tea with spirit, the disciples of Buddha are one of the best candidates. Because monks are at leisure, they have time to drink tea, and they also need to drink tea for health. Coupled with the vigorous development and promotion of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty, monks traveled all over the world, which promoted the popularization of tea drinking throughout the country. It can be said that this is the immortal contribution of Buddhism to China tea culture.

But it is the contribution of Zen that Buddhism and tea science are truly combined to form Buddhist tea culture. "Tea Zen is blind" is still popular in China, Japanese and other countries. Zen is only one of the schools of Buddhism, but it is indispensable to lay the spiritual foundation of Buddhist tea culture.

Zen advocates the method of meditation, "pointing directly at people's hearts, taking nature as virtue, and not making statements." In other words, the heart is pure, without troubles, and this heart is the Buddha. Secondly, I also advocate that no matter how hard you work, you should be happy, and you should be happy without asking for anything in return. Buddhist tea culture has its own independent artistic conception because of its appearance.

The Zen view is very interesting. From a philosophical point of view, Zen emphasizes self-knowledge, that is, the so-called "clear mind and clarity", and advocates nothing, nothing, but persuading people to be open-minded. It is impossible for meditation to make things and troubles in the world disappear. From this perspective, tea can make people calm, not chaotic, not annoying, interesting, but moderate, which is compatible with Zen. Zen melts the idea of "quietness" into tea, hoping to integrate itself with mountains, rivers, nature and the universe by drinking tea, so as to obtain a beautiful rhythm and release the spirit. This is an "innovation" of monasticism. According to the original meaning of Indian Buddhism, this life is inseparable, and heaven is the way out. Of course, drinking tea doesn't help, and it's just waiting for death. But Zen is China Buddhism, which advocates "epiphany". If you take things lightly, you will "wake up". Getting spiritual sustenance in tea is also a kind of "enlightenment", so the spirit of tea ceremony and Zen are interlinked. It is precisely because of the Zen masters' persistent pursuit of quiet enlightenment that the artistic conception of Buddhist tea culture was established, and tea drinking was raised from skill to spiritual height, thus the word "tea ceremony" appeared in the history of China. 1) embodies the characteristics of Buddhist tea culture and highlights the restoration of Buddhist "tea ceremony".

Buddhist precepts are too strict for China people's appetite, but complete abstinence is not called Buddhism. Zen advocates Tong Yuan, but Tong Yuan has gone too far. Later, some Zen monks argued that even meditation was unnecessary, which posed a threat to Zen itself. So at the end of the Tang Dynasty, Zen began to rectify itself. Monks use the method of taking advantage of the sea, so don't create a "Zen method". Because Huaihai lives in Baizhan Mountain, it is called "Baizhan Qinggui", which contains all the code of conduct of monks. Tea is a good friend of the Zen monk, and the rules of drinking tea are naturally standardized. Since then, the Buddhist tea ware has officially appeared.

The famous tea ceremony is Zhejiang Yuhang Jingshan Tea Banquet. In the Song Dynasty, Jingshan Temple was famous for its Buddhism and tea, and was known as the crown of Zen forest in the south of the Yangtze River. At the tea banquet, we should sit and talk about Buddhist scriptures, tea ceremony and poetry. Jingshan tea banquet has certain procedures. First of all, the host monk personally "mixed tea" to show respect for all Buddhists. Then the monks in the temple-offering tea to the guests, called "offering tea"-opened the tea bowl to see the tea color, smell the tea fragrance and taste it again, opening up a new way of tea culture.

In addition, Zen also standardized the daily way of drinking tea and entertaining guests. These are the objects that we need to dig and sort out.

(2) Developing the tour of Buddhist tea culture is of great significance to the Japanese market.

Japanese tea ceremony has a deep relationship with China tea culture, no matter from tea set, tea ordering process or ideological spirit. In a sense, the Japanese tea ceremony is more similar to the Buddhist tea culture in China. Of course, the Japanese's own creation is also reflected in the Japanese tea ceremony, and it is precisely because of the similarity between the Japanese tea ceremony and the Buddhist tea culture in China to some extent that it is of great benefit for us to design Buddhist tea ceremony tourism and attract Japanese tourists.

Anyone familiar with the history of tea culture knows that the first person to learn tea from China and bring tea varieties to Japan was Japanese monk Zuichi. But the clearest place is that in the middle of the Tang Dynasty, the tea culture in China was just a new thing. Therefore, you can't know its essence better. It is the famous Japanese monk Rong who really publicizes China tea culture in an all-round way in Japan and lays the foundation of Japanese tea culture. Because he came to China twice and lived in China for 24 years, he got some insights into China's Buddhist theory and tea theory. This is reflected in his autobiography, such as "going to Tiantai Mountain to see the Qinglong on the slate, worshiping Lohan in the middle peak, offering tea soup and feeling the different flowers in the basket". The dragon is a symbol of China culture. The appearance of dragons in temples in China proves that Indian Buddhism has been completely China-oriented. The so-called tea supply for Lohan feels like camellia in a teacup. It is said that this feeling only exists under certain working conditions, from which we can see Rong Xi's cultivation skill at that time. After returning to China, Rong wrote a book "Drinking Tea for Health", which mainly absorbed the contents of Lu Yu's "Tea Classic" that are suitable for tea health care, cookers and techniques. It laid the foundation for the basic procedures and instruments of Japanese tea ceremony.

With the improvement of communication, during the Duanping period of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Japanese monk Yuanji tried to find Buddhism in Jingshan Temple. After returning to China, he brought tea seeds and spread them in Abekawa, spreading the research methods of Jingshan tea. Later, Zhao Ming, a Japanese monk, studied Taoism in Jingshan for five years. When he returned to China, he brought the "tea table" and "tea props" back to Chongfu Temple in Japan. This is also the reason why Japanese Buddhist circles still think Japan is a "tea ceremony". It can be seen that the development of Zhejiang Buddhist tea culture tourism will be an attractive content of Sino-Japanese cultural exchange.

(3) To develop Buddhist tea culture tourism, we should pay attention to the development and restoration of tea sets and the layout of teahouses.

Our teahouse now obviously doesn't pay enough attention to tea sets. Tea set is not only the crystallization of national culture, but also an indispensable part of tea art. Up to now, twenty kinds of Lu Yu's Twenty-four Instruments have been preserved in Japanese tea ceremony. The purpose of this is to make people gradually quiet down in the process of washing utensils and mixing tea, and experience an orderly process, which embodies the characteristics of "saving" and "introversion". In the process of washing utensils and ordering tea, the theme and dialogue of each tea party are designed, and the guest and the host answer each other, so that people can enter an ancient and solemn atmosphere through the tea ceremony ... At the same time, the arrangement of tea rooms in Japan also reflects the characteristics and spirit of this nation. Because Japan is an island country, Yamato people have a sense of crisis at any time, so the entrance of its ancient tea ceremony room is mostly designed to be very low, and it is necessary to squat down, which reflects the Japanese spirit of forbearance. Taking the trunk as the pillar and bamboo and thatch as the top also reminds people not to forget suffering at any time ... From then on, we should also pay attention to summing up and absorbing the advantages of all parties when developing Buddhist tea culture.

In a word, Buddhist tea culture embodies the basic spirit of Buddhism from one side, and China people are the most spiritual. Good tea drinking, skillful tea making and artistic beauty in the whole process of tea drinking are precious wealth for us to develop tourism products.