How to write a brief introduction to the works of the mechanical innovation design competition?

This work is a chair that is convenient for the elderly or people with inconvenient legs and feet to stand. The movement of one side is mainly driven by the movement of the upper limb of the user, so as to adjust the sitting posture and center of gravity of the person and reduce the movement of the lower limb to realize the standing posture. This mechanism mainly uses mechanical structures such as plane linkage to realize the adjustment of the chair surface and drive the user's action. And if the user needs it, it can also play a role in reducing the lower limb movement when sitting down.

The main innovation is that the elderly or other people with inconvenient legs and feet are mainly considered, and it is always very laborious to stand up; And often in the process of sitting down, I just sit down. In order to change this situation, we use our hands and feet in the process of standing, which is the main function for our hands and convenient for special people.

Popularization and application value The care for the elderly in our society is becoming more and more prominent. In this context, it is more important to care about the daily actions of the elderly. For special groups, such as people with lower limb injuries and disabilities, our design can also help them. It is convenient for users' daily actions and also reduces the care burden of children or caregivers. In this case, when they sit down, they won't worry about getting up again.

2 automatic assistant walker

Participating schools: Qingdao University

Participants: Wang Xingang, Zheng, Xu Sheng, and instructors: Shi Zhongxiu and Pang.

This product is mainly used for patients with leg disability and leg fracture in recovery period. Mainly using the principles of automatic detection and electrical control; The walker is skillfully combined with the power device to realize power walking; Single chip microcomputer system, photoelectric detection device and relay are added, which can automatically detect the patient's action intention and realize the car moving with people. The car has fully considered the needs of different users and set up a variety of different working modes; In addition, this car adds a lot of humanized design and safety protection measures, with simple structure, convenient operation and high product reliability; Innovative use of support plates instead of crutches can reduce the fatigue caused by long-term crutches; Because of the convenient operation and the supporting effect of the car body on the human body, patients can use it independently, greatly reducing the burden on their families and nurses. Basic technical index: 1, vehicle index: the speed can be continuously adjusted from 0 to 0.5m/s; Motor: DC 12V, 46rpm, P= 15W. Power supply: 12V,14ah; ; Photoelectric switch: detection distance: 0. 1m/0.3m, DC6~36V.

The main innovation (1) is that the system can automatically detect the action intention of human body and automatically start related systems for dynamic walking assistance; (2) The car can move with people, which improves the convenience and comfort of users; (3) The vehicle has realized stepless speed change in a certain range; (4) The vehicle adopts various working modes to adapt to different users; (5) The unique control circuit greatly simplifies the control system; (6) Many humanized designs and safety measures make this car safer and more practical; (7) Patients can use it independently, which reduces the nursing burden of family members and nurses.

Popularization and application value The application prospect of this car is very broad. It can be used in rehabilitation centers of hospitals, disabled people and elderly people with mobility difficulties to help them walk.

Multi-degree-of-freedom underactuated disabled manipulator controlled by speech recognition

Participating schools: Shanghai Jiaotong University

Participants: Li Shunchong, Yang,,. Instructor: Guan.

In order to make the manipulator as close as possible to the size of a human hand and show the advantages of underactuated hand, the manipulator will be driven by a motor and distribute power adaptively through a differential mechanism. The differential mechanism and motor can be hidden in the palm and wrist. Finger structure: Our manipulator uses four fingers, namely thumb, index finger, middle finger and little finger. Except the thumb, the size of each finger is the same, so it can be modularized and exchanged, and the hand index of the manipulator can be increased or decreased according to actual needs. The index finger, middle finger and little finger are each composed of three knuckles. The thumb structure is basically the same as the other three fingers, except for two knuckles. Elastic push rod differential mechanism: Because each finger only needs one motor to drive, in order to distribute the driving force to each finger adaptively, a set of driving force differential mechanism is needed. This is our plan. The slider is installed in the guide rail in the palm, driven by the lead screw and nut mechanism, and can reciprocate along the guide rail. The slider is connected with the finger through an elastic push rod. When the slider moves forward, when each finger does not touch the object, the elastic push rod does not shrink, which can be regarded as the rigid rod driving each finger to move.

The main innovation is that the so-called underactuated mechanism means that the number of drives is less than the degree of freedom. Our manipulator adopts the underactuated grasping principle, and all four fingers (*** 1 1 joint) are driven by motors to grasp objects. This kind of manipulator can adapt to the shape of the object well when grasping. The manipulator is about the size of a human hand. Compared with the general dexterous manipulator, although its functions are reduced, it has simpler structure, lighter weight and smaller volume under the same grasping action.

Popularizing and applying the underactuated manipulator whose value can be controlled by voice is simple in operation, convenient in use and low in price, which will surely bring good news to the disabled hand.

Multifunctional food auxiliary device

Participating schools: Guangdong University of Technology

Participants: Chen Qiqing, Chen Zhizhong, Liu Zhiyong, Lai Jintao and He Yingbing, and instructors: Fu Huinan and Lv Zhiqiang.

In order to fill the gap that there is no equipment to control eating with feet in the market, we designed this equipment with the same power input and diverse functions. Foot control can help with eating and turning pages. It consists of a base, a supporting column, a desktop, a turntable, a conveying device, an automatic reset mechanism, a book turning device and a pedal. The operation steps of the food aid are as follows: 1, apply force to the control pedal of the turntable, and drive the indexing mechanism to rotate through the soft brake line transmission to drive the dining table to rotate, so as to select dishes; 2. The control pedal of the conveying device continuously inputs power, and the mechanical arm on the conveying device swings downward for a certain angle, and then descends to the position of the dish through soft brake line transmission; 3. Apply force to the control pedal of the clamp to control the opening and clamping of the clamp to clamp the food; 4. Slowly withdraw the power to the conveying device, and the mechanical arm will return to its original position to realize food conveying; 5. Press the clamp control pedal hard to make the clamp loosen the food. The operation steps of turning the book are as follows: firstly, the straight downward movement of the slider in the arm is used to make the sucker suck the book tightly, then the book is raised to a certain height by using the suction of the sucker and the upward movement of the slider, and then the book is turned over by using the turning lever installed below the turntable and the rotation of the turntable.

The main innovation (1) is a new concept: it is a unique new device for controlling eating with feet. And the same action inputs and outputs multiple functions. (2) New realization mode: using simple mechanism to realize complex functions, with ingenious structure and simple operation. Specifically, a new mechanism is designed, in which only one controller controls the actions of two degrees of freedom according to time sequence, instead of the traditional method that one controller corresponds to one degree of freedom; Using the rotation of the turntable to replace the traditional manipulator to select food; Traditional chopsticks and spoons are replaced by clips, which have the dual functions of holding vegetables and rice. Replace the complex transmission mechanism with soft brake line transmission; Using spring to reset, one controller can control two movements in opposite directions.

Popularization and application value At present, there is no instrument for eating food by foot control in the market. In order to fill the gap in the market and overcome the shortcomings of single function and complex structure of the existing assistive devices, we designed this device, which can not only help to eat, turn over books and practice playing percussion instruments, but also has simple structure and simple operation. It can help the disabled with both hands to solve the problems of "eating hard" and turning pages, avoid the embarrassment and inconvenience of eating directly with their feet and turning pages, beautify their lives and enrich their spiritual life. In a word, its appearance will bring another life to people with inconvenient hands.

5 Mechanical leg auxiliary device based on active angle control

Participating schools: Shanghai Jiaotong University

Participants: Lu Wei, Yuan, Mao, instructor: Yin.

Introduction: Most of the intelligent prostheses on the market are very expensive, and their adaptability and stability are not ideal. For disabled people with physical disabilities and difficult life, a simple and cheap prosthesis is needed. Our work aims to provide this special group with cheap and relatively powerful prostheses. We made the lower limbs with knee fractures, mainly including thighs, knees and calves. Passive multi-axis prostheses on the market are very mature and have relatively standardized components. Therefore, our work is to add the functions of electric self-locking and automatic release on the basis of existing mature products.

The main innovation of knee joint is that we adopt a four-bar linkage mechanism, which can imitate the motion track of human knee joint soft tissue very realistically, and install an electromagnetic multi-plate clutch on the shaft with the largest motion angle, and control it to open or close through the pressure sensor installed on the calf. When the pressure sensor senses the weight of the human body, the clutch is closed, and the joint is locked, so it can not continue to bend, but it can continue to straighten through the one-way bearing on the shaft. When there is no pressure in the pressure sensor, the clutch is opened, the joint is relaxed, and the calf is lifted by the spring at a small angle, so that the prosthesis can complete the leg-throwing action when walking. This can improve the unnatural movement of the prosthesis when walking to the greatest extent, and make the walking posture as close as possible to normal people.

Promoting the application of prosthetic walking posture as close as possible to normal people's movements is of great significance to disabled people's assisted walking and has broad market prospects.

6 automatic book turning machine

Participating schools: Naval University of Engineering

Participants: Su Jie, Yan Hongbo, Long Kunxiong and Hou Wenshu, and instructors: Yan Chenghua and Jin Chuanxi.

This product is mainly designed for disabled friends who are inconvenient to turn over books by hand. The book turning machine consists of a book loading table and a control box. The book holder consists of an electromagnetic book holder and a book holder. The control box consists of a paper suction device, a page turning device (synchronous belt, synchronous belt wheel and book turning stick), a motor and a control circuit. The control circuit is based on AT89s52 single chip microcomputer. Working principle: Take sequential book turning as an example. If you control the foot switch or voice control device, the book holder on the right side will be released, the paper suction device will suck up a corner of the book, and then the synchronous belt will drive the book turning lever to turn over a page, and the book holder on the right side will be closed. When the book turning stick turns pages to the left, the book holder on the left is opened and then closed to complete a page turning, and the device returns to the initial position to prepare for the next page turning. The principle is the same when turning pages backwards. This product can use 220 volt AC power supply.

The main innovation (1) is that the page suction device is made of computer cooling fan according to the "negative pressure principle" of fluid mechanics, and the effect is very good; (2) Action design of the book turning stick: synchronous belt transmission is adopted to drive the book turning stick fixed on the synchronous belt to move horizontally, so that the page turning is smooth and the forward and reverse transmission is more reliable; (3) In the design of the book holder, the mechanical part of the holder is skillfully combined with the electromagnet, and the opening and closing of the book holder can be controlled only by turning on and off the power supply, which is simple and easy to use; (4) Compared with the pure mechanical book turning machine, this design is controlled by single chip microcomputer, which realizes automation and mechatronics. Disabled friends can complete the book turning action by touching the switch with their feet or other parts.

The value of popularization and application comes first. This work can automatically turn over books of different sizes and thicknesses. Can well meet the needs of disabled people for reading and learning with both hands. Second, this work is all composed of simple parts, and the processing technology requirements are not high. Some parts are standard parts, which have good interchangeability. Thirdly, the design cost is low, and manufacturers have a certain profit margin. In addition, this work can be used not only for people with arm disabilities, but also for those who are inconvenient to use their hands for some reason, such as those who are temporarily inconvenient to use their hands due to illness. Moreover, its principle can be extended to products such as flipping spectrum and copying. Therefore, this work has a very broad application prospect.