Selected papers on folk art

Folk art is a polysemous concept, and it is the art of laborers who are mainly farmers. It is a simple and free art form created by laborers themselves and applied and circulated among them. The following is an anthology of folk art papers I collected for you. Welcome to read the reference!

Selected works of folk art 1

On the Value of Folk Art in Art Education

Folk art has always occupied a place in China's art education. At present, in the artistic context of the pluralistic visual art era, folk art has been paid more and more attention in art education.

Introducing folk art into art education in colleges and universities is beneficial to both sides. Because of the inheritance of school education, folk art can avoid the fate of inheritance fracture and can continue to carry forward. School art education can add new vitality and enrich teaching content because of the participation of folk art, which contains simple modeling, simple colors, cultural connotation and traditional artistic concepts, and has reference and enlightenment for school art teaching. Through the study of folk art, students can improve their imagination, keen observation, develop creative thinking, strengthen the edification of traditional culture, enrich their emotions, form a unique aesthetic view, and then create excellent works with personal style and spirit of the times.

1. Improvement of traditional cultural literacy

The goal of art education is to improve people's spiritual realm, enrich people's emotions and improve people's life feelings. It can be used as an important cooperative factor to help people complete moral education, intellectual education and physical education. The cultivation and promotion of human spirit by art education is itself the goal pursued by moral education. It can be said that aesthetic education and moral education are inseparable. Art education shoulders the heavy responsibility of aesthetic education, and aesthetics is the most basic nature of art education. Many art educators have been committed to bringing national things into contemporary art classes. For example, Mr. Dong insists on nationalization of oil painting in teaching, and guides students to extensively study various excellent artistic heritages at all times and in all countries and China folk arts, so as to broaden students' horizons and cultivate comprehensive artistic accomplishment. Introducing folk art into art education can avoid paying too much attention to skills, artistic techniques and operating procedures, while ignoring the disadvantages of aesthetic education in cultivating and enlightening students' spirit.

A new understanding of China folk art is an important foundation to promote the development of art education in China, and it is also the key to explore the balance between localization and globalization of art education and the development of art education under the background of globalization. Under the background of globalization, we should tap art education resources from traditional culture, creatively transform China folk art from the perspective of the new century, and finally form the construction of modern art culture in China with the connotation of the times without losing the traditional connotation. Lin Fengmian once said: A nation's culture must be based on its inherent culture. We have a culture of 5,000 years, and each era has a good sense of the times. We should keep our inherent good things and absorb foreign things. ? [1] Traditional culture is a valuable resource for art education and artistic creation. Turning it into diversified art education resources can help students understand the connotation of China traditional culture, broaden their horizons and achieve the purpose of art education with China characteristics.

Folk art is an art created by working people to meet their own needs and social life. Its cultural connotation and artistic form represent China's original world outlook, aesthetics, emotional temperament and the national spirit of the Chinese nation. Its unique modeling and aesthetic methods produce a simple aesthetic feeling, which contains national spirit and has strong vitality. The living environment and material level of the older generation of folk artists are relatively low, but they always express a positive and healthy emotion in their works of art. The truth, goodness and beauty contained in folk works of art can satisfy the spirit, help purify the soul, and invisibly bring beneficial influence to people's life and creative attitude, so that people can improve their artistic appreciation level and form a healthy and upward aesthetic interest.

2. The development of creative thinking

In art teaching, folk art is only a way to achieve an end, not an end. The real purpose is to make people more creative in the creative process through art education. Folk art can be used as a medium of aesthetic education to help students find the starting point of art.

Some art colleges employ local folk artists for practical guidance, and master their unique modeling skills such as modeling, color and pattern, as well as the characteristics of modeling outline form and material technology, so that students' visual senses can be actively stimulated, the sensitivity, understanding and selectivity of observing things can be enhanced, the overall perception ability can be improved, and their own aesthetic feelings can be enriched and matured. In the process of learning, we seek creative inspiration, broaden our horizons, improve aesthetic taste, and thus stimulate imagination and creative potential.

65438-0986 The Central Academy of Fine Arts established the Department of Folk Art, which introduced the research and teaching of rural art into the highest fine arts institution in China. In that year, a folk art teaching was organized, and six peasant artists were invited to teach folk art on the platform of the Academy of Fine Arts. At the teaching summary meeting, the students said in succession: I drew things that I couldn't draw for several years and learned things that were difficult to learn in classroom teaching in the past. ? And the teacher also thinks: I have found the artistic essence that I have been searching for for many years. This is an inspiring and exciting teaching. ? [2]

3. The position of folk art in art education

For the traditional art in China, the diversified level is by no means a simple juxtaposition, but developed on the basis of folk art. Folk art is the foundation of all art, it is not only the source of art, but also the source of art, so? The modeling rules and creative methods of China folk art should keep pace with other artistic rules and creative methods of China fine arts institutions. Only in this way can China's art education be truly independent of the world and have its own national characteristics? . [3]

Excellent arts are rooted in the land where they grow. Only by recognizing their roots and the indispensability of traditional culture can we inherit and carry forward national art. At present, some young artists despise folk art, thinking that these things from rural areas are vulgar and vulgar, and blindly advocating some so-called doctrines or styles in the West, but they don't know that only by accumulating rich traditional culture can we create high-grade works of art. While learning from the excellent art forms of other countries, we should also understand our country's traditions, fully absorb nutrition from our traditional folk art, and integrate colorful folk art elements and national cultural spirit into modern art, thus creating influential works of art..

In recent years, educational circles have paid more and more attention to the important role of art education in cultivating and improving students' all-round quality. In addition to requiring students to be familiar with and master the basic laws of expression and modeling, art education is more important to guide students to be good at capturing the inner feelings of the depicted objects, and to guide students to express them passionately and vividly on the basis of fully understanding and grasping the objects, and to pay attention to integrating their feelings and will into their works to accurately express their personality and style.

These nationalized features have been deeply and vividly expressed in the folk art style. In the art world, under the current situation of great explosion and great integration of style and form, through the analysis and research on the national psychological characteristics, traditional aesthetic concepts and unique modeling methods contained in folk art, art education can get rid of the mechanical and empty disadvantages in the original art teaching system, absorb the spiritual and natural essence of China traditional culture, and create an aesthetic education style with the spirit of the times and cultural heritage. In the end, the personality power formed by this aesthetic education will penetrate into the subconscious level of personal spiritual life, forming the spiritual outlook of a nation and an era that spans a certain time and space.

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Contemporary art education should be based on and rooted in national traditional culture, and take the promotion of national traditional spirit and national traditional culture as the leading work. Excellent works of art are rooted in deep national soil. National spirit is the soul of artistic creation, and only national works are worldwide.

Inject the consciousness of folk art education, think about China's art development strategy, improve and strengthen the foresight of national art quality training, lay down students' values, cultural literacy and behavior norms, enable them to establish national feelings, and carry out meaningful and substantive work for inheriting the essence of national traditional culture and ensuring social unity, progress and development. This is also the direction of basic art education and teaching at present and in the future.

Selected works of folk art II

On the Development of Folk Art

China's folk arts are all over the countryside. There, almost no one is not closely related to folk art, they are either creators or users, and they are all in it. The aesthetic forms and forms of folk art are rich and colorful, and the cultural connotation is profound and rich, which echoes the ancient primitive cultural and artistic concepts and has a long-standing blood relationship. Many of his shapes and patterns can be traced back to the origin of the Chinese nation and the source of China civilization. Therefore, it has distinct value in folklore, ethnology, historical archaeology and cultural anthropology.

Keywords: folk art decorative art

Folk art is a polysemous concept, and it is the art of laborers who are mainly farmers. It is a simple and free art form created by laborers themselves and applied and circulated among them. Folk art can be said to be a part of national art with the most national characteristics and local spirit. The authors of folk art are people and folk craftsmen. Most of them are produced in their spare time or as a sideline, and they are mainly for their own use and appreciation, thus showing their psychology, wishes, beliefs and moral concepts.

Folk art is closely related to folk activities, and it develops with folk activities. Folk art creation is also most active in folk festivals, weddings, birthdays and games to meet the gods. For example, before and after the Spring Festival in China, New Year pictures, paper-cuts and Spring Festival couplets are used to decorate the environment, make clothes for children, and the Lantern Festival is celebrated with toy groups with social sparks. Shi Tian symbol, Zhong Kui statue, costumes with five poisons and dragon boat floats hung on the Dragon Boat Festival; Lotus lanterns in Mid-Autumn Festival, moon cake patterns in Mid-Autumn Festival, clay sculptures of male prostitutes; Wedding clothes, flowers and household registration for marriage; Tiger hat, tiger shoes, longevity lock, longevity clothes, to celebrate children's centenary birthday. The costumes in the folk festivals and dances of ethnic minorities are also decorated with rich artistic products.

At the Dai Water-splashing Festival, men and women presented butter sculptures, Tibetan gods and flower bags. Folk art is distributed all over the country. Due to China's vast territory, numerous nationalities, and differences in geographical conditions, customs and emotional temperament, rich categories and colorful styles have been formed in folk art. Some of these arts are used in daily life (such as lamps, utensils and furniture), while others are used to decorate and beautify the environment (such as New Year pictures and window grilles), which has the characteristics of unity of practical value and aesthetic value. The production materials of folk art are mostly ordinary wood, cloth, paper, bamboo and earth. However, the production skills are superb and ingenious, and there are few naturalistic simulation images. But good at bold imagination and exaggerated expression of strong feelings, often used by people to express their hopes for a better life through a beautiful image. They have a positive and optimistic attitude, full of vigor and vitality in art, fresh and lively, unpretentious, with a distinctive romantic color. It can be seen that folk art has been developing along the primitive art of human beings to this day.

Although China's folk arts are rich and varied, they still have many similarities, reflecting the spiritual outlook of a nation. Generally speaking, they are as follows:

1. Positive.

China's folk art is a kind of? Music culture? , is a kind of happy art, and the west? Guilt culture? There are essential differences. Most western cultures, starting from the Christian concept of original sin, believe that the purpose of life is only to atone, be forgiven and be reborn. This idea is also fully reflected in their works of art. In China, for thousands of years, people living on the basis of individual agriculture can't get rid of natural and man-made disasters, and they are hungry and poor. Born in sorrow, died in happiness? They pray for animism, life and reproduction, and dream of happiness and good luck. His philosophy is reincarnation? Today is not good, tomorrow will be fine? ,? Repaired in this life, there will be retribution in the afterlife? They are always full of hope for the future and the afterlife. Therefore, most of their artistic works do not show the hardships of real life, but try their best to show the beauty expected in the ideal.

2. symbolic.

Laborers first get the motivation of abstract creation from the process of understanding and transforming nature, and primitive art and folk art become pioneers of abstract art.

In image-building, folk artists often adapt their own images according to the times, places and materials, and show the natural and simple original appearance of objects in an abstract way. Aside from the details of realistic images, abstract realistic images are summarized by extremely simple lines: in folk arts such as cotton embroidery and peach blossom, except for a few figurative patterns, most of them are geometric patterns composed of points, lines and surfaces. This abstract modeling ability can be traced back to the Neolithic Age. On the surface of painted pottery, there are many patterns, such as dots, triangles, eddies, twists and turns, tooth patterns, fish patterns, frogs and so on. Aside from the various details and irregular factors of reality itself, the image of abstract reality is summarized with extremely simple lines. Abstract all kinds of animals and plants into geometric patterns, not only to observe carefully. Grasp the main characteristics of the object, concentrate on generalization, exaggerate deformation, and be full of strong cultural connotation and ancient modeling consciousness; The abstract symbolic significance of Cangyuan culture in Yunnan and ancient modeling consciousness. Folk costumes and daily necessities of the Han nationality can also be decorated with generalized abstract geometric figures, such as Baijiayi and Bainai.

This diamond-shaped rag, with color stitching and geometric structure, completely presents some animal and plant shapes with bright and harmonious colors; The reproductive worship of Central China trees, fishermen, cockshead fish and Pisces has a warm and festive atmosphere. The commonness of folk art is manifested in the stylized modeling. Like what? Ten catties of lion, nine catties of head, one catty of tail left behind? The painting strategy of Guizhou folk clay figurine drama is bold choice, exaggerating and refining its essence, abandoning weakening details and exaggerating the painting content: the shape of wild boar is very strange, the head and mouth occupy most of the position, and the trunk is almost omitted, but the life of wild boar is vivid and vivid. The woodblock New Year pictures in Wuqiang, Hebei Province highlight the bravery of the door gods, exaggerating horizontally as far as possible, reducing the proportion of the human body to four heads long, forming a bearing as thick as a mountain, while the ladies are portrayed as extraordinarily delicate and graceful, with thin waist and cut shoulders. When dealing with big scenes, folk woodcut prints express various objects with simple strokes. In a theatrical performance, a few ranks are hordes, and several groups of grass arranged shallowly in the printed matter are a meadow. The ellipsis technique in this modeling is reasonable and its meaning is clear.

3. It is instructive.

When it comes to education, we should focus on its moral education function. It can be said that folk art in China has played an irreplaceable role in moral education in China for thousands of years. Folk art, with its unique affinity, integrates ideological and rational contents into artistic images, and educates people in entertainment in its unique way, enlightening and educating people's moral concepts, codes of conduct, values of life, right and wrong concepts, aesthetic tastes, etc., which is of great appreciation, aesthetic significance and educational significance. In folk art works, the themes that aim to commend and publicize the deeds of martyrs, loyalty and filial piety, sage demeanor and chivalrous behavior account for a large proportion. They often take folk tales, historical allusions, novels or opera characters as the performance theme, and preach and teach with the help of aesthetic strength and entertainment, which is a materialized form of spreading beliefs and moral thoughts. Works in this area can be found everywhere in woodcarving, brick carving and stone carving of Huizhou architecture in southern Anhui, such as? Mother-in-law tattoo 、? Eight immortals crossing the sea? 、? Liangshan, Shui Bo? 、? Song Wu beat the tiger? Wait a minute.

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