Reform and reorganization of geological prospecting units

On the basis of sorting out the general idea of geological prospecting system reform, the first thing to do is to reform and reorganize the existing geological prospecting units, because it is not only related to the deepening of geological prospecting system reform, but also to the survival and development of hundreds of thousands of geological prospecting teams. From the content of the reform, the reform of the existing geological prospecting units has gone beyond the reform of the geological prospecting system. The problems faced by geological prospecting units are mainly manifested in two aspects:

First, the problems in system and mechanism. That is, the geological prospecting units formed under the planned economy system are the cause management system; Under the market economy system, geological prospecting units, except for public welfare and basic geological work, all other geological work is enterprise behavior. Therefore, the transformation of most geological prospecting units into enterprises is actually the reform of enterprises.

the second is the structural problem. Under the planned economy system, the huge geological exploration production capacity allocated by administrative methods is not so much under the market economy condition. That is, most geological prospecting units (estimated at more than 8%) will be transferred to non-geological prospecting industries, which is a major structural adjustment.

these two problems are interrelated, and the second problem can only be solved by solving the first problem, because the adjustment of production and operation structure itself is a kind of enterprise behavior, and only through the enterprise mechanism can it be effectively promoted. Therefore, the reform of most geological prospecting units (except the reserved public welfare geological survey team) is fundamentally to implement the transformation of things into enterprises, that is, to promote the reform according to the requirements and deployment of state-owned enterprise reform.

First, we should grasp our position from the state's adjustment of the layout of the state-owned economy.

From the current business scope of geological prospecting units, none of them belong to the industries and fields that the state-owned economy needs to control, but belong to "other industries and fields", that is, they are all in the field of competition. Through asset reorganization and structural adjustment, we should concentrate our efforts, strengthen key points, improve quality, and strive for survival and development in the market competition. Therefore, we should take the Bureau of Geological Exploration as a unit, do a good job in industrial structure adjustment, and focus on strengthening our leading industries and pillar industries, such as geological exploration, mining development, engineering exploration, and foundation construction. Cultivate key enterprises and develop economies of scale; Others form enterprise groups. In the market competition, there are points and combinations, highlighting scientific and technological development and occupying the highest point in the industry.

II. Standardized company system reform

Standardized company system reform should be implemented for enterprises in major industries and pillar industries, and limited liability companies or joint stock limited companies should be established. Realize diversification of property rights. First of all, create conditions to absorb employees' shares, combine the interests of enterprises with the property interests of employees, and fundamentally reform the operating mechanism of enterprises; Secondly, the newly invested incremental capital is no longer a wholly-owned enterprise, but as equity investment, which can be shared among geological prospecting units or joint ventures with other enterprises and other ownership systems. Through the reform of the company system, we will focus on building a good corporate governance structure, clarify the responsibilities of shareholders' meeting, board of directors, board of supervisors and managers, and form a corporate governance structure with their own responsibilities, coordinated operation and effective checks and balances. The owner has the ultimate control over the enterprise. The board of directors shall safeguard the rights and interests of investors, be responsible to the shareholders' meeting, make decisions on the company's development goals and major business activities, and appoint operators. The board of supervisors plays a supervisory role in corporate finance and the behavior of directors and operators. Operators are fully responsible for the daily production and business activities of enterprises.

Third, we should proceed from reality and open up and enliven the outlets of small enterprises.

For most geological prospecting bureaus, we should persist in taking geological prospecting units (geological brigade level) as the main body, make overall consideration, strengthen leadership and boldly advance; We should adhere to the combination of industrial structure adjustment and capital structure adjustment, which is conducive to the formation of leading industries and pillar industries with the bureau as the unit; We should adhere to the combination with the implementation of re-employment projects and take various measures to facilitate the diversion of personnel; We should insist on the non-loss of state-owned assets and ensure the owners' rights and interests. Small enterprises should take various forms, such as joint-stock cooperative system, partnership operation, property right sale, investment grafting, enterprise merger, lease operation, contract operation and entrusted operation. By reducing the amount of state-owned capital, state-owned capital will be withdrawn or converted into creditor's rights, and the reform of property rights system will be realized.

Fourth, efforts should be made to reduce the social burden of newly-established enterprises

While implementing the reform of corporate system and opening up the outlets of small enterprises, the base of the original geological brigade should be transformed to gradually form a property management center. Its main responsibilities are: ① to be responsible for the maintenance and management of the base real estate and public facilities; (2) Responsible for the social functions undertaken by the in-situ survey unit, such as the management of children's schools, staff hospitals, nurseries and canteens; (3) responsible for the management of retirees and laid-off workers; (4) entrusted to manage small business outlets, etc. Economically, the property management center is subject to independent accounting, self-supporting, and the funds are all contracted, and finally it is transferred to enterprises, handed over to local governments, and incorporated into local social management. All services of property management are paid, and the charging standards should be fair and reasonable and approved.

5. It is necessary to explore the effective forms of the state's management of the geological prospecting bureau and its subordinate enterprises.

In accordance with the principles of state ownership, hierarchical management, authorized operation and division of labor supervision, at the level of the geological prospecting bureau (which can also be changed to the head office or group company), strive for the authorization of the provincial government to operate and assume the responsibility of maintaining and increasing the value of state-owned assets. The Bureau of Geological Exploration represents the investors in the enterprises it holds and shares in, and exercises the rights and interests of the owners to ensure that the investors are in place. In addition, the Bureau of Geological Exploration also has the responsibility of managing the distribution of geological exploration fees, managing state-owned assets other than equity, and managing retirees and laid-off workers during the transition period when geological exploration units are transformed from undertakings to enterprises.

in addition to most of the above-mentioned geological prospecting units, some geological prospecting units that are "reserved at the central and provincial levels to undertake basic, public welfare and strategic geological exploration tasks" should also be reformed. Its system design can be roughly divided into three categories:

(1) Geological survey management organs, including the National Bureau of Geology and Mapping and its dispatched agencies. It is a pure institution, responsible for issuing contracts, supervising the implementation and collecting the results of geological survey tasks determined by the state.

(2) professional geological survey (or scientific research) institutions directly under the State Geological Survey. It is a productive institution and implements budget management. Prepare the budget according to the assigned tasks. Work in accordance with the determined tasks and budgets, and conduct evaluation. On the premise of ensuring the completion of the task, these units can also provide paid services to the outside world, so as to make full use of the existing factors of production, reduce the financial burden of the state and increase the benefits of the units.

(3) Geological survey institutions that have project contact with the State Bureau of Geology. They can be enterprises, scientific research institutions or universities. There are many ways to contact, some are bidding, some are contracting, and some are long-term cooperation. For the project contact unit, the Geological Survey Bureau can put forward qualification requirements and compete fairly. Public welfare geological survey, the implementation of project contact, is conducive to making full use of production factors, improving the level of specialization, in line with the reality that China's geological exploration production capacity exceeds demand.

The Bureau of Geological Survey must be different in the management of directly affiliated institutions and project contact units. The former should be strictly controlled in terms of funds to prevent misappropriation and loss; The latter, in terms of quality, should be strictly controlled, and there should be no interference in the use of the price. As long as the task is completed according to the quality and quantity of the contract, the price should be paid.