What is the manifestation of agricultural commercialization in ancient China?

First of all, the thought of "agriculture" and the thought of "building the country by agriculture" have always been the guiding ideology of rulers of past dynasties. The emphasis on agriculture and trade is the product of China's ancient feudal natural economy and the development of autocratic centralization of authority. Its implementation played a positive role in the stability of the country, the consolidation of the new landlord regime and the social and economic development in the early feudal society.

However, this policy opposes industry and commerce and agriculture and inhibits the development of industry and commerce. The result will inevitably hinder the development of commodity economy and make agriculture at the level of natural economy for a long time. The policy of emphasizing agriculture and restraining business in Ming and Qing Dynasties seriously hindered the development of capitalism, which was one of the important reasons why China fell behind the world.

Second, there are more and more varieties of crops; Production tools and production technology developed in the early stage and stagnated in the later stage. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, "five grains" were planted. Corn and sweet potato were introduced in the Ming Dynasty. In the early Qing Dynasty, it was common to grow cash crops. From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, agricultural production tools and production technologies developed continuously. Steel-edged iron tools were widely used in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Agricultural production tools have not been greatly improved since the Song Dynasty, indicating that feudal productive forces have come to an end, and the development of commodity economy will inevitably lead to the emergence of new production relations.

Third, the cultivated land area and total grain output continued to grow. From Qin and Han dynasties to Ming and Qing dynasties, the cultivated land area has been expanding. During the Western Han Dynasty, the land in the south, southwest and southwest was developed. During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the land resources in the south of the Yangtze River were further utilized, and paddy fields suitable for planting high-yield rice were widely distributed, and there were many phenomena of mountain development. Even barren sandy land was used in Ming and Qing dynasties, which was not suitable for planting rice and wheat. The continuous expansion of cultivated land has greatly increased the total grain output.

Fourth, the degree of commercialization of agricultural products has gradually increased. Before the Tang Dynasty, the commercialization trend of agricultural products was not obvious. In the Tang Dynasty, tea became a necessity of life. In the mid-Tang Dynasty, the government began to levy tea tax, which is a typical example of the commercialization of agricultural products. In the Yuan Dynasty, cotton was planted in the south, and it was pushed to Jiangbei in the Ming Dynasty. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the planting area of cash crops such as cotton, sericulture, tea, tobacco, flowers, oilseeds and medicinal materials expanded, forming some specialized production areas. Agricultural products directly promoted the development of commodity economy.

Fifth, the tax system changes with the change of land system. The changes of China's ancient tax system are mainly manifested in two major trends: first, people-oriented, gradually changing to situational, indicating that feudal countries gradually relaxed their personal control over farmers; The second is gradual change. From the body and the servant. Paying attention to money rent shows that China's commodity economy is developing continuously.

The expanded data proves that the market competitiveness of agricultural products is closely related to the origin of agricultural products. In our province, agricultural (forest) products are the most obvious location characteristics. It should be said that brand marketing of agricultural products is one of the effective ways to overcome the market demand constraints and enhance the competitiveness of agricultural products in domestic and foreign markets. It is our correct choice to scientifically plan the regional brands of agricultural products as soon as possible.

To implement the regional brand of agricultural products in Heilongjiang Province, we should face the international and domestic markets, focus on bulk agricultural products and characteristic products, focus on the existing regional leading enterprises of agricultural products, take industrialized operation as the main way, focus on supporting the construction of a number of leading enterprises of regional brands of agricultural products with moderate scale, and improve the popularity of regional agricultural products in Heilongjiang Province. Enhance the competitiveness of regional agricultural products in domestic and foreign markets, realize the increase of farmers' income, enterprise efficiency and tax revenue, and promote the sound and rapid development of the province's economy. It is very important to give full play to the famous brand effect and conscientiously implement the development strategy of "celebrities, famous enterprises and famous products" in agriculture.

Baidu encyclopedia-agricultural commercialization