What about animal husbandry in China?

Personally, I feel that the market is relatively depressed recently and is affected by the big environment. This cannot be artificially changed, and the prospect of modern animal husbandry is widely optimistic. I. Analysis of the Present Situation of China's Animal Husbandry Development Since the reform and opening up, China's animal husbandry development has made remarkable achievements. The production scale of animal husbandry has been expanding, the total amount of livestock products has been greatly increased, and the quality of livestock products has been continuously improved. Especially in recent years, with the implementation of the policy of strengthening agriculture and benefiting farmers, animal husbandry has shown an accelerated development momentum, the production mode of animal husbandry has undergone positive changes, and the pace of scale, standardization, industrialization and regionalization has accelerated. At present, the output value of animal husbandry accounts for 34% of China's total agricultural output value, and the income of animal husbandry accounts for more than 40% of farmers' income in areas with rapid animal husbandry development. China's animal husbandry has played a vital role in ensuring the stability of food prices in urban and rural areas and increasing farmers' income. In many places, animal husbandry has become the pillar industry of rural economy and the main source of increasing farmers' income, and a large number of excellent animal husbandry brands have emerged continuously, which has made positive contributions to promoting the development of modern animal husbandry. At present, the development of animal husbandry in China, especially the quality and safety supervision of animal products, is still facing a severe situation and arduous task. In some places, there are some problems such as insufficient investment in animal husbandry, hidden dangers in animal husbandry production and animal products processing, uncertain factors affecting the quality and safety of animal products, relatively backward feeding environment and production conditions, and severe situation of major animal diseases. Building modern animal husbandry is an important task to take the road of agricultural modernization with China characteristics. Vigorously promoting the brand building of livestock products and developing high-quality and safe brand animal husbandry are effective ways to build modern animal husbandry. Especially when the safety of livestock products is facing broader and deeper challenges, it is a powerful measure to vigorously strengthen the brand building of livestock products and enhance corporate social responsibility to cope with the challenges faced by animal husbandry production, safeguard the health and safety of consumers and promote the healthy development of animal husbandry. It is necessary to take the brand building of animal husbandry as an important part of strengthening the quality supervision of animal products, formulate and implement relevant supporting policies and measures, give play to the exemplary role of excellent brands, and explore ways and experiences of brand building of animal husbandry. In recent years, China's animal husbandry production has continued to show a steady and healthy development trend. The main livestock products continue to grow, the production structure is further optimized, and the animal husbandry continues to change from quantity to quality and efficiency. The output value of animal husbandry has accounted for more than 30% of the total agricultural output value, and has become the most dynamic growth point and the most important pillar industry of China's agriculture and rural economy. Income from animal husbandry has become an important source of income for farmers' families. The following are the statistics released by FAO in 2009: There are 523 million live pigs in China, accounting for 50.9% of the world, ranking1in the world; There are 2 1 90,000 sheep, accounting for 18.72% of the world's total population, ranking1in the world; There are 246 million goats, accounting for 25. 14% of the world's total population, ranking 1 in the world; Cattle1890,000, accounting for 9.2% of the world total, ranking third in the world. The total output of meat is 6.5438+0.0845 million tons, eggs (excluding eggs) are 8.436 million tons, eggs are 35.786 million tons and milk is 37.85 million tons, of which meat accounts for 30% of the world's total output, poultry accounts for 80%, eggs account for 40% and milk accounts for 5%. So far, China's per capita consumption of meat has exceeded the world average, and the per capita consumption of eggs has reached the average level of developed countries, while the per capita consumption of milk is only113 of the world average. As can be seen from the above data, the development level of animal husbandry in China has achieved rapid development in the past 30 years of reform and opening up. Second, the main problems encountered in the development of animal husbandry in China 2. 1 Rural farmers lack technology. For a long time, China's rural production mode has been dominated by traditional agricultural production, while small-scale production and natural economy still occupy a certain dominant position. In aquaculture, it is mainly free-range, which is in the sideline position of family production. This kind of free-range farming model is far from the modern farming industry with scientific, large-scale and intensive production. The production equipment, technology and conditions of retail farming are relatively backward, especially in terms of ideas, which can not meet the needs of modern aquaculture. Most retail farmers still regard agricultural farming as a supplementary form of family income. In addition, these farmers have a relatively low level of education, and it is difficult to accept modern professional breeding skills, which has also become a major obstacle to the large-scale development of aquaculture in rural areas. 2.2 Serious environmental pollution A large amount of feces produced by animal husbandry, if not handled properly, will directly pollute and destroy the local environment. At present, whether it is a large-scale modern farm or a small-scale family retail farming, there is still a lack of corresponding environmental protection measures and waste treatment systems for livestock manure treatment. Untreated feces are directly piled up in the open air or directly discharged into rivers, which pollutes livestock and the environment. At the same time, these large amounts of feces have also caused some human and animal diseases. The existing solutions are generally water washing and biogas utilization. Using water flushing to clean feces requires a lot of treated sewage. If these sewage can be separated and discharged into farmland, the utilization effect can be achieved. If it is directly or indirectly discharged into rivers, it will also seriously pollute surface water. In addition, livestock manure fermentation produces a large number of harmful gases such as CO2, NH3, H2S and CH4, which will endanger human health, aggravate air pollution and cause global greenhouse effect if directly discharged into the atmosphere. But if it is collected and processed into biogas, it will be reused. 2.3 Shortage of feed resources For a long time, the development of animal husbandry in China mainly depended on grain production. Although China's total grain output has increased to a certain extent, the increase is not large. At the same time, the population of China is increasing, and the land used for animal husbandry is decreasing year by year for various reasons. In addition, the relative decline of grain output in China actually restricts the development of animal husbandry. The rapid development of animal husbandry has led to a sharp increase in feed grain. At present, feed grain accounts for about 1/3 of grain in China, but there is a problem of competition between humans and animals, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of animal husbandry. 2.4 High drug residues in livestock products With the wide application of antibiotics, chemical synthetic drugs and feed additives in animal husbandry, while reducing animal mortality, shortening animal feeding cycle and promoting the output growth of livestock products, a few farmers are driven by interests, which leads to the increase of veterinary drug residues in livestock products and some heavy metals, antibiotics and other veterinary drug residues that are harmful to human health, causing social concern. 2.5 scientific and technological research and promotion is ineffective. The traditional animal husbandry technology in China can't keep up with the requirements of modern animal husbandry. Although China has always attached great importance to scientific research in animal husbandry, the transformation rate of scientific research achievements in China has not been high for a long time, and some local governments have insufficient understanding of the transformation of scientific research achievements. Many "high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency" livestock breeding technologies only stay in words, without effective use of animal husbandry resources. In addition, the quality of personnel engaged in animal husbandry production in China is generally low, which makes it difficult to popularize animal husbandry breeding technology and hinders the process of sustainable development of animal husbandry. Third, the development trend of China's animal husbandry 3. 1 Improve farmers' understanding of aquaculture. Science and technology are the primary productive forces. Under the premise that a large number of retail farmers in various places account for a considerable proportion, it is very important to improve the breeding technology level of farmers. We must study and apply aquaculture technology knowledge in a down-to-earth manner. On the one hand, the competent government departments should attach importance to the popularization of aquaculture technology, organize practical aquaculture technology teaching at all levels in a planned way, and hold various trainings and classes. On the other hand, to change farmers' ideas, only by changing farmers' traditional ideas and learning professional breeding knowledge and skills can we realize the scientific, large-scale and intensive industrial structure transformation of the whole animal husbandry. 3.2 Vigorously promote large-scale farming According to the development of animal husbandry, we will build standardized farming communities or farms, and government departments will formulate policies to support the development of animal husbandry and conscientiously implement them, promote the construction of standardized scale farms, and support the development of large-scale and ecological farming models. Establish standardized farming communities or large-scale farms to realize harmless treatment of livestock manure and rational utilization of resources. Accelerate the regional distribution of superior animal products, concentrate on the utilization of favorable animal husbandry resources in various places, and develop competitive animal products brands. Achieve large-scale, efficient production and market competitiveness. 3.3 Standardized production To improve the quality level of livestock products, it is necessary to establish and improve the safety and quality standard system of agricultural and sideline products in China, and do a good job in the construction of various standardized demonstration breeding areas and standardized breeding bases. Realize the improvement of animal husbandry level from the source, so that the products are in line with the international market and competitive. Establish a scientific and strict food safety guarantee system from raw material procurement, production equipment, product processing and testing. This is also an important foundation for the sustained, rapid and healthy development of animal husbandry. Practice has proved that both agricultural products and livestock products, as long as they have quality and brand, will improve market competitiveness. 3.4 Strengthen the construction of improved seed system, formulate and promote livestock population genetics and livestock variety improvement plans, make full use of the scientific research achievements of domestic livestock breeding projects, focus on supporting the construction and transformation of large-scale and well-managed breeding farms, build a number of leading enterprises, and accelerate the breeding and promotion of excellent varieties; Accelerate the construction of infrastructure such as production performance testing stations and seed stations; Standardize the approval of breeding livestock and poultry farms. Establish and improve the management database of breeding livestock and poultry, and carry out the registration of excellent breeding livestock and poultry; Strengthen the protection, development and utilization of livestock and poultry genetic resources, publish the provincial list of livestock and poultry resources protection as soon as possible, and strictly examine and approve the import and export of livestock and poultry genetic resources. At the same time, strengthen the protection of improved varieties of livestock and poultry and strengthen law enforcement. 3.5 Scientific management of large-scale aquaculture enterprises requires scientific and standardized management, and weak management links generally exist in agricultural enterprises in China. Animal husbandry production needs scientific, rigorous and standardized methods and attitudes. Modern aquaculture enterprises should first establish the concept of scientific management and establish a set of standardized and effective scientific management, standardized production and management, and disease prevention and control management system, which is the key to promote the scale and healthy breeding of modern animal husbandry. Through the establishment of modern enterprise management mechanism, realize modern livestock and poultry breeding.