Application of sustainable urban drainage system?

In the face of the many problems that exist in traditional urban drainage systems, the concept of sustainable urban drainage systems is proposed, and this paper gives a detailed introduction to the concept, application and development of sustainable urban drainage systems.

Today's accelerated economic globalization has led to a significant acceleration of urbanization in various countries. This is particularly evident in developing countries such as China, and the consequent construction of municipal infrastructure is also on the rise. The urban drainage system is an infrastructure for the rational treatment of urban production and living or rainwater. The drainage system keeps the city clean and hygienic by diverting the sewage out of the city. The traditional urban drainage system has the problems of high project cost, slow construction period, unfavorable sewage collection and treatment, and serious pollution of water and land. These problems are more prominent in some rapidly industrializing cities around the world, for which the concept of sustainable urban drainage systems has been proposed [1]. This paper presents the concept, application and development of sustainable urban drainage systems.

1 Background of the concept of sustainable urban drainage system

At the end of the last century, along with the relative stability of the global situation, countries will be the economic development and urban construction as the key development object, so the disadvantages of urban drainage system began to appear. The main problems are: inadequate drainage capacity, such as tropical urban areas in the rainy season, poor urban drainage leading to urban flooding. Lack of sewage classification capacity, the traditional urban sewage discharge failed to distinguish between rainwater and domestic water, resulting in a combined flow into the sewage treatment plant, resulting in a significant increase in the burden of sewage treatment, or worse, industrial sewage and domestic sewage discharged together, resulting in a complex and difficult sewage treatment process. High economic costs, the traditional urban drainage system pipeline crisscrossing, covering a huge area, resulting in the complexity of the urban underground space environment, sewage discharge outlets are often set up in places far away from the city, resulting in the drainage pipeline road twisting dozens of hundreds of kilometers. Water source land pollution is serious, the traditional drainage system is not set up properly, it is possible to discharge urban sewage to suburban farmland or rivers and lakes, resulting in environmental pollution.

2 Connotation of the concept of sustainable urban drainage system

Sustainable urban drainage system was first put forward in 1998 by the American Society of Civil Engineers based on the concept of sustainable development put forward by the 1992 United Nations Summit, and later defined by UNESCO: "The design and management of sustainable urban drainage systems can meet the current and future needs of the city. The design and management of sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS) meets the current and future development needs of the city, and is environmentally friendly, ecologically intact and sustainable, in addition to fulfilling its intended functions. Sustainable urban drainage systems were first practiced in some developed Western European countries through the inclusion of sustainable urban drainage systems as part of the conceptualization of sustainable cities. The characteristics of sustainable urban drainage systems are as follows:

2.1 Comprehensive consideration of the overall sustainability, in order to meet the functionality of the basis, to enhance the comfort of urban life and health and safety, environmentally friendly, sustainable use. 2.2 In the structural design, and strive to change the drainage system from the source, a lot of borrowing from the latest engineering technology and experience, from the collection of wastewater, rainwater interception, and ultimately the final destination of the system are well thought out, the drainage system is not the only one, but also the most important one. destination are well thought out, do not make decisions blindly, brainstorming, seeking scientific decisions from experts.2.3 Sustainable urban drainage system is a system of water resources circulation flow, and seeks to categorize different sources of sewage, domestic sewage recycling through water quality treatment, rainwater after treatment to supplement the scarcity of groundwater [2]. Industrial wastewater may pollute the environment, and it is treated specifically to meet water quality standards before being discharged into the natural environment. Domestic wastewater and rainwater are recycled and reused for industrial or non-drinking purposes. It greatly reduces the extent of the demand for underground water sources, rivers and lakes. 2.4 On the basis of the hardware facilities of the sustainable urban drainage system, the formulation of laws and regulations and administrative ordinances, etc. to ensure the smooth operation of the system.

3 Application of Sustainable Urban Drainage System Concepts

Western European countries have the earliest application of sustainable urban drainage systems, and the first successful initiative was to collect sewage in different ways at the source and divide and conquer. The use of rainfall close to the place to set up a rainwater collection system, through the use of good permeability of building materials drainage materials so that rainwater can be infiltrated into the ground at a faster rate, which not only enhances the speed of urban rainwater treatment, reducing the incidence of flooding during heavy rainfall, and discharged into the underground rainwater effectively replenish the groundwater shortfall, which for the stability of the urban stratum is also very beneficial.

The concept of treatment at the source also greatly reduces the problem of staggered and densely-packed underground pipelines, not only reduces the cost of laying pipelines, but also eliminates the traditional drainage system rainwater collection to a place where the pressure of the overall treatment. In the city divided into many areas, close to the source of the best, for water resources, respectively, after treatment, the nearby supply of nearby areas for recycling, such as watering lawns and trees, flushing toilets, etc., while reducing the total mileage of the city's water supply pipeline to reduce the cost of investment in construction. Under the leadership of Western European countries, China has also accelerated the research and construction of sustainable urban drainage systems in recent years, and now the more successful cities in the application of sustainable urban drainage systems include Beijing and Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. Beijing is located in a geographic location where the average annual precipitation is scarce, which is not in harmony with the large number of people.

Combined with the advent of the new era and the new stage, Beijing's groundwater exploitation is serious, making the groundwater resources seriously insufficient, the huge demand for water but the lack of water resources plagued the Beijing Municipality. During the pre-construction phase of the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of China (MWR) approved a document that foretold the application of a sustainable urban drainage system in Beijing, and the new drainage system, completed in 2008, will increase the utilization of wastewater by 90% of the original level. The completed wastewater recycling areas can greatly satisfy the non-potable water supply for urban industry and agriculture, greatly reducing the consumption of fresh underground water resources in Beijing, and it is expected that water resources will be more fully utilized in the future with the construction of more wastewater treatment areas. As China's largest special economic zone, Shenzhen has a large number of foreigners living here all year round, and the distribution of water resources is under great pressure.

Despite the country's previous planning to have a number of initiatives to transfer water supply to Shenzhen, but this still does not meet the demand for water resources in Shenzhen. In addition, the Shenzhen area is full of factories, all kinds of industrial wastewater discharge to the water and land caused by huge pollution. According to statistics, in 2000, the amount of industrial wastewater in Shenzhen accounted for 52% of the total wastewater discharged in the Shenzhen Economic Zone. A large amount of sewage discharged into the river, resulting in the deterioration of the water quality environment, aquatic plants died in large numbers, odor permeated the coast to the people living in great distress. In order to restore a good water environment in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, to achieve sustainable use of water resources, Shenzhen City in 2008 to implement sustainable urban drainage system related projects, now the past ten years past the achievements, the urban environment has greatly improved, the river is clear, water security.

4Conclusion

Implementation of sustainable urban drainage systems is the need for future economic and social development. China is still lagging behind western developed countries in this regard, sustainability is low, and there is a huge difference between the east and west of urban construction planning and development. For this reason, we should make unremitting efforts to promote the concept of sustainable urban drainage system, and strive to solve the water shortage in China, water pollution and other outstanding problems. As a huge project, sustainable urban drainage system construction requires rational planning, multi-party coordination, the future of China's sustainable urban drainage system construction is a long way to go.

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