217 "Where is the new college entrance examination?

There are still more than ten days, and the 217 college entrance examination will come.

Different from the past, this year is also called "the first year of the new college entrance examination". The new college entrance examination will be held in Zhejiang and Shanghai, and the comprehensive reform of college entrance examination has entered a critical moment. Since the resumption of the college entrance examination system in 1977, the proposition of college entrance examination and the enrollment system have been constantly adjusted and optimized. This time, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council made up their minds to launch a brand-new top-level design, which is considered to be an important reform in the 4 years since the resumption of college entrance examination enrollment.

what new challenges will the new college entrance examination bring? How to "reference" the comprehensive quality evaluation? What changes will the new college entrance examination bring? The reporter conducted in-depth visits on issues of general concern to the society.

where is the "new" of the "new college entrance examination"

simply look back on the reform process. In September 214, the State Council issued the "Implementation Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Examination Enrollment System", and identified Shanghai and Zhejiang as pilot provinces and cities for the comprehensive reform of the national college entrance examination, providing a basis for the reform of the college entrance examination in other provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities). The two places soon launched a pilot program for comprehensive reform of the college entrance examination, which was implemented from the first-year high school students who entered the school in the fall of 214. To some extent, how to change and what to change the college entrance examination in Shanghai and Zhejiang is the vane of the national college entrance examination reform.

Briefly summarize the reform plans of college entrance examination in the two places, and two abbreviations are eye-catching images-"two bases and one reference" and "3+3" as examination subjects. The so-called "3+3" means that from 217, the college entrance examination results are composed of three unified college entrance examination results of Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages and three students' self-selected examination subjects, which is the basic basis for admission to colleges and universities. Among them, Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages scored 15 points each, Shanghai scored 7 points each for three elective subjects, and Zhejiang scored 1 points each for three elective subjects. At the same time, both places are no longer divided into arts and sciences.

For colleges and universities, the criteria for the admission of students have changed from simply looking at the results of the college entrance examination in the past to the results of the college entrance examination in three subjects and the academic level examination in three self-selected subjects (that is, "3+3"). In addition, we must refer to the comprehensive quality evaluation of high school students, that is, "two bases and one reference". In this regard, a person in charge of college enrollment said, "The traditional college entrance examination is like a table meal. Now the way is a bit like a buffet. Choosing your favorite dishes provides opportunities and rights." In addition, the foreign language test has changed from once a year to twice a year, and you can choose a better score to be included in the total score of the college entrance examination.

What are the new challenges brought by the "new college entrance examination"

The new college entrance examination is quite different from the past in terms of the diversity of examination subjects and the way of volunteering to fill in and enroll. This has brought new challenges to candidates, universities and examination institutes in both places.

The reporter learned that in the past, there were almost only three modes for major universities to recruit students in Shanghai: only recruiting literature, only recruiting science and accepting both arts and sciences. For candidates, the "1" of "3+1" is only a "side station", and only one is selected for the "political history and geography" of liberal arts and one for the "physics and chemistry students" of science. Nowadays, it has become a "3 out of 6" regardless of arts and sciences. According to the permutation and combination algorithm, students' scores are diverse, and some people calculate that there are 15 to 2 kinds.

for universities, different majors have different requirements for candidates' subjects, which increases the difficulty of candidates to some extent. We should balance and balance our interests with the requirements of universities. According to the plan announced a few days ago, there are 196 specific majors or disciplines in 37 colleges and universities in Shanghai. Among more than a thousand professional categories, there are 655 majors (categories) in 14 colleges and universities without subject restrictions. Physics is the most frequently selected subject, accounting for 37.9% of the total; Followed by chemistry, accounting for 3.7%; Life science accounts for 2.3%. Candidates only need to meet any one of the selected subjects, that is, they meet the conditions for applying for this major (category). For example, the history major of Fudan University requires that the selected subjects be history, politics and geography, that is, candidates can meet the conditions for applying for any one of the selected subjects. The most stringent thing is to limit one subject. For example, Shanghai Jiaotong University requires candidates to apply for the school's science major, and there must be an additional course in physics.

volunteering and admission are also different from the past. Zhejiang Province has changed from filling in volunteers and enrolling in batches to filling in volunteers and enrolling in batches according to candidates' scores. From school parallel volunteer to professional parallel volunteer. General college entrance examination candidates can fill in 8 professional parallel volunteer and professional parallel volunteer, which will be conducted according to the candidates' ranking and voluntary order. The computer searches the 8 volunteers reported by the candidates in turn, and once they meet the requirements for filing, they will be directly filed in the college, and the subsequent volunteers will be invalid at the same time. Shanghai regards "college professional groups" as the basic unit for volunteering to fill in and file for admission, and each candidate can choose up to 24 "college professional groups" in the ordinary batch of undergraduate courses. The "College Specialty Groups" are set up by colleges and universities enrolling students in Shanghai according to the requirements of elective subjects of different majors (including majors or major categories) and the needs of personnel training. A university can set up one or more "College Specialty Groups", each of which contains a different number of majors. The requirements of elective subjects of all majors in the same "College Specialty Group" must be the same, and the majors in the same "College Specialty Group" can be adjusted.

The "New College Entrance Examination" may make candidates feel more anxious when choosing subjects and filling in their volunteers. After all, it is difficult for candidates to understand the characteristics and direction of each major. However, "the new scheme is sending a signal to the outside world in the voluntary reporting process-candidates, parents and schools should pay more attention to students' personality growth and development needs." Chen Jun, principal of Shanghai Shibei Middle School, introduced. Of course, in order to reduce the chances of candidates missing a good school or major because they are unfamiliar with the rules and make mistakes in volunteering, Shanghai has implemented two new methods: filling in volunteers after the results of the college entrance examination are announced and soliciting volunteers twice.

"Through selection, students can develop comprehensively and individually, and colleges and universities can find talents suitable for professional training objectives. Realize' learning what you are good at, testing what you are good at and recording what you want'. For young students, learning to choose and being good at choosing is not only necessary for coping with the college entrance examination, but also an' examination question' that they must face when they grow up. " The relevant person in charge of the Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education said. "The role of highlighting choice is to hope that candidates can start from their ambitions and interests as much as possible, think about what kind of university to choose, what major to study, and pay attention to growth planning." Chen Jun believes.

Zhejiang Education Examinations Institute suggests that candidates should do their homework before volunteering to fill in the new college entrance examination: read carefully the annual enrollment plans of colleges and universities in Zhejiang Province, and refer to the requirements for candidates in the enrollment regulations of the colleges and universities reported that year, such as physical examination, foreign language, single subject scores, comprehensive quality evaluation, etc., to see if they meet the requirements for entering the examination. Combined with learning interest, professional orientation and future development planning, comprehensive consideration, careful choice.

what new changes have been brought about by the "new college entrance examination"

The comprehensive reform scheme system of college entrance examination looks complicated, but the value behind it is very clear-encouraging students' individual needs and diversified selection of colleges and universities, while ensuring the fairness and scientificity of the system.

Taking the division of arts and sciences as an example, the concepts of "arts students" and "science students", which are black and white, will gradually fade out after more than 3 years of existence. Moreover, with the implementation of "3+3", the previously unpopular subjects such as life science, geography and history have become "hot" under the background of no separation of arts and sciences, so that teachers in some schools are nervous about geography and other subjects, and there has been a phenomenon that several schools "enjoy" resources and teachers "walk away" to teach.

Similarly, Shanghai's college entrance examination enrollment unit is no longer a school, but a "college professional group", which also reflects the encouragement of students' personalized choice. Ye Yinzhong, vice president of Shanghai Universities of Applied Sciences, introduced the school as an example. This year, the school has set up four "college specialty groups", namely "materialized students, materialized history, materialized places and unlimited", and each specialty group contains several major categories and more. For example, architecture major belongs to engineering, but it has the characteristics of combining technology and art, so it is classified as "materialization history" major group. "In this way, candidates can not only rely on the advantages of science, but also take advantage of literature and history subjects to enter this major."

Many university admissions officers said that this change is helpful to improve the matching degree between universities and candidates. For candidates, it means more choices-you can give priority to schools or majors; For colleges and universities, it can better highlight the characteristics of running schools. Ding Guanghong, assistant to the president of Fudan University and director of the admissions office, said that not only the number of candidates who can fill in their volunteers has increased, but more importantly, it has brought about qualitative changes in the interest cultivation, potential mining and learning mode transformation of future high school students. "Under the traditional mode, there is a tendency to recruit students without recruiting people," said Liao Zongting, director of the Admissions Office of Tongji University. The professional group system broke the original concept of school scores, and each college professional group has an independent admission score line, which helps universities and disciplines to highlight their own school-running characteristics.

after the implementation of the "new college entrance examination", whether the comprehensive quality evaluation can be objective and scientific is a common concern of candidates. This new highlight of the college entrance examination reform aims to record students' comprehensive performance in an objective and realistic way as an important reference for colleges and universities in the admission process. In the eyes of many educators, the introduction of comprehensive quality evaluation into the college entrance examination is a "subversive approach to completely break the score theory". Zhou Hong, director of the Chinese Admissions Office in nyu shanghai, thinks that the enrollment of world-class universities is adhering to an idea: students are required to have excellent academic performance as well as outstanding performance in comprehensive quality such as club activities, scientific and technological innovation and sports competitions.

According to Zheng Fangxian, president of Shanghai Education Examinations Institute, education reform must make good use of the baton of college entrance examination. In the comprehensive reform of college entrance examination, there are no distinction between arts and sciences, academic level examination scheme and comprehensive quality evaluation report, all of which are aimed at the increasing tendency of partiality and the weakening of social practice in student training. "Add listening and speaking content to English teaching in senior high schools; Regardless of arts and sciences, the math test paper pays attention to the math foundation and thinking of high school students; The rigid requirement of comprehensive quality evaluation encourages more schools to regard social practice as the basic content of high school education ... The reform of college entrance examination system drives the reform of education, so that the goal of high school students growing up according to the ideal model can be realized. This is the change we hope to see. " Zheng Fangxian said.

The same is true in Zhejiang. In the past three years, Zhejiang Province has been deeply involved in the "experimental field" of college entrance examination reform. From the perspective of enrollment system, it has basically formed an enrollment selection pattern of classified examinations, comprehensive evaluation and multiple admissions. From the perspective of students' growth, it highlights individualized development and expands students' right to choose; For senior high school education, it has promoted the curriculum reform of senior high school, and the idea of educating people based on student development and the idea of selective education have been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. For higher education, it has enhanced the sense of urgency in enrollment selection and specialty construction, and forced universities to optimize professional institutions, strengthen specialty construction and deepen teaching reform.