Who can help me find a news broadcast?

The entertainment of news has become the general trend of TV media, the proportion of serious news programs is declining, and the entertainment of information is becoming more and more obvious. The entertainment phenomenon of news should be viewed from two aspects. At present, TV stations in China have many news programs to attract the attention of the audience, and most of them are welcomed by the audience. The entertainment of news is the adaptability of TV to the audience and the market, which brings considerable economic benefits to the media. However, it is undeniable that news entertainment also has many disadvantages, which leads to vulgarization of news reports, weakens the audience's discrimination and critical spirit to society, and also dispels the achievements of regular education for teenagers. In this regard, we should actively respond to it in order to develop.

Under the background of economic marketization, the news reform of the media industry has gone through more than 20 years, and the entertainment of news has gradually surfaced. What exactly is news entertainment? There is no authoritative definition at present. It is generally believed that the entertainment of news is mainly reflected in softening hard news, that is, mining the so-called entertainment value from serious political, economic and other events and information, rather than focusing on the trivial and star anecdotes in the entertainment circle like entertainment news. It emphasizes story, plot, interest and human touch in the means of expression and news processing. There are different opinions about news entertainment. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of news entertainment.

First, the status quo of news entertainment in China

As far as China is concerned, due to the essential difference of media ownership, China media is obviously different from western pure commercial media in operating mode, concept and operation method. The media in China always adhere to the dual attributes of superstructure and information industry, and insist that social benefits and economic benefits go hand in hand, and always emphasize that the media should adhere to the socialist direction, serve the people, put social benefits first, and adhere to the correct direction of public opinion. To a great extent, this ensures that serious and high-quality media products always occupy the main position of China media products (including news reports). However, in order to be closer to the audience and cater to the market, hard news began to "soften" in content and form in the 1990s, trying to make news entertaining.

(A) Hunan Taiwan's "Evening News" was revised to create a precedent for news entertainment.

The column strives for survival with individuality, and the news should also pursue individuality. Evening News is an old signboard of Hunan TV Station, and it was listed on 1983. Since the revision of 1998, we have been doing news exploration and made a breakthrough in news content and TV form. It puts down its airs in content, starts with the social life closely related to ordinary people, and emphasizes the story, plot and detail of news; Breaking the rigid language and changing "broadcast news" into "spoken news" is a typical unorthodox model. Therefore, it has become a famous brand of news, which makes people accept that "news can be reported like this."

The orientation of Evening News focuses on promoting truth, goodness and beauty, and lashing the false, ugly and ugly. It is particularly powerful in restoring the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation and is not good for promoting spiritual civilization. As a news program with healthy character, academic circles set off an upsurge of discussion and learning because of its appearance. According to Hunan Satellite TV, except for Hong Kong and Taiwan, Hunan Satellite TV has received warm letters from audiences from all provinces in China. For a time, Hunan Satellite TV reached an unprecedented height, creating a precedent for news in China. The evening news will be "newsworthy, social, close and harmonious". In my opinion, the reform of Hunan Satellite TV is a successful example in the process of news entertainment, which provides valuable experience and direction for future generations.

(2) The proportion of serious news has declined, and the trend of news entertainment has become increasingly obvious.

With the successful revision of Hunan Satellite TV's Evening News, serious news programs began to explore entertainment packaging, and the proportion of entertainment news in news reports gradually increased. CCTV 2 economic channel also began to follow suit, broadcasting "Tonight" late at night, with the first half being news and the second half being interviews. Tonight is mainly a reorganization and unique interpretation of information, focusing on the service to the public. Once this program was launched, it won warm praise from the audience, just like Hunan Satellite TV, which prompted other news programs to learn more or less from its production methods.

Or CCTV 2 economic channel, the morning news column "The First Time", spent one-third of the time broadcasting all kinds of entertainment anecdote news, instead of blindly broadcasting serious news, and the two hosts also broadcast it in the form of chat. Throughout the country's major TV stations, various new columns have been launched rapidly, such as "Seven Days" of Beijing TV Station and "Today's Report" of Qinhuangdao TV Station. The entertainment of news has been recognized and adopted by more and more media.

(C) news entertainment presents the characteristics of "being close to the people"

Putin is the president of Russia. For a politician, the information about him should be serious. We saw a report on Russian news entitled "Putin's special plane, toilet is worth 75,000 US dollars": "Russian Prime Minister Putin is the national leader with the longest flight time and the longest flight distance in the world. He has six special planes, among which the new special plane Il -96-300 is expensive, and the toilet used by Putin alone is worth $75,000. " You can easily find that this kind of low-key and interesting news has quietly appeared in the news media in China, and they all shouted the slogan of "being close to the people". I want to show you two news items broadcast by CCTV, the authoritative media in China. [FS:PAGE] First, on May 26th, the Central News broadcast a story about children and Andersen's fairy tales. The report said: "On June 1 this year, Beijing Children's Art Theatre Co., Ltd. teamed up with six domestic troupes to launch a large-scale children's drama" Andersen ",which is also a useful attempt for Beijing Children's Art United Brothers Troupe to integrate children's drama resources. The magical fairy tale images such as Ugly Duckling and Mermaid written by Andersen will be presented to children in five theaters in Beijing under the simultaneous interpretation of Beijing People's Art, Jinan People's Art, Liaoning People's Art, Xi 'an People's Art, Guangxi Repertory Theatre and Guangxi Puppet Theatre. In order to let the small audience have an intuitive feeling of Andersen's life experience, the five theaters that staged the children's play Andersen also exhibited Andersen's original works and objects. "Another piece of news was broadcast by CCTV on May 27th, entitled" The high temperature weather swept across North China, and the high fever in Tiananmen Square persisted ". The report uses news time to analyze the recent weather situation for the public, and ends with a lovely giant panda "Tao Tao" as a summer resort: In Jinan, Shandong Province, when the high temperature strikes, people don't forget that the animals in the zoo "live in peace" while taking a summer vacation. When the highest temperature reached 36.3 degrees Celsius on the 26th, Jinan Zoo took timely measures to prevent heatstroke and cool down by showering and putting ice cubes. Tao Tao, a 34-year-old giant panda, was arranged to live in a room with ice. From the reports of these authoritative news organizations, we can easily see that even the CCTV news channel, which has always kept a straight face, has played the highlight of "people's livelihood news", and the "people-friendly" characteristics of news entertainment are absolutely obvious.

Second, the "benefits" of news entertainment

(A) the adaptability of news entertainment to the audience

The audience is the ultimate finisher of communication activities and the main body of news culture, and the psychological needs of the audience objectively affect the trend of news. Under the background of market economy, audience demand is the pillar of news selection.

American scholar Neil? In his book Entertainment to Death, Pozmann pointed out that the culture of post-modern society is an era of entertainment, television and computers are replacing the printing press, printing culture is becoming a swan song, the "interpretation era" created by books is becoming a thing of the past, and the rigor of culture is giving way to fast and thoughtful entertainment and pleasure.

In fact, since ancient times, China has been accustomed to the communicator-centered mechanism. The educational and propaganda functions of the media have been expanded, but the entertainment functions have been suppressed. Undeniably, among the many functions of the media, entertainment should also be very important. China, in particular, is currently in a historical transition period of economic transformation. When people's value system is broken, they often feel depressed. They need an outlet to release stress and adjust their mood. Imagine, after a hard day's work, who wants to continue to spend the rest of the time with politically strong information? News information without entertainment function often does not bring "happiness" to the audience, but requires them to use their brains to analyze and think about profound social problems. Most people are lazy and want to get information and entertainment easily without thinking after working for 8 hours. Following the tenet of "what the audience needs, the media will give it", our media circle has changed from the initial focus of debate "what is the most important information" to "what does the audience want to hear?" What kind of programs do they want to watch? "Under such demand, news entertainment is like a spring breeze, which blooms everywhere overnight and blows into the hearts of TV stations and people. In order to compete for the audience, serious mainstream media information products also throw olive branches to them. Taking CCTV as an example, news programs that always focus only on state affairs and political activities have gradually penetrated into the masses, paying attention to the shortcomings of ordinary parents. Not only the folk customs around the world began to occupy a place in CCTV news programs, but also all kinds of birds and animals in zoos or wild areas had the opportunity to appear in the audience's field of vision, and the small screen began to have more life and color.

(B) the adaptability of news entertainment to the market

As a cultural phenomenon, news entertainment is basically a reflection of economic development, scientific and technological progress, social opening and human liberation. The fierce competition between cultural production and development can easily make the cultural market tend to be entertaining. Modernization, especially the development of electronic industry, provides an unprecedented novel means for entertainment. Social stability and opening up, the improvement of people's living standards and the law of literature and art seeking change are all suitable environments for entertainment development. Since China's journalism has embarked on the track of market economy, the news audience under the traditional news system has suddenly become news consumers under the market economy system, and many media have also turned from previous institutions to enterprise management, demanding money from the market. The circulation and ratings determine the life and death of the media. To make a profit, you must have good products. It is wise to cater to the needs of the audience properly. From the original pure entertainment and leisure content to the present entertainment, the news farthest from entertainment to the later entertainment. On the other hand, the interests of the media are closely related to advertising and corporate investment. Advertisers hold the economic lifeline of the media. Whether they invest in this media depends on whether the media has an audience, which is related to whether their investment can receive the maximum return. [File system: page]

It is undeniable that, to some extent, entertainment has brought a lot of sweetness to the media at least in terms of economic benefits. Take the evening news of Hunan Satellite TV as an example. It is the entertainment of news that makes an ordinary news program, which was originally unremarkable and unknown, turn decadent into magic, jump to the top of the national ratings, quickly gain a large audience and bring very considerable economic benefits.

Third, the "disadvantages" of news entertainment.

Nothing can be perfect in the process of development, and the process of news entertainment is no exception. In the process of its development, due to the lack of experience and guidance in the previous stage of exploration, there will definitely be some disadvantages, which is inevitable.

(A) news entertainment breeds some "erosion" products.

"Morality is gone, aesthetics is gone, and the rest is just the senses and body separated from the brain. When the senses are separated from the brain, all activities become visual and auditory stimuli, as well as various stimuli that change patterns. "

This sentence truly reflects the vulgarity of news products made by some media at this stage in order to cater to the low taste of some readers, blindly pursue economic interests and ignore professional ethics. Culture has been "entertained", "entertainment" has been "commercialized", consumerism is very popular, and the audience's low taste and low style acceptance standards provide a realistic basis for vulgarization; The involvement of advertisers and the commercial operation and profit psychology of TV stations are one of the reasons for vulgarization. Only pay attention to the logic of ratings and advertising benefits, blindly cater to the public's hidden desire to experience excitement and pleasure in human nature, as well as the dark psychology such as fanatical greed for material and voyeurism desire for others, which will actually spread the positive reports of truth, goodness and beauty and become the carrier of "evil". While pursuing entertainment in this way, TV news is bound to be vulgarized more or less, which leads many media to show social ugliness by using the curiosity of the audience under the banner of persuading people to be good. They just symbolically added comments at the end, asking the audience to take a class as an example. In fact, what the audience remembers is only the ugly phenomenon displayed by the media, which satisfies their curiosity.

I have a report at hand that explains another reason for vulgarization. It's about our reporter's gaffes in order to get first-hand information about a news story. The author of this report is a reporter. He was sent to Shenzhen to cover a concert, but after getting off the plane, he received the news that "Chen died in Shenzhen", so he took the initiative to ask the editorial department to run the news himself. As the organizer who invited him to cover the Shenzhen concert, he was very angry because all the reporters they invited changed to report Chen's death. I don't know whether these reporters are devoted to their duties. Even more helpless is yet to come. In the afternoon, the reporters stayed in the Buddhist temple with the door closed. It's no use knocking at the door Originally, the author thought that waiting patiently would lead to results, but in the chaos, a reporter reported to the police that someone had died in the Buddhist temple. I hope the police can force their way in and let reporters get a bargain. Fortunately, the Shenzhen police are quite professional. They explained that there was no evidence of murder in the house and they had no right or obligation to break into houses. They also asked reporters not to disturb the dead. When the author was about to sigh for the dedication of the police, a reporter actually asked: There should be problems in this, you can break into houses. The author feels here, "often new news comes out, and the complexity and ugliness of human nature can always be exposed." This reminds me of a few years ago, a reporter disguised as a nurse photographed Fu Biao's body. This time, the reporter wanted to use the police force to break into the house. This behavior is really too much. What is the bottom line for journalists to do whatever it takes to get news? Under the tide of news entertainment, in order to grab news that can attract audiences and have great economic benefits, some journalists use such inferior means, which really damages their image. Then, is it possible for journalists of this quality to produce news for the benefit of news entertainment with a higher style?

(2) News entertainment has created a group of "lost" audiences.

There is no denying that our life has become more and more dependent on the media. While the media has expanded our horizons and space, it has also deprived us of the freedom to think and act independently. We are used to accepting the information provided by the media and are satisfied with the colorful and illusory dream world created by ourselves under the traction of the media. "these entertainments are full of the whole social process ... happiness means relaxing wholeheartedly, thinking nothing in your mind and forgetting all the pain and sadness." Gradually, we mistake the content provided by the media for an objective reality and think and act under the guidance of the information provided by the media. In such a social form, if the mass media is full of entertainment, especially the serious news programs should also pay attention to the entertainment function, which will inevitably make the audience unable to extricate themselves from this pleasant atmosphere, become numb to the society, and then produce a mentality of avoiding problems. People suddenly find that there is nothing to cherish around them, and any object, event or even spirit can be used for entertainment. After going through entertainment trips again and again, people did not find many meaningful events, and their minds gradually deviated from their original positions with the tide of entertainment. [File system: page]

Some scholars believe that some media constantly introduce entertainment news programs, which makes the public relax or give up their rational judgment and the will to rebuild the world outlook, and banish their reflection on life and their value judgment on the truth, goodness and beauty of life. This is harmful. "In today's state where human freedom is generally ruled by material desires, it is not human nature to pursue shallow happiness with instinctive satisfaction and replace human real freedom with luxury, ease and numbness of human nature."

Therefore, the excessive entertainment of news will lead to the narrow communication channels of national culture, make people immersed in the mediocre state of singing and dancing, have no thoughts and lack of culture, and gradually lose their discrimination, thus weakening their critical spirit to themselves and society. This is terrible. How many people will pay attention to the improvement of their moral quality and the shaping of noble social values under the control of this mentality?

(3) News entertainment has influenced a group of "confused" children.

Teenagers are the future of the motherland, and education at this age is very important. The ancient "Three Movements to Meng Mu" fully explained the great influence of "environment" on the growth of teenagers. As an authoritative representative, serious news will affect the healthy growth of young people's thoughts and their ability to distinguish right from wrong.

In news programs that have no restrictions on teenagers, if the news media only follow the creed of "all for entertainment", it will make the media forget their social responsibilities and lose the function of moral education while paying attention to, pursuing and creating simple entertainment effects.

Some entertaining news programs will convey wrong information and ideas to teenagers, which will conflict with the contents of education such as schools and families, thus hindering the formation of correct moral concepts for teenagers. Serious problems, such as celebrity scandals and violent incidents, are "joked", exaggerated and repeatedly emphasized by the host, and unprocessed bloody scenes used to pursue excitement and attract attention will all cause psychological shadows and misleading to children. They will ask, "Is this right?" If their doubts are not well explained, some moral principles and concepts emphasized in school education will be shaken in their hearts, and even some children who are not firm enough to distinguish right from wrong will unconsciously imitate the wrong behavior on TV, and then implement some improper behaviors in real life. Therefore, over-entertaining news information will not only play the role of moral education in the process of communication, but also gradually dissolve the educational achievements made by conventional education when young audiences are psychologically unguarded.

Fourth, countermeasures.

At present, there are two schools of thought in the news entertainment. Most of the "theoretical" scholars strongly object that the entertainment of news has damaged the authority and public image of serious news programs, and if it continues, it will inevitably cause news programs to burst their banks; However, the "practitioners" who fight in the front line of the press have the opposite view. They like news entertainment very much, and think that it is novel in form, close to the public, and can bring considerable economic benefits, and they are all optimistic about its future development.

I think, just like any phenomenon on the stage of social reality, the emergence of news entertainment naturally has its rationality. It is the inevitable trend of the development of mass media and the inevitable product of social development. It originates from the creation of our human thinking, so we must find the best way to restrain and guide its normal development, make the media really go to the public, and provide reliable guarantee for the media to continue to move forward in the market competition. On June 5438+0997+ 10, the China press published the revised Code of Professional Ethics for Journalists in China, requiring journalists to consciously enhance their political awareness and sense of responsibility, carry forward the main theme of socialism in news reports, and create a public opinion atmosphere conducive to people distinguishing right from wrong, advocating truth, goodness and beauty, and resisting falsehood, ugliness and ugliness. Communication activities "shall not promote pornography, murder, violence, ignorance, superstition and other inferior styles." Based on this policy, I would like to make the following suggestions:

(A) pay attention to the cultivation of journalists' healthy character

The style and orientation of media are closely related. Facing the fierce competition in the media market, the popular route of "close to citizens, close to life and close to society" is an inevitable choice, but popularization does not mean vulgarization. Numerous facts show that attracting readers by lowering the style is tantamount to self-defeating, and it is bound to be in the foreseeable future. Only by adhering to the correct public opinion orientation and maintaining a healthy and upward style is an effective way to improve the credibility of the media. As the creator of news products, the reporter's own character has become very important. On this issue, I would like to take Cao Aiwen, a female reporter of Henan Metropolis Daily in "Touching China in 2006" as an example. She graduated from Tianjin Normal University majoring in radio and television journalism. When she met the news, she put human nature in the supreme position and resolutely gave up reporting for the first time. Instead, I gave artificial respiration to the drowning girl and actively saved a life. She is affectionately called "the most beautiful reporter" by everyone. Her behavior set an example for journalists to "be a man first, then do things". If every journalist has this concept that doing the right thing is more important than doing the right thing, then "adhering to the correct public opinion orientation and healthy character" will not be empty talk. [File system: page]

(2) The news media should bear certain responsibilities for the moral education of teenagers.

Media has its moral education obligation and function. "TV culture has its duality, which can not only educate people to be upward, but also seduce people to fall; It can both excite you and anesthetize you. Therefore, TV not only needs wonderful and healthy pictures, but also needs to be responsible for society, especially for the growth of young students. "

As a kind of media, television must bear certain social responsibilities, which have not been abandoned because of the pressure of commercialization and entertainment. For the audience of TV communication, especially teenagers, if the media loses the correct and healthy moral guidance, it will inevitably lead to public criticism.

In a word, the media is an important channel for people to get spiritual and cultural food and information. Journalists should put the production of healthy, beneficial, high-grade and high-style cultural products in the first place at any time and place, consciously eradicate all kinds of spiritual garbage, strengthen their own requirements, strive to improve their own quality, and earnestly shoulder the obligation of media to educate young people. This is also the minimum moral requirement of journalists.