Oil press, is the bigger the press shaft, the higher the output?

Oil press refers to a machine that squeezes oil from oil by raising the temperature and activating oil molecules with the help of mechanical external force. It can be divided into household oil press, hydraulic oil press, screw oil press, new hydraulic oil press, high-efficiency fine filtration oil press and full-automatic oil press.

Oil-pressing raw materials, that is, oil crops are divided into plant raw materials and animal raw materials according to types. In the general production process, we mainly use plant raw materials. Plant raw materials are divided into Leguminosae, Seed Family and Cannabis Family. The following is a brief description of oil crops in China:

Peanut: Peanut is a legume crop. Historically, it was called "longevity fruit", "ginseng", "ground pine", "longevity fruit" and "fig". Peanut nourishes stomach and prolongs life, which is also called "longevity fruit" by the people. Like soybean, it is also called "vegetarian meat" and "vegetarian meat". The nutritional value of peanuts is higher than that of cereals, and it can be compared with some animal foods such as eggs, milk and meat. It contains a lot of protein, especially unsaturated fatty acids, and is very suitable for making various nutritious foods.

Peanut is millet. It is also an important oil crop with a wide variety. Generally speaking, the chemical composition of peanuts is: moisture 5.33% ~ 9. 16%, oil 44.27% ~ 53.86%, carbohydrate 9.89% ~ 23.62%, protein 23.96% ~ 33.94%, and phospholipid 0.5% ~ 650. The ash content is 1.75% ~ 2.58%. It can be seen that peanut contains a lot of oil (fat) and protein, and it is a good oil crop. Among them, 23.96% ~ 33.94% of protein is 1.5-2.5 times higher than that of lean pork and beef and mutton. It is 5- 13 times higher than rice and flour, with high protein digestibility and rich in amino acids needed by human body; Vitamin B 1 B6 and vitamins d, e, calcium and phosphorus. The peanut planting area in China ranks second in the world. Peanut series products have long been welcomed by consumers. But the fly in the ointment is that "peanuts are high in fat content and too greasy to eat, which leads to a series of fatty diseases in human body." Peanut is the main raw material for oil extraction in northern China.

Soybean: It belongs to Leguminosae and belongs to Millet, and its seed is also called soybean. It is the most important bean in the world. Soybean originated in China, and most domestic scholars believe that its origin is in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. Many botanists also believe that it originated from Ussuri soybean in China. The cultivated soybeans planted now are made from wild soybeans through long-term directional selection, improvement and domestication. Soybean is rich in high-quality protein, unsaturated fatty acids, calcium and B vitamins, which is an important source of high-quality protein in the diet of Chinese residents. The protein content of soybean is about 35%-40%. Except methionine, the composition and proportion of other essential amino acids are similar to those of animal protein, and they are rich in lysine lacking in protein, which is a natural ideal supplementary food for cereal protein. The fat content in soybean is about 15%-20%, in which unsaturated fatty acids account for 85%, linoleic acid is as high as 50%, and the digestibility is high, and it also contains more phospholipids. The carbohydrate content in soybean is about 25%-30%, half of which is dietary fiber. Among them, raffinose and stachyose are fermented by intestinal bacteria to produce gas, which can cause abdominal distension. Soybean is rich in phosphorus, iron and calcium. Every 100g soybean contains 57 1mg phosphorus, 1 1mg iron and 367mg calcium, respectively, which is obviously more than that of cereals. Because the relative oil yield of soybean is low, oil is generally extracted by leaching, and domestic general oil production enterprises use foreign genetically modified soybeans as raw materials because genetically modified soybeans contain oil.

Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is the seed of flax. Although its close relatives appear in Africa, the natural origin of this species is still unknown. It is spread all over the tropical regions of the world. Sesame is one of the four major edible oil crops in China and one of the main oil crops in China. Sesame products have high application value. The oil content of its seeds is as high as 6 1%. Since ancient times, there have been many famous foods and delicacies made of sesame and sesame oil in China, which are famous all over the world. Sesame flowers are solitary, or two or three flowers cluster in leaf axils. Cylindrical, lip-shaped, made of sesame (14) in red, purple and white. Due to different varieties, the number of edges of long cylindrical capsules varies from 4.6.8. Seeds oblate, white, yellow, brownish red or black. White seeds have high oil content, and black seeds have the functions of nourishing liver and kidney, moistening dryness and relaxing bowels. Sesame oil contains a lot of essential fatty acids, and linoleic acid content is as high as 43.7%, which is higher than vegetable oil and peanut oil. Sesame oil can be extracted from the stems, leaves and flowers of sesame. Sesame oil, commonly known as sesame oil, is an important condiment and edible oil, with a mellow and rich smell.

Rape, also known as oil cabbage and bitter vegetable, is the tender stem and leaf of Cruciferae rape, which is native to China, dark green in color and looks like cabbage, and belongs to a variety of Cruciferae cabbage. Widely planted in the north and south, it can be produced in all seasons. Rapeseed is rich in vitamin C and contains many nutrients. Rapeseed in the north is native to the west of China, distributed in the northwest of China, North China, Inner Mongolia and the provinces (regions) in the Yangtze River basin, and also widely distributed all over the world. Vegetable oil contains a variety of vitamins, such as vitamin A, vitamin D and vitamin E, and is an important source of fat-soluble vitamins. The content of vitamin E in vegetable oil is rich, reaching 60mg/ 100g oil, especially the content of vitamin A in oil is as high as 13mg/ 100g oil, which is 2.6 times that of soybean oil, and it does not decrease much after long-term storage and heating, so it can be used as the source of vitamin E in food. Rapeseed contains 45% oil, and linoleic acid content also rises to about 20%, so the fatty acid composition of low erucic rapeseed oil is similar to that of tea oil and peanut oil. In recent years, the successful cultivation of low linolenic acid rapeseed has reduced the linolenic acid content which is easy to be oxidized and deteriorated and hinders linoleic acid metabolism to about 3%, thus completely overcoming the disadvantages of high erucic acid and linolenic acid content in conventional rapeseed oil. More than 90% of fatty acids in rapeseed oil are essential fatty acids-linoleic acid and oleic acid, which has high nutritional value.

Flaxseed: Flaxseed is an oil crop. Linseed oil contains a lot of unsaturated fatty acids, so it is used to prevent hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. Flaxseed surface is mostly reddish brown or taupe, brown, and a few are golden yellow and white. The surface is smooth and shiny, and the oil content is 30%-45%. Linseed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids such as linolenic acid and linoleic acid, especially a- linolenic acid and r- linolenic acid. Among them, a- linolenic acid accounts for 57% of fatty acids in linseed oil, which is twice as high as fish oil. It can reduce blood pressure, serum cholesterol and blood viscosity, and has therapeutic effects on cancer, cardiovascular diseases, visceral diseases, nephropathy, dermatoses, arthritis, lung diseases and immune system diseases. More than 30 countries, such as Britain and France, have approved linseed oil as a nutritional additive or functional food. Flaxseed oil is an oil extracted from flaxseed. Flaxseed contains 30% ~ 48% oil. The oil obtained by pressing at room temperature is a yellow liquid with special smell, which gradually thickens and darkens in the air. The main components in oil include linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid and glyceric acid, such as palmitic acid and stearic acid. In addition, it also contains organic compounds such as eicosanyl ferulate, steroids, triterpenoids and cyanosides. Linseed oil is mainly used as industrial raw material for paint, ink, tarpaulin and rubber. A few areas are traditionally used as edible oil. It has certain medicinal value.

Main process editor

principle

(1), peanut is a crop with high oil content, and its internal oil exists in cells in spherical or granular form and is surrounded by a closed membrane. In the process of being squeezed by the outside world, this membrane and the cell wall rupture together, and peanut oil flows out of the cracks; In the process of extrusion, the oil in peanuts is partially squeezed, and peanuts become brittle and hard, losing their original elasticity; However, peanut red coat contains more fibers, which are separated from peanut surface after being pressed, making peanut red coat easy to fall off; In the process of extrusion, peanuts are subjected to pressure rather than shear force, so there is no broken kernel phenomenon and it is easy to recover.

(2) Apply different pressures according to the requirements of fat content. Defatted peanuts with different effects can be obtained.

craftsmanship

Technological requirements: the degreasing rate of peanuts is above 50%; Peanuts are intact without broken grains, there is no adhesion between peanuts, and the red color of peanuts is easy to fall off. The important factor affecting degreasing effect is water, and the secondary factor is time. The best condition for degreasing effect is 4.52%-7.26%. (Too much water affects the oil yield, and too much water can easily lead to high Watson crushing rate. )

Production technology of peanut crude oil

Peanut kernel-controlled temperature drying-raw material wrapping-pressurizing-defatted peanut kernel.