Definition of linguistics

Traditional linguistics is called philology, which mainly studies ancient documents and written language. Modern linguistics focuses on contemporary language and spoken language, and its research scope is greatly broadened. China literature serves other disciplines.

Modern linguistics is an independent discipline, with its objective research object, its own research methods and systematic discipline theory. As its name implies, linguistics is an empirical science that studies the essence, structure and development law of language.

Linguistics in a broad sense includes philology, which studies the situation of language in a certain period and is called * * * temporal linguistics; Studying the changes experienced by language in different periods is called diachronic linguistics; Comprehensive study of multiple languages.

In order to solve teaching or translation problems, comparing the similarities and differences between two languages is called contrastive linguistics. Phonetics, grammar, vocabulary and writing all focus on the structure of language itself and are the center of linguistics. Some people call it micro linguistics.

Phonetics is a physiological process to study the physical properties of speech, human pronunciation methods and speech perception. Phonology or phonetics studies how many different sounds there are in a language, and what are the differences and connections between them.

It is morphology, also known as morphology, which studies the way words are formed and inflected. Syntax, also called syntax, studies how words are combined into phrases or sentences. According to traditional grammar, morphology and sentence-making are combined to form grammar.