What are the contents of commonly used military high technology?

Commonly used military high technologies include information technology, aerospace technology, marine development technology, biotechnology, new material technology and new energy technology.

The so-called military high technology is the modern high-tech science and technology applied in the military field. That is, high-tech groups that have been or will be applied to the military field and have a significant impact on modern military and modern warfare. The six major areas are introduced as follows.

1, information technology: design, development, installation and implementation of application of computer science and communication technology information systems and application software. It is also often called information and communication technology (ICT). It mainly includes sensing technology, computer and intelligence technology, communication technology and control technology.

2. Space technology: it is a comprehensive engineering technology to explore, develop and utilize space and celestial bodies outside the Earth. It is an important symbol of a country's comprehensive development level of modern science and technology. Military aerospace technology is a comprehensive engineering technology that applies aerospace technology to the military field, enters space, and develops and utilizes space for military purposes.

3. Ocean development technology: it is the general term for human beings to develop the ocean and realize its actual value. It is formed by absorbing and digesting all kinds of modern science and technology and general technology through ocean development to adapt it to the special environment of the ocean. Create conditions for the transformation of traditional marine industries and the rapid development of emerging marine industries, and promote the structural adjustment of marine industries.

4. Biotechnology: applying the basic principles of biology, chemistry and engineering, using living organisms (including microorganisms, animal cells and plant cells) or their components (organelles and enzymes) to produce useful substances or provide services for human beings.

5. New material technology: refers to newly developed materials or materials with better performance than traditional materials. New material technology refers to a new material technology that can meet various needs according to people's wishes through a series of research processes such as physical research, material design, material processing, testing and evaluation.

6. New energy technologies: including nuclear energy technology, solar energy technology, coal-burning technology, magnetic fluid power generation technology, geothermal energy technology and ocean energy technology, among which nuclear energy technology and solar energy technology are the main signs of new energy technologies. Through the development and utilization of nuclear energy and solar energy, the traditional concept of energy, which is dominated by oil and coal, has been broken and a new era of energy has been created.

Extended data:

Since the 1980s, a wave of information technology revolution sweeping the globe has not only brought fundamental changes to human production and life, but also had a tremendous impact in the military field. The continuous improvement of traditional military technology and the emergence of high-tech equipment have triggered a modern military high-tech revolution. The content of modern military high technology is rich and colorful.

At present, the most representative are the following aspects.

1, modern reconnaissance and surveillance technology

Effective acquisition of enemy intelligence information is an important guarantee to win the war. Under modern conditions, the battlefield situation is changing rapidly, the combat style is changing rapidly, the ability of camouflage and deception is constantly improving, it is more difficult to obtain information than before, and the timeliness, accuracy and continuity of information are higher, which also stimulates the rapid development of modern reconnaissance and surveillance technology.

Modern reconnaissance and surveillance technology is a modern reconnaissance system integrating aerospace, aviation and ground (surface) reconnaissance, all-weather day and night, and all-round land, sea and air battlefields.

In space, all kinds of reconnaissance and surveillance satellites can conduct reconnaissance and surveillance around the clock.

For example, electronic reconnaissance satellites can detect and search radio signals and radar signals, and can be used to determine radar position and signal characteristics, eavesdrop and record enemy military communication signals, and determine the position of radio stations. The missile early warning satellite equipped with infrared sensitive elements can detect the infrared radiation signal generated by the missile tail flame launched by the enemy in about 90 seconds.

2. Modern stealth and camouflage technology

In the modern high-tech war, due to the remarkable development of reconnaissance and surveillance technology and the use of precision-guided weapons, once the target is found, it is inevitable to be annihilated. Therefore, the camouflage stealth technology against reconnaissance and surveillance has also developed rapidly.

The detectable characteristics of any military target in the background include shape, color, position, sound, electromagnetic wave signal, infrared thermal radiation and so on. Camouflage is to try to reduce these characteristics between the real target and the background, or to increase the difference between the false target and the background by setting false targets, and to deliberately expose flaws for the enemy to find, thus deceiving the enemy.

3. Modern night vision technology

At night, it is not dark, but there are still some faint lights such as moonlight, starlight and atmospheric glow. These low beams will still diffuse when they are irradiated on the target object. Because these shimmers are very weak, it is more difficult for human eyes to distinguish and perceive them after diffuse reflection.

At the same time, any object, including military targets, will continuously emit infrared thermal radiation as long as its temperature is higher than absolute zero.

Due to the existence of engines, guns and moving objects, the temperature of military targets is generally higher than that of surrounding background objects. Therefore, the infrared thermal radiation of military targets will be more obvious than that of general targets. Modern night vision technology is a technology to enhance low light and convert invisible infrared light into visible light.

4, precision guided weapon technology

Precision guided weapons refer to weapons that play a role under the control of intelligent guidance equipment. It is characterized by high direct hit probability, strong autonomous guidance ability and good operational efficiency. At present, there are mainly guided missiles, guided shells, guided torpedoes and guided mines.

Guidance systems of guided weapons are generally divided into three categories: autonomous guidance, remote control guidance and self-seeking guidance. Autonomous guidance does not need to provide direct information of the target, nor does it need the cooperation of equipment other than missiles. It completely relies on its own guidance system to measure the physical characteristics of the earth or space and guide precision guided weapons to fly to the target according to the predetermined trajectory.

Autonomous guidance can be divided into inertial guidance, program guidance, starlight guidance, terrain matching guidance and GPS global positioning. Strategic missiles generally adopt autonomous guidance. Remote guidance is a kind of guidance system that uses guidance stations instead of precision guided weapons to control the flight of precision guided weapons. The missile guided by remote control is controlled by the guidance station, and its flight trajectory can be changed at any time according to the movement of the target.

5, electronic warfare technology

Electronic warfare (EW) refers to the confrontation or combat action taken by the opposing sides in the war for the right to use and control the electromagnetic spectrum, also known as electronic countermeasures. The main forms of electronic warfare are communication electronic warfare, radar electronic warfare, photoelectric electronic warfare, computer electronic warfare and C4I electronic warfare.

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